1 Causes of ailment

Not only can food cause these unpleasant manifestations. Often they can be provoked by weakened immunity, diseases of internal organs, as well as ingestion of pathogenic microorganisms of various kinds.

Causes:

• intoxication due to stale or poor-quality food;
• reception of antibacterial agents;
• of gallbladder disease;
• allergic reactions to medications and certain products;
• a child's stressful condition, fear, resentment;
• diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as inflammation of the walls of the stomach, diverticula of the esophagus - its deformation and pathological changes, inflammation of the mucous tissues of the duodenum, reflux esophagitis;
• infection with infectious diseases - pneumonia, pharyngitis, inflammation of the middle ear and shells of the spinal cord and brain;
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• infections of the intestines, accompanied by high temperature - dysentery, damage to salmonella and Escherichia coli.

In addition, the characteristic signs can be caused by a change in climatic conditions, with daily unbalanced nutrition.

In newborns and infants, such phenomena can be observed due to the appearance of the first teeth, the formation of the digestive system. In some cases, in children aged 1 year this may mean intracranial hypertension, neoplasms of the brain and diseases of the central nervous system.

2 Symptoms that accompany diarrhea and vomiting

At the first sign of this condition, parents should understand whether food could have caused the ailment. If the baby tears, it is advisable to recall what foods he ate the day before, and pay attention to the appearance of vomiting and stool. Of particular importance is the elevated temperature - it almost always means that it is an inflammatory process or an infection.

By the nature of the accompanying symptoms, you can identify the root cause:

• if the composition of diarrhea contains blood - is food poisoning, undigested products in it mean an allergic reaction, wateriness or stool with foam - infection with a viral or bacterial infection;
• reflex stomach emptying immediately after eating says allergy, intense with a milky consistency - a disease of the gastric gatekeeper, bloody - peptic ulcer, esophageal pathology or poisoning with toxic substances;
• pain in the form of colic is observed with intestinal infection, marked spasms - with food intoxication, colic, after a while after eating - a violation of the intestinal microflora, dysbiosis.

Vomiting in a child not accompanied by fever may be caused by diseases of the gallbladder, digestive system, poisoning. Elevated body temperature indicates the infection with rotavirus infection, teething. If the temperature is high, then there is an infectious disease.

It is necessary to pay attention to the smell of diarrhea and vomiting. If it is sharp, it is usually a food intoxication or an infection. In the case of an acidic odor, these are signs of reflux disease of the gastrointestinal tract.

As this condition depletes the body and can cause it to dehydrate, baby's vomiting, diarrhea, it is necessary to treat immediately.

3 Helping a child at home

When symptoms such as diarrhea and reflex attacks of a stomach eruption are discovered, parents have to make the right choice - whether to call for medical attention or not. In some cases, you can provide first aid, but do not rely on your own ways of solving the problem. The doctor should still examine the baby and identify the cause of the trouble. However, some actions are still necessary before the arrival of a specialist. When a baby has a fever, a doctor's call is mandatory.

In other cases, the following measures can be taken:

• if the baby has recently vomited, he should not give ordinary drinking water and then feed for 6 hours;
• after an attack, children should rinse the oral cavity;
• during attacks the body should be tilted forward;
• in such a situation, you can not use herbal medicinal herbs, with strong thirst it is allowed to give a little compote or green tea without the addition of sugar;
• for infants younger than 1 year at elevated temperature before the arrival of a doctor, you can put special antipyretic suppositories or use the intended oral suspension.

Newborns are recommended to be kept on the hands and put to the chest. It is also advisable to leave feces and vomit for analysis by a specialist.

4 How is diagnosis and treatment of children

To diagnose the causes of the disease and determine the diagnosis, diagnostic procedures are performed in the form of ultrasound examination, radiology, blood analysis, bacteriological culture of samples of gastric contents and feces.

The rectum mucosa is examined with a sigmoidoscope, at the end of which there is a camera displaying the image on the monitor. This is a completely painless, albeit unpleasant procedure.

All measures are aimed at recognizing pathologies in order to prescribe the correct treatment of vomiting in children.

Therapy is performed taking into account the established diagnosis, after which various medications can be prescribed. If there are no serious problems with the baby's organism, the doctor will consult the parents, rather than treat vomiting and diarrhea.

First of all, children must eat fully. They need to use as much liquid as possible to restore the water balance. This may be a weak tea, diluted juices or compotes of dried fruits. For the first time, it is better to exclude milk and vegetable dishes from food in order to avoid complications. Feed your baby with oatmeal and rice porridge cooked on the water, boiled potatoes, including mashed potatoes, as well as low-fat boiled beef. Sweet dishes and drinks should not be given, as they can lead to aggravation of diarrhea.

At the discretion of the doctor and depending on the age of the children, antiemetic drugs and various remedies for diarrhea are used. Sometimes they are appointed at the same time.

If food poisoning takes place, the stomach is washed and medicines containing enterosorbents are given. Saline rehydration preparations and prebiotics can be used to restore normal intestinal flora. When colic and spasm is recommended No-sppa and similar medications.

Of the folk remedies, decoction of rice, tea from chamomile and mint, and dill water are good.

If the case concerns newborns or infants who are not yet 1 year old, poisoning or infection is treated only in a health facility.

Parents who encounter such symptoms should remember that children should not overeat. Of great importance is their emotional-mental state. Therefore, they should be protected from worries and worries, which often become the cause of stress. Diarrhea and vomiting - an alarming sign and can mean serious diseases, you can not let the course of the disease into its own right. No matter how insignificant the problem may seem, the timely participation of a doctor will help to avoid the risk of complications.