1 Clinical picture

Normally, the pancreas secretes digestive enzymes designed to break down proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. On the ducts of the gland they drain into the lumen of the duodenum and take part in the further processes of digesting food. If the organ for some reason swells or inflames, pancreatitis begins, the treatment of which at an early stage is much faster than when it is started. However, people often turn to doctors, already when indigestible diarrhea or vomiting develops.

Patients with pancreatitis can suffer from pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, bloating andetc. Some of the symptoms of the disease can predominate and cause great discomfort, compared with the rest. No doubt, you need to start with a full survey. First, it is necessary in order not to miss other pathologies: problems with the stomach, duodenum, etc. Secondly, you need to determine the severity of pancreatitis. All this information is important for a gastroenterologist, since on its basis it will formulate a strategy for the treatment of pancreatitis.

In general, pancreatitis is treated with different groups of drugs. Not in all cases the patient is prescribed a standard kit. The appointment takes place individually, depending on the condition, the doctor can recommend enzymes in capsules or micro granulated. The latter have a prolonged action and are absorbed much more quickly.

In addition, it is important to keep in touch with your doctor, as medications have side effects and can cause additional health problems. If they harm the patient, the doctor will advise the alternative drug or adjust the therapy in another way.

Medical treatment of pancreatitis includes a number of drugs.

2 Antifoam agents and antibiotics

These drugs for the treatment of pancreatitis have a depressing effect on specific enzymes. In particular, inhibitors of proteolytic enzymes in the early stages of pancreatitis prevent and stop necrosis of the pancreas, as well as the development of inflammatory processes associated with pancreatic necrosis. Most often appoint Kontrikal, Gordoks, Ingitril, Pantrypine. People with allergic reactions when taking these medicines should use antihistamines( Zodak, Cetirizine, Suprastin, etc.).

Remember that Ingithril is contraindicated in diseases that cause increased blood clotting. Inhibitors of fibrinolysis( Tranexam, Aminocaproic acid) have a specific hemostatic effect in internal bleeding and during surgical operations. Only a specialist can understand these cobwebs of chemical and biological reactions.

If the patient has fever, there is vomiting and severe pain, usually a combination of several broad-spectrum antibiotics from different groups is prescribed. For example, a doctor can prescribe an antibiotic from the group of cephalosporins( Ceftriaxone, Cefotaxime) with aminoglycoside( Amikacin, Netilmicin);aminoglycoside with lincosamine( Clindamycin, Vancomycin), cephalosporin with fluoroquinolone( Abaktal, Zoflox), cephalosporin with penicillins( Amoxiclav, etc.).The combination and dosage depends on the severity of the disease.

Antibiotic therapy is designed to reduce inflammation in the pancreas and surrounding tissues, eaten by pancreatic juice. This is done in order to avoid the formation of dead spots inside the pancreas, peritonitis, abscess of the omentum bag and other life-threatening complications.

3 Enzyme preparations and antispasmodics

Enzyme preparations for pancreatitis are necessary for normalization of digestion, elimination of nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. In addition, they provide functional rest of the body, and the protease, lipase and amylase included in their composition improve the digestion and absorption of proteins, fats and carbohydrates into the blood.

In case of exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis, the doctor may prescribe Creon. In a conventional gelatin capsule, Creon contains many microcapsules of the drug, including pancreatin, amylase, lipase, and proteinase. This form of drug provides a sustained and gradual release of the basic substance in comparison with the tablet form. Creon quickly removes pancreatic diarrhea and bloating.

Pancreatin is released in the form of tablets, coated with enteric coating. It contains less enzymes, so it is better suited for uncomplicated cases of pancreatitis. Along with this, Mezim Forte is found, as well as combined drugs that can fight biliary tract problems: Pankurmen, Enzistal, Digestal, Festal.

If the patient has a decrease in secretory function of the gastrointestinal tract, he can appoint Pansinorm Fort. The composition of the drug includes bile acids, pancreatin, hydrochloric acid and hydrochlorides of amino acids. After the examination, the doctor will figure out which of the listed medicines is suitable for treating pancreatitis in your case.

Treatment of the pancreas with drugs can not do without the use of antispasmodics. They reduce the tone of the muscles of the gland, reduce pain and facilitate the removal of enzymes from the organ into the 12-colon. Most often apply Drotaverin or all the known No-shpu. When exacerbating the drug is injected. When vomiting injections of Drotaverina combined with a sedative neuroleptic. In addition, apply Mebeverin, Papaverin, Spazmol, Spasmoman, Riabal and others.

4 Cholinolytic drugs and antacids

These drugs are mainly used to prevent or reduce the effects of acetylcholine and cholinomimetic compounds, that is, to relieve spasm of smooth muscles of internal organs. Treatment of chronic pancreatitis is often carried out by selective n-holinoblokatorami( Pirenzepin, Gastal, Gastrozipinom).M-holinolitiki - Spazmolitin, Metatsin, Platifillin and Chlorokhin - are used as a means of relieving spasms.

Antacids are aimed at neutralizing the hydrochloric acid contained in the gastric juice. Decreased production of hydrochloric acid leads to a decrease in the secretory function of the pancreas. For the treatment of pancreatitis, non-absorbable aluminum-magnesium antacids-Alumag, Almagel, Maalox, Altacid, Palmagel, Maalukol, Gastracid, etc., are commonly used. The aluminum and magnesium hydroxide contained in the preparation neutralizes hydrochloric acid and reduces the production of pepsin. In addition, the medicine has a local anesthetic effect and mild laxative effect. Pain sensations in the upper abdomen after eating in patients with pancreatitis are most often associated with increased pressure inside the ducts of the inflamed and swollen pancreas. Antacids reduce the amount of hydrochloric acid and reduce the production of pancreatic juice, thereby removing excess pressure. It should be noted that nonabsorbable antacids reduce the pH of the medium in the stomach to a physiological value of 3-4, which does not prevent the gastric juice from having an antimicrobial effect and normally digesting the food.

Depending on the severity of the symptoms, the doctor can recommend a remedy that better eliminates bloating, for example, Almagel Neo( it includes Simethicone) or Maalox. It is very effective for heartburn and severe pain Almagel A( with an anesthetic component Benzocaine).

If the listed medicines do not cope with pronounced manifestations of flatulence, the gastroenterologist can prescribe Simethicone( Espumizan), Dimethicone - the so-called defoamers. Antacids are always combined with the use of secretion inhibitors.

5 H2-blockers of histamine receptors

The drugs that suppress the production of gastric juice include H2-blockers of histamine receptors. This process in turn reduces the secretion of enzymes by the pancreas and reduces its edema. The most popular drug of this group is Famotidine( Kwamatel), it is used to treat both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Along with this, Ranitidine and Nizatidine are used.

Only pancreatitis can not be treated with medicine, because success largely depends on compliance with all necessary conditions:

1. Bed rest.
2. 2-3 day fasting to ensure functional rest of the body. During this period, a warm alkaline mineral water "Slavyanskaya", "Borjomi" without gas, and a weak infusion of dogrose and a little sweet tea are allowed.
3. Compliance with a special diet for 3-4 weeks.

In the delicate matter of treating pancreatitis, drugs play a dominant role, but do not discount the influence of dietary nutrition. Without this component, treatment will be unpromising. In acute pancreatitis or exacerbation of the chronic form of the disease, alcohol and fatty foods are prohibited. Until the state of health improves, it is necessary to avoid smoking, pickles, fried foods, spices and seasonings. The patient should take small meals 5-6 times a day. In order not to load the digestive system, food should be eaten in a crushed or grated form. The slightest deviation from a diet can provoke a second attack of pancreatitis.

A sparing diet for pancreatitis includes mucous soups, liquid porridges passed through a blender, soufflé from boiled low-fat meat, puree from vegetables( except beets and pumpkin), protein omelette for steaming, fruit juice jelly, yesterday's bread. All food should be warm( not hot and not cold), liquid or semi-liquid. Food should be cooked or steamed. Some restrictions apply to milk, sour-milk products and eggs.

If, after 2 weeks of a similar diet, the patient has abdominal pain, diarrhea, bloating, and other manifestations of the disease, the doctor may authorize switching to an unprocessed diet. Remember that the treatment of pancreatitis with various types of medication does not always help, in which case you have to do a surgical operation, which has its own peculiarities and consequences.