What is ergotherapy: principles, training and application

The health of the human body is one of the most important aspects of life, and it is displayed not only in good physical condition, but also in a psychological mood, as many problems are pressured over many years by people( which negatively affects their overall condition).

Also, when we are overtaken by the disease, it has the strongest psychological load( irritability, fatigue and nervousness appear).Ergotherapy is used to restore the most important functions and skills lost in the process of diseases.

Features and objectives of the

procedure The very concept of ergotherapy has come to modernmedical literature from the Latin word ergon, which means work, occupation and work, and therapy - treatment. Thus, the name and decipher the main essence of this technique - treatment by working on yourself.

This medical section studies methods and various ways of restoring the motor activity of the limbs with the help of therapeutic gymnastics and playing sports.

The purpose of occupational therapy( the second name of the method) is not just to restore lost motor functions, but also to re-adapt a person to normal life, to help him achieve maximum independence and independence in everyday life.

However, ergotherapy is not just a special therapeutic gymnastics aimed at training fine motor skills and coordination, and other neuralgic aspects. This technique includes knowledge of several specialties - psychology, pedagogy, sociology, biomechanics and physical therapy.

With the help of labor therapy, not only motor, but also cognitive and emotional possibilities are improved.

In simpler terms, ergotherapy is a medical science that is designed to improve the lives of people whose mobility abilities are significantly limited.

Occupational therapy is a rather complicated and mixed complex of various measures aimed at complete rehabilitation of the whole organism and restoration of the opportunity to engage in ordinary affairs for people with disabilities.

Well, the ergotherapist doctor, in turn, does everything possible to re-teach his patient to take care of himself and live a full life.

History of the formation and development of

Ergotherapy has existed for more than 60 years and it began its development after a multitude of military events, when crippled soldiers for life began to return home from the front.

They all needed rehabilitation, because such a state inflicted an incredible blow to the patient's mental state and then American neurologists began to develop ways of rehabilitating the military and in a few months the world saw a new medical science of ergotherapy, the specialists who taught the patients to adapt to the prevailing circumstances of life.

In addition, this medical science has a certain context. According to the doctors who developed it, it carries a message in order to learn new things, since a person who has lost his functions becomes too passive, his desire to live is simply trivial, and the learning process makes him think more, helps to distract himself and thus to a personit is easier to accept your disability.

Basic principles of

The basic principles of labor therapy are as follows:

• when planning treatment, the attending physician takes into account all the characteristics of the patient;
• treatment therapy is directly aimed at performing meaningful actions together with a doctor who help to rehabilitate the client;
• constantly active scientific practice helps to find new ways and methods for conducting ergotherapy;
• during the treatment therapy the physician must take into account and take into account the different cultural norms and customs of the patient;

Fields of application

Ergotherapy has found its response in many medical fields, since it is a key part of the majority of rehabilitation activities, most often occupational therapy is used in neurology.

So, the ergotherapist helps to recover the patient with paralysis of the body, problems with the musculoskeletal system, after a stroke or craniocerebral trauma.

Occupational therapy is also often used in the treatment of psychological illnesses( specialists help people with mental disabilities live a normal life and take care of themselves, outside the medical institutions).

But, regardless of the method of application of this medical science, the specialist chooses an individual approach to learning and communicating with the patient. For this, a variety of computational methods are used.

Features of ergotherapy for stroke and cerebral palsy

As mentioned above, ergotherapy is not only a set of gymnastic exercises, but is a complex method of rehabilitation, which is selected individually for each patient. To provide comprehensive rehabilitation measures, the attending physician takes into account not only the patient's condition, but also the surrounding environment, the nature of the disease, its lifestyle, personal preferences and much more.

Ergotherapy in stroke is a series of various gymnastic exercises that are aimed at training fine motor skills, memory, speech and restoration of coordination.

In rehabilitation after a stroke, the attending physician applies not only medical but also pedagogical, sociological and physical methods of therapy. To date, many methods of recovery after a stroke have been developed and the doctor chooses the most optimal for his patient.

In turn, ergotherapy for children with cerebral palsy is more aimed at developing independence in young patients. That is, homemade service, and in the future and training. In labor therapy for cerebral palsy, psychological rehabilitation methods of treatment are used, which are a complex of psychological measures aimed at developing confidence and self-reliance.

For this, both individual and group sessions are used in the form of conversations, games, tests and much more. Also, the attending physician takes into account the peculiarities of the child's psyche and selects an individual approach to the child.

Methods of occupational therapy

With ergotherapy, two main methods are used:

1. Self-service method , used for patients with hemiparesis, paraparesis, ataxia, apraxia, hyperkinesis.
2. Technique for increasing the patient's productivity .This method teaches the patient various ways of handling kitchen utensils and personal hygiene products. Applicable for wheelchair users, patients who suffer from neuralgic and mental disorders.

Where to get training and the price of the

question The training in the use of ergotherapy is carried out in all medical universities in the country. After training, new specialists can work in specialized rehabilitation centers.

In our country, the passage of the course of occupational therapy to the patient will cost 10,000 rubles with the condition of living in the hospital( that is, placing in a stationary department with meals and a clear schedule of the whole day).

The length of the course of treatment depends on the patient and the speed of his training.