Diseases Of The Intestine
Diseases Of The Intestine

Small intestines: diseases, symptoms, treatment, diagnosis, signs

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2 Diseases of the most important part of the digestive tract

  1. Enteritis.

Chronic enteritis is an inflammation of the intestines, which is accompanied by impairment of its functions. The causes are causative agents of acute intestinal diseases. At the same time in the chronic stage of the disease these pathogens are already absent( postinfection process).The mechanism of the development of enteritis is this: bacteria enter the small intestine, where they can not be in healthy people;there is a dysbacteriosis, which subsequently leads to a violation of the production of intestinal enzymes and a weakening of the body's defense system. Also disturbed and motor function of the small intestine.

Symptoms of chronic enteritis are divided into subgroups:

  • Local intestinal manifestations( rumbling in the abdomen, pain around the navel, bloating, diarrhea);
  • general symptoms( sudden weight loss and inability to dial, impotence in men or menstruation in women).

There are so many ways to detect this disease, mainly they are performed by a gastroenterologist. After the examination, not only does the result become known, but certain treatment is prescribed, depending on the severity of the course of the disease.

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  1. Intolerance of certain carbohydrates.

Some people have such a feature as the lack of special enzymes in the body that are able to break down carbohydrates. For example, many are experiencing problems with the use of cane sugar, dairy products with lactose or fungi. For the cleavage of carbohydrates contained in these products, certain enzymes that can be absent in the human body from birth correspond. The most common lactose deficiency. It occurs when eating dairy products, manifested by rumbling in the stomach, diarrhea, bloating, and sometimes sharp pulling pains. Recognize this disease can be a gastroenterologist who, with the help of certain tests, must accurately determine whether there are no enzymes or a simple allergy to foods.

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With lactose deficiency, a diet is prescribed, excluding the consumption of milk and any dairy products. The patient can use only lactose-free foods, which in our time can be bought at any store.

Another way out of the situation, if the patient is not at all able to abandon the dairy products, you can consider pills that contain lactose. Patients are recommended to take this enzyme for 1-2 tablets before eating dairy products.

  1. Vascular diseases of the small intestine.

Blood comes from three large arteries that drain from the abdomen, directly into the small intestine. With the disease of blood vessels, blood begins to flow to the intestines in less quantity. In general, this disease is combined with atherosclerosis of vessels of other regions - the brain, the heart, limbs. As a result, a vascular disease develops, which in the common people is called the abdominal toad.

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The initial sign of the development of ailment are severe abdominal pains that occur about an hour after ingestion. Sometimes they can be so heavy that a person refuses to eat, and as a result, quite quickly loses a large body weight. Along with this, bloating and stooling may be present. If any of the symptoms are found, immediately contact the gastroenterologist.

Symptoms of all disorders of the small intestine are very similar, so sometimes doctors look for a problem in the intestine or stomach, but if a negative result is obtained, the thought of a problem with the vessels may arise, so you can not delay - it is better to initially identify the problem and take time to treat it. Vascular diseases are very dangerous, because if you do not take the necessary measures in time, the vessels can become completely clogged, which will lead to the development of a bowel infarction.

Patient prescribed a special diet, in which food should be taken 6 times a day in small portions. Of the drugs, vasodilators and enzyme preparations are prescribed in the main. If other methods of treatment do not show positive dynamics, then doctors perform an operation in which old vessels are replaced.

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  1. Whipple's disease

Picture 2 This disease is considered rare enough, during its development and progression, not only the small intestine, but also other organs can be affected. The cause of the development is the entry into the small intestine of specific bacteria called corynobacteria. After their penetration into the organs, the inflammatory process begins. Lymphatic tissues, intestines and other organs are literally flooded with macrophages( special cells), which block the lymph vessels, so they are filled with fat. This leads to a violation of the suction process. The patient rises body temperature, swells and blush joints, he quickly sheds weight, all groups of lymph nodes increase, and cramping pains appear in the lower abdomen.

To establish the correct diagnosis and not to confuse the symptoms, the specialist conducts special studies of the mucosa.

  1. Tumors.

In the small intestine, they are extremely rare. In most cases, tumors are benign, rarely you can find lymphomas or cancer. The disease manifests itself with sharp pains all around the perimeter of the abdomen, vomiting and bloating, as the emerging tumor complicates the flow of blood. This disease must be urgently treated. Symptoms that have manifested once, will only progress.

1 The main symptoms of diseases

In bowel disease, symptoms manifest themselves regardless of the cause of their occurrence.

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Most often, the patient suffers from diarrhea, complains of worsening of the stool, rumbling in the abdomen and bloating. Attacks of diarrhea occur 3 to 6 times a day, with the chair very different from the usual: it can see undigested food, but there is often no trace of mucus or blood. Bloating and rumbling are mostly painful for the patient in the afternoon. Often there are pains in the lower abdomen on the right side or near the navel.

Picture 1

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A rather characteristic symptom is the extraintestinal signs of the disease. There are a lot of them, but basically all of them are explained by the violation of digestion of food and as a result - the cessation of absorption by the body of nutrients such as minerals, vitamins and salts. The patient can lose weight very sharply and continue to lose weight, can develop inflammation of the mouth, tongue, dry eyes, anemia, jaundice( angular stomatitis).The work of the endocrine glands is broken, as a result of which the menstrual cycle can change in women, and in men the impotence may develop.

3 Allergic reactions

In case of an allergic reaction, the lesion of the small intestine can be either a component of the general reaction of the organism to an allergen, or an independent manifestation. Enteropathy is mainly the result of exposure to drugs, food antigens or a reaction to pollen from plants.

Picture 3 Symptoms of allergic reactions:

  • cramping pain;
  • rumbling in the abdomen;
  • diarrhea;
  • constant urge to the toilet;
  • increase in body temperature;
  • nausea.

Often worsening of the condition is associated with the use of a specific medication or food. But basically these symptoms are combined with other manifestations of allergies( itching, skin rashes).It is quite difficult to diagnose in such a situation, these unpleasant sensations require examination by a specialist.

Treatment can be greatly facilitated if you find the cause - to identify the allergen. Here you can go by the method of exclusion - of course, under the supervision of a doctor.

4 Treatment of diseases

Treatment of diseases of the small intestine is a rather difficult task( due to the similarity of symptoms), but it is quite feasible. From the patient it is required only observance of prescriptions of the doctor, a little persistence and patience, and also observance of a certain diet.

Picture 4 For all problems with the small intestine, you can eat:

  • bakery products;
  • vegetable soups;
  • boiled or steamed meat or fish;
  • puree, casseroles and other side dishes from vegetables;
  • pasta, cereals;
  • eggs;
  • fruit;
  • milk.

The second and most important method of treatment is the effect on dysbiosis. The purpose of the action is to normalize the work of the intestine. For this purpose, the doctor-specialist prescribes the patient antimicrobial drugs. After the course of these drugs, when presumably all the most aggressive microbes are suppressed, the patient is prescribed bacterial medications. They contain good, useful microbes that are present in the healthy intestines of every person. These are our assistants, they guard and ensure the normal operation of the small intestine.

During illness, the intestine reduces the production of enzymes, which guarantee the normal absorption of nutrients. Therefore, the patient is prescribed a course of enzymes and vitamins to restore the body's vitality.

Diagnosis of the disease - this is a fairly complex occupation, which can be handled only by a specialist gastroenterologist. It is almost impossible to identify the cause independently, unless the patient has a certain knowledge in medicine. If there are sharp pains in the abdomen and there is a chance that it touches the intestine, the symptoms will not help with an accurate determination of the cause of their occurrence. Therefore it is necessary to hurry to the doctor, in time to reveal disease and to start treatment. It is never possible to bring the illnesses of this sphere to the chronic stage - it's easier to get rid of the problem when it first appeared.

Contents of
  • 1 Main symptoms of diseases
  • 2 Diseases of the major part of the digestive tract
  • 3 Allergic reactions
  • 4 Treatment of diseases

The small intestine plays a very important role in the digestive system. After all, it is in it that the processes of digestion of food and absorption of substances take place. Later on, the cells and tissues of humans are constructed from these substances. Symptoms that arise from a small intestine disease are sufficiently monotonous and are covered by such a concept as malabsorption, or a syndrome of impairment of normal absorption.

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