What is the peculiarity of gonarthrosis of the knee joint of the 2 nd degree

Gonarthrosis refers to the damage to the cartilage and bony growths that occur on the joint, xytic irritation of the joint tissue.

Knee Osteoarthritis - is a degenerative-dystrophic disorder .

This deviation is of 3 degrees of severity, the most common is gonarthrosis of the knee joint of the 2nd degree, because only at this stage people notice the disease and are engaged in treatment.

Now the disease has no age restrictions, appearing even among young people because of injuries.

reasons

disease the main cause ofdisease is a mechanical factor.

Microtraumatization of the cartilage of the joint is observed, which is why its destruction begins. As a consequence - the load on individual parts of the joint surface increases, and then - its destruction.

It has also been shown that, with this disorder, changes in metabolic processes in the cartilage of .These changes consist in decreasing the amount of chondroitin sulfate, which is a special component of cartilage.

There are such causes of the lesion:

• fractures of the bones of the knee joint;
• arthrosis in Paget's disease;
• bone formation;
• rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis.

The stages of the disease

In development, the deviation goes through several stages:

1. The initial stage of the disorder is the initial stage of the disorder, which is often neglected by patients. With it periodically there are pains, sometimes the composition swells, deformation of the joint is insignificant and imperceptible.
2. Grade 2 gonarthrosis is already significantly more serious, and therefore requires more attention, pains appear both after sleep and during physical exertion on the joint. On the x-ray, deformation of the subchondral parts of the bones and a decrease in the joint gap are observed. This degree is accompanied by the rapid fatigue of and the occurrence of moderate pain in the knee. Also a sign of difficulty in flexing and flexing, combined with a crunch in the joint, deformation and an increase in the volume of the knee is observed.
3. The third stage of the is the heaviest stage. It is characterized by pain, arising both during movement and at rest, meteorological dependence is observed. The gait is greatly disturbed, the mobility of the joint is limited.

Types of the disease

There are such types of gonarthrosis:

• right-sided deforming arthrosis, affecting the right knee;
• left-sided is a disease that causes lesions in the left knee joint;
• unilateral - arthrosis, affecting only one knee;
• bilateral - a disease of both knees.

Basically, in the latter case, the cartilage tissues in both joints are destroyed at the same speed, but sometimes the lesion of one joint progresses faster than the other - it may be related to the specific work or sport that the patient is engaged in, as well as to congenital deformity of the joints.

Symptoms and symptoms of the disease

Arthrosis of the 2nd degree is more intense, and its manifestations are more disturbing to the patients.

Pain in the broken joint is increasing and increasing. In addition to the standard pains that appear in the morning or after a long rest, pain occurs after a long walk or standing. They last long and pass only at rest after a while.

Pain often increases with exercise. Patients spare the sick knee and try not to step on the leg slightly. Because of this, there may be underdevelopment of the muscles of the affected leg.

If you fail at this stage, there is a crunch in the knee. As the changes develop, it increases and becomes more pronounced.

At this stage of the disease, the first manifestations of deformity of the unhealthy joint are observed. Patients often can not fully bend their legs in the knee.

Diagnostic Techniques

Grade 2 gonarthrosis mainly occurs after the first stage of the disease, so the diagnosis of the patient is usually already known to the doctor. The progression of the lesion is indicated by the appearance of new manifestations: pain intensification, joint deformation, mobility limitation, crunch.

Diagnosis consists of interviewing a patient, checking the volume of movement in the joint and examining the joint itself. Naturally, according to this information, only preliminary conclusions are made, and the leading ones are instrumental methods of diagnosis.

Most often this is the x-ray of the joints. Depending on the general picture of the disorder, the stage of the disease is determined. Also, if gonarthrosis is detected, arthroscopy and ultrasound are used.

How to treat

disease When diagnosed, treatment of grade 2 gonarthrosis should begin without delay. First you need to "unload" the joint.

This is achieved in several ways:

• weight loss;
• load limit;
• using a walking stick or crutches;
• exercises physical therapy, aimed at strengthening the muscles of the aching legs.

For this, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs( ibuprofen, ketoprofen), non-narcotic pain medications are prescribed.

Arthrosis preparations containing cartilage tissue components( chondroitin-sulfate, glucosamine) are effective. They contribute to the restoration of cartilage, i.e.help the body repair it. They can be taken in tablets, in the form of injections in the muscle, ointment or cream.

In some cases, injections of hyaluronic acid into the joint can be prescribed. In the absence of inflammation, physiotherapy can be used.

Physical exercises should always accompany the treatment of any form of arthrosis. Gymnastics anticipates the development of contractures, retains muscle tone. Movement is the anticipation of any arthrosis.

Physiotherapeutic measures quickly eliminate pain, inflammation and restore the volume of movements in the knee. Laser and UHF therapy, phonophoresis, and massage are used. All procedures are appointed by a specialist.

Knee joints and rigid orthoses are used to fix the knee.

Surgery

With obvious disruption of the joint, the uselessness of conservative treatment and the destruction of cartilage, surgical methods are used:

• endoprosthetics - replacing the affected joint with an artificial one;
• osteotomy - excision of bone changes or restoration of the limb axis;
• arthroscopic intervention is performed by instruments inserted through the puncture of the skin in the knee. By means of this low-traumatic method, parts of the destroyed cartilage are extracted from the joint cavity, drugs are introduced.

Read more about the treatment of knee joint gonarthrosis in our article.

Treatment of knee joint gonarthrosis - medications, chondroprotectors, sport and diet

Knee joint gonarthrosis is a common disease that is a gradual drying out of cartilage tissue that causes joint deformity. ..

Forecast and complications

When the joint is damaged, the biomechanics of the spine and other joints,which causes the appearance of a herniated intervertebral disc and arthritis of other joints.

Treatment is carried out for life, because the process is constantly progressing. But with a competent selection of funds and timely start of treatment, it is possible to significantly stop the process and prevent disability.

Preventive techniques

Prevention consists in:

• weight control and its reduction with excess body weight;
• regular physical education;
• preventing large loads on the knees;
• for injuries or inflammation of the knee - an urgent request to a specialist for help.

Gonarthrosis is a chronic disorder that is aggravated over time. In order for the process not to become neglected, every effort should be made to prevent and treat under the supervision of experienced doctors.

Video: Knee joint gonarthrosis 2-3 degrees

The use of shock wave therapy( UVT) for the treatment of gonarthrosis of the knee joint is 2-3 degrees.