The mucous membrane of the mouth in a state of full health should be pink in color, and on its surface should not be marked any defects, build-up or plaque. When there is a white coating on the tonsils, you can think about any pathological processes that occur both in the throat and in the entire body.
Control measures against the situation that has arisen always depend on the root cause, the nature of the plaque and the associated clinical symptoms. After all, it is quite possible that this is due to infectious pathology, which requires special therapy, which often includes antibacterial drugs. Treatment should be carried out under the control of an ENT doctor, if necessary, consultations of an infectious disease specialist are made in order to determine the main etiologic factor of the disease.
Etiology
First of all, such a symptom as the appearance of a plaque on the tonsils, can talk about the presence of bacterial invasion of bacteria in the mucosa. They reduce local immunity by reducing the efficiency of lymphoid tissue. It is difficult for a common person to tell which rag on the tonsils has appeared, even if its color is whitish. Only a competent doctor is able to establish the true cause, based on the structure, localization and depth of the defeat of the tonsils. This allows you to set the right diagnosis, on which the treatment will depend. Often in an adult, the appearance of such a plaque may indicate the following diseases:
- Diphtheria. To date, quite a rare pathology. It should be noted that it is characterized by a very severe course and often ends in a fatal outcome even with the appointment of the right treatment. Plaque, in addition to the tonsils, affects adjacent tissues - tongue, sky, while it is very hard to eliminate. The patient is disturbed by the expressed general weakness, the rise in temperature is not always typical for diphtheria. Concomitant manifestations are sore throat, development of dyspnea, nausea, possibly the appearance of double vision in the eyes;
- Candidiasis of the oral cavity. This pathology is characterized by the formation of a cheesy plaque of bright white color, which can also affect not only the tonsils. A white film can form on the tongue and cheeks, the sky, the back wall of the pharynx. Sometimes the affected gland can swell. The cause of this condition is often called reduced immunity for various reasons, as well as prolonged antibiotic therapy;
- Tonsillitis or, as it is called - angina. By itself, pathology is an inflammation of the tonsils, which arises from the active multiplication of bacterial agents in them. The disease can take many forms. In particular, the purulent process is characterized by the formation of pus in lacunae, which externally resembles a plaque in the form of plugs. If the gland is swollen, a severe temperature reaction develops, there is a sharp pain when swallowing, you should immediately seek help from a doctor, as this is probably a sore throat. This disease is fraught with a lot of distant complications, so it should be completely cured as soon as possible.
- There are also such causes of plaque as colds caused by viral infections, stomatitis. In the scientific literature, the presence of white color on the glands in the absence of any disease is called tonilolite. Quite often it is not possible to establish the cause of its appearance. It is considered that this situation is safe for the body and can pass by itself.
Characteristics of plaque
Most often, plugs in gaps are formed from dead cells of the mucous membrane, remnants of food, plaque from the teeth. The presence of a small lump can be regarded as a norm, and it can also be found in perfectly healthy individuals who simply have anatomically large lacunae. The structure of the plugs can be different, for example, loose or dense. The size also varies, sometimes they reach a centimeter in diameter. The color scheme can differ, the cork can be either completely white, or yellow, gray, sometimes green. Very rare formations of red or brown flowers.
Quite often they do not provoke a change in the general state of the body, and sometimes they pass by themselves. However, concomitant manifestations may become a smell from the mouth, which is due to the presence of microorganisms in the lacunae. Doctors say that this situation is more typical for those people who have chronic tonsillitis diagnosed. This does not require immediate antibiotic therapy, since it is only indicated if an acute or chronic infectious focus is detected.
A cork can pop out unaided while eating, coughing, sneezing. At this time the person does not experience any painful sensations, since there is no traumatization of the mucous membrane. However, after some time, the cork can return.
Treatment of the
problem Treatment is assigned according to the cause that caused the problem. It can be established after passing the examination, which is prescribed by the doctor.
- For example, candidiasis is prescribed antifungal drugs, as well as funds that help restore microflora in the mouth and intestines.
- If a person often suffers, then to fight against the plaque, chronic foci of infection in the body must be eliminated, after which a set of measures is carried out aimed at strengthening the immunity. If antibacterial therapy was prescribed, then antifungal and microflora-repairing agents should also be used.
- Purulent tonsillitis usually occurs with a high fever and a general intoxication of the body. In order to prevent the spread of the infection further, antibiotics are prescribed, and infusion therapy is performed, which allows to remove toxins. If the abscesses begin to affect a number of lying tissues, then an urgent consultation of an ENT doctor and infectious disease specialist is needed, since such formidable complications as paratonsillar abscess, necrosis of tissue can develop.
Usually people try to get rid of traffic jams. Those that lie on the surface often go out on their own, sometimes it is necessary to rinse the throat thoroughly. It should be noted that it is not recommended to try to remove the plugs that do not come out when rinsing. They can be tightly welded to the amygdala tissue, which will lead to profuse bleeding after removal. Also, bacteria in this case, in a large number of penetrate into the bloodstream. Doctors recommend the following ways to eliminate the plugs from the tonsils:
- Rinse the throat with hypertonic salt solution, decoctions of medicinal plants - chamomile, calendula;
- Visit to an ENT doctor who will remove the stoppers with a special device or wash them with a syringe;
- Treatment of tonsillitis, which will help reduce the formation of plaque and plugs on the tonsils or completely stop it;
- Tonsillectomy - surgical intervention aimed at removing the glands. It is resorted to in the case when there is a very frequent exacerbation of chronic tonsillitis, while they are very hard to leak.
It should be noted that any formations on the tonsils can talk about different diseases. Therefore, this situation requires examination by a doctor, self-medication is fraught with your health not only serious complications, as in angina, but also fatal, as in diphtheria.
