Endocrine diseases are quite common, expressed by a variety of symptoms and are accompanied by various complications from other organs of the human body. Despite the clear progress of medical endocrinology, it is not possible to achieve a complete cure for many diseases( diabetes mellitus), and only a more or less prolonged remission or absence of exacerbations can be observed. Therefore, the prevention of diseases of the endocrine system is of the utmost importance in maintaining the health, working capacity and social status of the patient.
Types of endocrine diseases
The main function of the human endocrine system is the control of metabolic processes, monitoring the functioning of organs at the cellular level, and also maintaining the hormonal background in the regulatory state. Do not underestimate its importance in the human reproductive function, immunological control and the exchange of intracellular information at the genetic level. The endocrine system includes a large number of human organs that produce hormones, the main of which are:
- adrenals that produce adrenaline, noradrenaline and various groups of corticosteroids,
- testes that produce the male sex hormone testosterone, and the ovaries - the producer of female sex hormones testosterone and androstenedione,
- pancreas - the main reproducer of insulin and its antagonist - glucagon, as well as the "hunger hormone" - ghrelin,
- thyroid gland, which isthe main source of iodine-containing hormones.
Any disruption of the work of these organs leads to malfunctions in the functioning of the endocrine system as a whole, as a result of which the hormonal balance is disrupted in the body.
Because of the variety of hormone-producing organs, a single prevention of endocrine system diseases is impossible, and for each specific disease, its preventive means are used. In order to increase the effectiveness of preventive measures, it is necessary to consider in more detail the functioning of individual organs and to understand the consequences that their diseases can lead to.
Unfortunately, the diseases of the endocrine system in most cases are diagnosed when the patient consults a doctor with concomitant illnesses or a secondary illness caused by a malfunction of the immune system. That is why the prevention of endocrine diseases is quite difficult and is mainly aimed at preventing relapse or reducing the severity of the disease. Preventive measures in the mass of its fairly simple and versatile. However, some diseases, such as Graves disease( hyperthyroidism), mastopathy, various forms of diabetes require specific medication.
The emergence of hypoglycemia is provoked by excessive production of insulin by beta-cells of the adrenal glands and is accompanied by a decrease in the concentration of glucose in the blood. The disease occurs in adulthood and it is mainly affected by the fairer sex. Patients experience a constant feeling of hunger, tremors in the limbs and general weakness. If you do not engage in disease prevention and do not use the prescribed pharmacological drugs, the patient may feel a constant fear, loss of coordination - down to hypoglycemic coma.
Various forms of diabetes are caused by another violation of the adrenal gland function - inadequate insulin production, as a result of which the sugar content in the blood has an elevated level. The main primary symptom of the disease is:
- a constant sensation of dry mouth and dryness of the skin,
- sleep disorder,
- permanent irritability, independent of external factors,
- a sharp decrease in weight accompanied by weakness.
If you do not carry out full preventive measures and allow the development of the disease, diabetes leads to disruption of the normal operation of the cardiovascular system, kidney diseases, male impotence and bladder disorders.
Hypothyroidism caused by a decrease in the production of thyroid-stimulating hormones by the thyroid gland slows down all metabolic processes in the body and leads to the most unexpected complications.
Thyrotoxicosis is characterized by abnormally high functioning of the thyroid gland, accompanied by a hung hormone level, which can lead to benign tumors in this organ. In addition, there are many other diseases of this organ, the cause of which may be infectious diseases, traumatic injuries and the place of residence of the patient.
Endocrine obesity is caused by pituitary dysfunction - hypothyroidism, which leads to excessive formation of fatty tissue and is expressed by swelling of the face and limbs. In addition, some forms of obesity are caused by insufficient work of the thyroid gland, in which the production of the hormone of thyroxin, responsible for metabolism in the body, is reduced. Moreover, prophylaxis in the form of diets or curative fasting is extremely dangerous, as it can lead to arrhythmia or ischemic disease or to osteoporosis.
There are other quite specific disruptions in the endocrine system that lead to various complications in the functioning of human organs.
Prevention of various defects in the endocrine system
Modern endocrinology claims that most of the hormonal disorders caused by diseases of the endocrine system can be prevented and stopped. However, without timely preventive measures, it is rather difficult to do so. Prevention includes:
- general preventive treatment, which is required to be carried out in all forms of disruption of hormone-producing organs,
- specific preventive therapy aimed at reducing the severity of the consequences of a particular disease.
The patient's arsenal should have all the necessary medicines, he must observe the proper, perhaps dietary, nutrition and adhere to the rules of a healthy lifestyle.
When diagnosing any disturbances in the endocrine system, the patient must first balance the diet. Products should be fresh, natural, rich in trace elements, unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and fiber. Physiologically sound fluid intake improves blood circulation and normalizes metabolic processes at the cellular level. A person suffering from any disease, but at a risk of developing a disruption of the endocrine system, must necessarily consult with an endocrinologist.
As medical research shows, many endocrine diseases, including diabetes, can occur with the artificial feeding of a newborn. The absence of enzymes contained in human milk has a depressing effect on the secretory function of the pancreas.
An important role in the development of this category of diseases is played by genetic predisposition. Of course, it can not be prevented - "what is given is given," but conventional prevention avoids numerous complications.
The concept of "healthy lifestyle" includes various physical activities, the severity of which depends on the form and phase of the disease. However, in the opinion of dietitians, with endocrine obesity, any diet should be accompanied by recreational physical education.
Avoidance of stress plays an important role in the prevention of endocrine system diseases. Any stress causes at least a release of adrenaline, which disrupts the functioning of the adrenal glands. A prolonged stressful condition leads to a "hormonal storm," causing an exacerbation of the disease. Some doctors recommend that patients with endocrine system problems use calming herbal remedies as a preventive measure, replacing them with strong tea and coffee.
Biologically active additives( dietary supplements) are very popular in the prevention of hormonal diseases. Despite the skeptical attitude of some specialists towards them, the effectiveness of these means of drug therapy has been scientifically substantiated and proved in practice.
Prevention of the most common diseases
Given that some diseases or defects of the endocrine system are quite specific, to prevent and reduce the likelihood of relapse, in addition to general preventive measures, specialized means are used. Their application is aimed at preventing a particular ailment, and it is by no means possible to use them for any reason. In addition, any preventive therapy, including drug treatment, the use of traditional medicine or the use of dietary supplements should only be done after consultation with the doctor.
Hypoglycemia is often a consequence of an overdose of insulin or its substitutes in patients with diabetes mellitus. Preventive measures for its prevention consist in strict control over the intake of insulin-containing drugs, strict adherence to diet and avoidance of physical overload. The patient should have easily assimilated carbohydrates( glucose tablets) and strictly follow the diet and diet.
Prevention of diabetes is quite extensive, and the preventive methods themselves depend on the form of the disease and its severity. Unfortunately, it is not possible to completely get rid of diabetes with the modern development of medicine, therefore, it is very important for patients to carry out preventive measures, which include:
- , when forming a diet, products with artificial additives, preservatives, flavorings, as well as foods rich in animal fatscarbohydrates,
- carefully avoid infectious and viral diseases, which are the "trigger" for exacerbation of the disease,
- completely abandon the consumption of alcoholrzhaschih beverages and tobacco, which refer to the risk-based factors of endocrine disease.
In thyroid diseases, their geographical localization is often observed, caused by iodine deficiency in certain regions. In order to compensate for its lack, the following recommendations should be adhered to:
- When preparing food, iodized salt should be used.
- The use of iodine-containing biologically active additives is effective enough.
- The diet should be diversified with seafood and vegetables rich in iodine.
- Direct exposure to solar ultraviolet radiation should be avoided.
Aggravation of diseases often occurs in smokers and people with excessive body weight.
Persons predisposed to fatness caused by disruptions in the endocrine system should first of all rationalize their diet by abandoning semi-finished products and "fast food" products, preferring them a low-calorie vegetable diet.
Conclusion
Of course, no prophylaxis will help without proper treatment prescribed by a doctor. Today, the main method of treatment is goronomonazapitalnaya therapy and the use of specialized bioadditives, which not only stabilize the endocrine system, but also contribute to the treatment of concomitant diseases.
