Amantadine( trade name Midantan, Symmetrel) is an antiviral and anti-Parkinsonian drug that is used in a wide range of neurological diseases. Amantadine is available in three variations - sulfate, glucuronide or hydrochloride.
The latter is a crystalline powder of white hue, which dissolves in a small amount of alcohol. For the first time this drug was used in the middle of the 20th century as an antiviral drug, and after a while its ability to treat Parkinson's disease was discovered.
Contents
- Composition and form of trade counterparts
- Pharmacological profile
- Indications for use
- Contraindications and limitations
- Instructions for use: dosage and intake scheme
- Overdose and side effects
- Special instructions and conditions
- Practical applications of
- Pros and cons of practical experienceapplication
- Purchase of preparations based on amantadine
Composition and form of trade analogs
Composition of trade products( Midantan, Symmetrel, listok of all in the plate), which includes amantadine sulfate:
- 100 grams of amantadine sulfate;
- lactose monohydrate;
- microcrystalline cellulose additives;
- potato starch natural;
- gelatin without additives;
- Povidone;
- sodium croscarmellose;
- derivative of talc;
- colloidal water-containing silica of dioxide;
- magnesium stearate;
- polyethylene glycol;
- natural alcohol;
- natural biological supplements( E 171 - dioxide additive, titanium derivative).
Product: tablets and solution.
Pharmacological profile
Amantadine has an antiviral and anti-Parkinsonian effect. The drug stimulates:
- excretion of the main neurotransmitter - dopamine from the protein depots of neurons;
- increases the susceptibility of cellular dopamine receptors to the neuro-mediator;
- blocking the penetration of viruses into cells of tissues of the human body.
When taken orally, the drug is absorbed well and quickly by the digestive tract. The maximum concentration of the drug is noted 4 hours after admission. Passes the drug through blood-brain and placental barriers, penetrating into the mother's milk, which excludes its use during pregnancy and lactation. The half-life is 15 hours, the medication is withdrawn along with the kidneys.
This medication is administered internally and after administration it initially has an anti-inflammatory effect on the human body.
To achieve this result is due to the fact that immediately after taking, the drug is quickly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and an active substance is released. The change in blood plasma can be observed already 4 hours after taking the pill.
If the drug is used by a woman, it should be noted that Amantadine, by breaking down the barriers of the placenta, enters the mammary glands and mixes with milk. Therefore, if a girl feeds a baby under 1 year of breast milk, then before starting a course of treatment should consult with your doctor.
Indications for use
Indications for amantadine:
- Parkinson's disease;
- is used to eliminate the side effects of Parkinson's disease( rigid and akinetic disorders);
- blurred vision due to head injury;The
- preparation is used to correct the disruption of the extrapyramidal system, which was caused by a prolonged intake of neuroleptics;
- neuralgia caused by shingles;
- is also used to treat hepatitis A.
In addition, Amantadine is used in emergency and non-standard cases. For example, as preventive measures against hepatitis A or if, the patient needs to be urgently withdrawn from anesthesia( complication during surgery and the like).
Contraindications and limitations
The drug is not recommended for:
- occurrence of allergic reactions of to one of the components of the drug( it is recommended to take a test for possible allergens before taking the medication);
- psychological and mental diseases ( schizophrenia, unreasonable aggression, fear and the like);
- if there is an epilepsy, glaucoma, thyrotoxicosis and hyperplasia of the prostate in history, these are diseases in which the reception of this medication is prohibited, since it can only exacerbate the patient's health situation;
- pregnancy and lactation , as the drug penetrates directly into the mammary glands and mixes with milk, which can adversely affect the health of the child.
Instructions for use: dosage and intake schedule
The drug should be used orally after meals every day.
Dosage: during the first week of administration, the drug is applied no more than 0.1 grams per day( half a tablet), after 7 days, as needed, the dosage is increased to the whole tablet. The maximum dosage is 2 tablets per day( 0.4 grams).
Scheme of admission: depending on the type of disease, there are several ways to take this medication. So, with Parkinson's disease, tablets are prescribed, and Amantadine solution is used to treat eye infections.
Overdose and side effects of
If the recommended dose of the drug is exceeded( 0.4 grams), the symptoms of overdose may appear:
- acute psychosis;
- loss of coordination;
- neuromuscular disorders;
- convulsions and spasms;
- general malaise;
- increased heart rate.
As such, there is no antidote for treating these symptoms. It is necessary to induce vomiting by any available means, in order to rinse the stomach. Then you need to take activated charcoal and drink as much water as possible. If severe complications occur, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Side effects are expressed by the following symptoms:
- headache, mental disorders, hallucinations, short-term memory loss;
- insomnia, which leads to fatigue, irritability and unreasonable aggression;
- general malaise;
- violation of cardiac activity;
- disrupted the work of the gastrointestinal tract, which leads to constipation, diarrhea and swelling of the intestines;
- difficult urination;
- excessive drowsiness;
- anorexia and loss of appetite.
Special instructions and conditions
Many specialists insist that if any of the above-listed side effects occur in a patient, the drug should be stopped gradually, decreasing the dose every day, as an abrupt withdrawal of the medicine can lead to undesirableconsequences.
During the course of treatment, it is recommended to abandon the work, where it will be necessary to concentrate attention( driving, working with dangerous mechanisms, etc.).
The drug is not compatible with alcohol, because the simultaneous administration of these drugs can greatly worsen the patient's condition.
If there is a violation of the kidneys and liver, do not take a course of treatment with this drug, since it has a very heavy load on them.
Amantadine is incompatible with other drugs, but there are many of its analogues.
Doctors do not recommend using this medication during pregnancy or during breastfeeding, as it mixes with blood and gets into the mother's breast milk.
Children under the age of 14 should not take this potent medication.
From the practice of application of
Review of the doctor and reviews of patients who are being treated with Amantadine.
The drug Amantadine is an antiparkinsonian and antiviral agent that, by its action on the body, can block glutamate receptors, thereby reducing the effect of glutamate neurons on the neostriatum, which develops in conjunction with the deficiency of Dopamine, which provokes Parkinson's disease.
Lapina Marina Sergeevna, 35 years old, neurologist
In my 25 years I overcame anorexia. The doctor appointed to take the medicine twice a day, I drink it for 2 months. Now I feel better, I have an appetite, strength and confidence, I have not noticed any side effects yet.
Anastasia, 25 years old
This drug works well for my father in Parkinson's disease( takes it in parallel with Madopar).The gait has become more stable, has ceased to constantly fall, now it is almost completely self-serving and feels very recently very well.
Nikolay, 40 years
Pros and Cons of practical application experience
Pros:
- a small number of side effects;
- natural composition;
- short course of treatment.
Cons:
- drug incompatibility with many medications;
- a limited number of patients who are allowed admission.
Purchase of drugs based on Amantadine
Form of release of drugs with Amantadine: tablets and solution, the price is from 130 to 1200 rubles, depending on the medicine in which he 
is applied.
Storage takes place in a place that is closed from sunlight for no longer than 3 months.
It is released in a pharmacy under the prescription.
Foreign analogs and synonyms of Russian production:
- foreign PC-Merz;
- domestic Midantan.
