1 Types of poisoning

There are several types of poisoning, among them food, chemical. As a rule, all food poisoning occurs as a result of infection of the intestine with pathogenic toxins and microbes belonging to protein poisons. The main reason for this is a violation of the rules of storage and cooking food. You can also get poisoned by products that were fresh at the time of purchase, but under the influence of room temperature, the toxins of staphylococcus began to multiply in them. In addition, foods can initially be contaminated as a result of being prepared from an already sick animal.

Poor food can cause poisoning associated with infection with paratyphoid, salmonella, typhoid and other infections. Severe forms of food poisoning can lead to the development of dysbacteriosis and intestinal infections that occur in a chronic form. In these types of poisoning, the characteristic symptoms are:

• cramping pains in the abdominal region;
• diarrhea;
• vomiting;
• increased body temperature;
• headache.

The most serious poisoning is botulism. The process of intoxication occurs within a few hours or days. In an anoxic environment, botulinum bacillus spores multiply much faster. This kind of bacteria is difficult to kill. They are insensitive to high temperatures. The toxins of this bacterium can affect the nervous system.

The main symptom distinguishing this disease from other types of poisoning is, in addition to vomiting and diarrhea, a mesh before the eyes. The patient is disturbed by speech function and swallowing reflex, paralysis of muscles develops. Within five days the patient can die, therefore the slightest signs of botulism should become a signal for an urgent call of an ambulance. Treat this type of poisoning by injecting into the body of a special anti-botulinum serum.

Of chemical poisoning is to distinguish the defeat of the body pesticides, drugs, poor ecology.

2 First aid

For usual types of poisoning, it is sufficient to rinse the stomach with a weak solution of potassium permanganate and induce an artificial emetic reflex. The procedure should be done until the released liquid becomes transparent. You can give the patient a laxative. This will speed up the process of cleaning the body of harmful toxins. As a means of relaxing the intestine, you can use a salt laxative: 20 g of magnesium sulphate dissolve in a glass of water. To avoid dehydration, it is necessary to drink a sufficient amount of liquid. For an adult, the fluid should not be less than 2 liters per day, for a child - it should be given 2 sips after each attack of vomiting or diarrhea.

Recommendations that indicate what to do with food poisoning - botulism and other species - are the same. It is necessary to thoroughly wash the stomach. You can use absorbent preparations for this purpose: activated carbon, potassium permanganate solution, abundant drink.

After poisoning and washing the stomach, it is recommended to put heat on your feet and drink a hot drink. Poisonings of varying severity are treated with sulfanilamides - Ftalazol, Sulgin, in some cases antibiotic therapy is used.

3 What to do if there is a temperature

How to bring down the temperature? A frequent phenomenon is the temperature of food poisoning. A rise in body temperature over a long period of time can accelerate the biochemical reactions of the body, activate the immune system. If poisoning is observed with a temperature of up to 38.5 ° C, it should not be knocked down in any case. If the temperature keeps at a poisoning above 38 ° С, there is a febrile condition, it is necessary to watch especially attentively the state of health of the patient. If it worsens, call an ambulance.

If the patient has chronic diseases, the harmful processes that occur in the body during poisoning with temperature, lead to exacerbation of the ailments. Particular attention is paid to suffering endocrine, cardiovascular, circulatory system diseases. In this case, even a temperature of 38 ° C should be knocked down necessarily. To bring down the temperature during poisoning, you can use the following methods:

• put a cold compress;
• hold the vinegar wrap;
• wipe with water at room temperature;
• use antipyretic drugs;
• resort to methods of traditional medicine;
• drink enough fluids.

Antipyretics may be used only at temperatures above 39 ° C.Consultation of a doctor is necessary in order to, by knocking down the temperature, not to damage the intestinal microflora with the active substances that make up such preparations.

4 Infant poisoning with

temperature Poisoning accompanied by fever in a child is a great danger for him. As a result, dehydration begins.

If the temperature during poisoning does not decrease and there are symptoms of intoxication, the following recommendations should be adhered to:

1. It is impossible to bring down the heat, the indicator of which is more than 38.5 ° С.If a child has a chronic illness, complicated by poisoning, then this can lead to loss of consciousness, convulsions, chills.
2. The best option is to conduct water procedures in the form of rubbing. A child under 3 years of age should carry out such procedures with a damp cloth or towel. It is necessary to use a solution of vinegar with water for this purpose. You can put a napkin on the forehead for a few minutes for the baby.
3. As in modern children's antipyretic agents a lot of dyes and flavors, it is better not to use them for poisoning because of the likelihood of harm to the intestines.
4. Antipyretic preparations of groups Analgin, Aspirin and Amidopyrin are categorically contraindicated for the child because of their side effects for the child's body.
5. Before the child is 15 years old, one of the most effective means of knocking down the temperature is Paracetamol, which is released as syrups or suspensions.
6. In case of diarrhea and temperature, do not use fixing agents. This can provoke severe consequences as a result of the existing inflammatory process and the activation of toxins in the body.

If the temperature during poisoning increases, the baby's condition does not improve, you should consult a doctor for a more serious therapeutic treatment program.

When treating a child, you must follow certain rules that will help you get better recovery. Doctors do not recommend taking medication for more than 5 days. If after the expiry of this period there is no positive effect, you must call an ambulance.

At home, you can use a solution consisting of 1 liter of boiled water, 3 tbsp.l.sugar and 1 tsp.salt. You can buy a drug in the pharmacy Regidron. For a small child, you can apply an enema with starch jelly. The danger of temperature in poisoning is that together with it, such processes in the child's body can become more active, such as a fever that provokes inflammatory changes in the internal organs. High temperature in children, associated with poisoning, requires hospitalization, since it is impossible to predict the consequences of its effects on the child's body.

5 Nontraditional methods of treatment

In addition to medical and local forms of treatment, doctors recommend using other methods of influence on the sick organism. One of these is massage. This method of Chinese medicine gives a good result in food poisoning to an adult and a child. Massage is carried out as follows.

The patient is laid face down and begins massaging movements to treat the spine and those parts of the back and neck that are adjacent to him. He can perform other actions independently:

• lie on his back and massage the area above the navel with a thumb pad;
• press about 40 times at the point between the eyebrows;
• press down about 40 times in a place located at a finger's distance from the outside of the eyebrow.

Great importance in the treatment of poisoning, complicated by temperature increase, and also after its passage has dietary nutrition, aimed at restoring the functions of the intestine and the state of its mucosa. First of all, it is necessary to refuse aggressive food: salty, fried, spicy, fatty. Exclude carbonated and strong drinks. Preference should be given to sour-milk products, biocheto, mashed potatoes, cereals, soups on low-fat broth. It is good to drink a course of drugs that restore the intestinal microflora.

6 Folk remedies

The treatment of poisonings with fever for children includes the use of a cleansing enema. It is made on the basis of a decoction of chamomile flowers. It has a sedative and anti-inflammatory effect. For a basis take 4 flowers of a camomile chemist's and 1 liter of boiled water. The mixture is heated in a water bath. This drug can be consumed and administered 200 ml twice a day.

Helps to remove symptoms of poisoning and bring down the temperature of decoction of dill with honey.

Better helps fresh fennel, but you can use it dry. Take 1 tsp.herbs or 0.5 tsp.seeds. Pour a glass of boiling water and rinse for 20 minutes on low heat. Add the boiled water to the prepared broth to make up for its original composition. After the broth put 1 tbsp.l.honey. Drink such a remedy for half a glass a day for 30 minutes before eating.

Well the althaea and all its components are good: root, leaves, flowers. Finely chopped root in an amount of 1 tbsp.l.pour a glass of boiled water. Insist 30 minutes. Filter and add a little honey. Drink 1 tbsp.l.adults and 1 tsp.children.

Ginger tea is recognized as an effective means for poisoning accompanied by high temperature. For its preparation 1 tbsp.l.ground ginger pour a glass of boiling water and insist 20 minutes. Every half an hour a drink is taken at 1 tbsp.l. To improve the taste, you can add honey or sugar.

Strengthen the body, as well as drive out pathogenic toxins, help tincture Eleutherococcus, astragalus, seaweed. These funds can be purchased at pharmacies. When poisoning is recommended to drink more liquids. It is better to cook broths of rowan fruits, dogrose. With diarrhea, special decoctions of rice and flax seed are prepared.

Great importance should be paid to the prevention of poisoning. The most necessary conditions to avoid them are: clean hands, quality food and the right conditions for their storage. Such simple rules will help to avoid poisoning, and with them and big problems that worsen health.