Krivosheya in adults - the causes of development, the order of diagnosis and treatment!

Krivosheya is a pathological process, the essence of which is fully revealed in its name. At its core, this disease is a pronounced deformation of the neck, accompanied by a violation of the normal position of the head. In accordance with the average statistical data, about 30% of the total number of congenital disorders of the musculoskeletal system is accounted for by torticollis. Given a certain confluence of circumstances, the ailment can take on the acquired form, arising in adult patients. About this further.

Causes of torticollis in adults

There are several varieties of torticollis in adults,zniknoveniyu which give different reasons. About them in the table.

Table. The causes of the appearance of different forms of torticollis

Varieties of the disease	Causes of the occurrence of
Arthrogenic form of	A provoking factor is dislocation / subluxation of the cervical vertebrae.
Hypoplastic form of	Formed against a background of insufficient development of the thoracic and / or trapezius muscles.
Dermatogenic	Occurs after severe damage to the skin in the neck, for example, as a complication of severe burns.
Compensatory	The appearance of this shape of torticollis is facilitated by impaired vision or hearing.
Bone	Formed as a result of a variety of lesions of the vertebrae.
Neurogenic	The development of pathological neuromuscular formations contributes to this.
Spastic	Develops against the backdrop of abnormal muscle contractions in the neck. Also able to form in the presence of neoplasms of the vertebrae, after trauma, as a complication of various degenerative-dystrophic diseases, for example, osteochondrosis.

Characteristic features of

The manifestations indicating the presence of torticollis are as follows:

• a clavate formed at the location of the sternocleidomastoid muscle and is detected during palpation;
• spasms, painful sensations, suddenly manifested when making head movements;
• displacement of the head in the direction opposite to the affected area;
• spasmodic contractions and asymmetric facial changes.

Possible complications of

It is important to diagnose the disease as soon as possible and begin its treatment. Left unattended, torticollis under any circumstances will give serious complications in the form of secondary deformations. The intensity of these depends on the age and overall condition of the patient, as well as the severity of shortening of the affected muscles.

Started torticollis causes a violation of the symmetry of the skull. There is a flattening in the place of localization of the affected muscle. Eyes and eyebrows, at the same time, drop. If the patient tries to keep the head upright, the collarbone and shoulders are deformed with the accompanying movement of the head in the direction of the affected muscle.

. Scoliosis can also form against the background of neglected torticollis. Mostly it is diagnosed in the cervical and thoracic parts of the spine.

Diagnostic procedure

First of all, the doctor hears complaints of the patient and conducts a visual inspection. Further, laboratory-instrumental diagnostic methods are prescribed, among them:

• radiography;
• MRI;
• rheoencephalography;
• electromyography.

After confirming the presence of the disease and determining the features of its course, an individual treatment program is being developed.

Treatment options

To combat torticollis, a complex therapy is developed, including medication, special exercises and massage, as well as manual and physiotherapeutic methods.

General information

If the torticollis is provoked by a vertebral trauma, first of all, appropriate actions must be taken to ensure a normal intergrowth of such vertebrae. Immediately after receiving the injury, the doctor will recommend wearing a special collar. Using this device eliminates the risk of displacement of the affected vertebrae and ensures the creation of a normal tone of the damaged muscles.

In case of intervertebral hernia diagnosis, an operation is prescribed. If you ignore it, over time, there will be a chronic pain syndrome, accompanied by a pathological increase in muscle tone, spasms, etc.

If the appearance of torticollis was caused by neurological factors, the following recommendations will be given:

• normalization of the work regime;
• high-grade rest;
• observance of the correct position during sleep;
• wearing special correctors.

If conservative methods do not give a significant clinical effect, an operation intervention will be prescribed.

Medical treatment

Drug treatment is one of the main components of an integrated therapeutic approach. Patients with neurological diseases are prescribed drugs from groups of antidepressants and relaxants. They are prescribed by a neurologist or psychiatrist. They are released by prescription.

The mechanism of action of these drugs is to block the possibility of passage of nerve impulses through the muscles. This allows you to get rid of muscle spasms and align the position of the head in the initial stages of torticollis.

It is important to understand that it is practically impossible to get rid of torticollis with just medicines. Several factors contribute to the onset of the pathological process, which requires an integrated approach involving a number of therapeutic techniques.

Short-term muscle spasms can be removed by injections of botulinum toxin. The use of these contributes to the normalization of the head position on average for several months. The possibility and expediency of use are determined by the doctor individually for the individual patient.

Massage and physiotherapeutic effects

The results of the corresponding massage show improvement in muscle tone and normalization of blood circulation in the affected areas. It is important to choose the right time to start attending massage sessions - during periods of exacerbation, such an effect can intensify the intensity of the painful sensations, especially when there are concomitant diseases of a degenerative-dystrophic nature.

It is important to remember that the torticollis, accompanied by spasms of the neck muscles, is not eliminated by massage alone. In the presence of this disease, the change in the position of the head first occurs due to spasm of the nipple muscle. As the pathology progresses, other muscles are involved in the process. That is why to get rid of a set of problems, all possible actions must be taken.

In parallel with the massage, electrophoresis is usually performed using iodine preparations. The latter have a relaxing effect on the muscles and are characterized by an antiseptic effect that reduces the risk of developing bacterial infections.

Special attention should be paid to therapeutic gymnastics - without it, using only conservative methods, it will not be possible to get rid of torticollis with a high probability. To date, there are many tested programs of physical therapy, each of which is selected by a qualified specialist individually for the patient. The latter must follow medical appointments and observe the established regime.

Stay healthy!

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