A habitual dislocation of the shoulder often occurs with the most common movements in the joint.
According to statistics, such a violation accounts for 16% of all dislocations occurring in the shoulder joint.
As a rule, the first repeated dislocation occurs six months after the correction of the primary injury. After that, such violations can be repeated up to ten times a year.
- Anatomy of the shoulder joint
- Anatomy of the shoulder joint
- Mechanism of development of the dislocation
- What kinds of injuries are most common
- Characteristic symptoms of injury
- How to provide first aid
- Reasons and peculiarities of trauma development
- Methods of trauma treatment
- Surgery techniques
- Combined operations
- Recovery period
- Price framework forsurgical intervention
- They got through a shoulder injury and cured it
- The launched disease is fraught with complications
Anatomy of the shouldersJoint
The shoulder joint includes three components: the scapula, the clavicle and the head of the shoulder bone.
On the extreme part of the cavity is located the joint lip - it helps to keep the head in a normal position.
The connective tissues of the capsule are a system of ligaments of the shoulder. It helps to maintain the position of the head of the shoulder bone in relation to the cavity.
Bundles firmly connect with a thin capsule. In addition, the shoulder joint is surrounded by strong muscles and tendons - they 
contribute to its stability.
The shoulder is considered the most mobile joint of the human body. It is it that allows you to raise your hand, wind it behind your back, etc.
Movement in the shoulder joint can be performed in three planes, but a high volume of activity leads to a decrease in its stability, which often causes various damages.
Mechanism of development of dislocation
The stability of this joint lies in the ability of the head to maintain its normal position.
Due to this, it is not displaced in relation to the cavity of the blade under the influence of various factors. If, during the movement of the head of the bone leaves the articular cavity, it is about the instability of the shoulder joint.
It is the high volume of movements that makes it possible to make a shoulder joint, leading to a loss of its stability. Therefore often dislocations and even ruptures of the joint capsule .
What types of injuries are most common
There are quite a few varieties of dislocations - these injuries are usually divided according to different classification criteria.
In particular, there are such dislocations:
- congenital ;
- acquired non-traumatic origin - chronic, arbitrary, pathological dislocations;
- acquired the traumatic origin - this category includes fractures, open shoulder dislocations, pathologically repeated dislocations.
Approximately 60% of cases in patients are diagnosed with traumatic forms of impairment. This can be explained by the anatomical features of the articular cavity and the head of the shoulder bone.
In the direction of displacement, these types of dislocations are distinguished:
- Front .This disorder occurs in about 98% of cases. It often becomes a consequence of traumatic injury or occurs spontaneously in unsuccessful movement. In this case, the head of the bone is shifted forward.
- Rear .This is a more rare form of disorder - diagnosed in 1-2% of cases. Such dislocation usually occurs in the event that a person falls on an outstretched arm. As a result, a separation of the lips takes place in the posterior part.
- Lower .Such dislocations are very rarely diagnosed. In this case, the head of the bone is shifted downward. A characteristic feature of the dislocation is that a person is not able to lower his hand and must keep it from above.
Characteristic trauma symptoms
Primary dislocation of the shoulder joint is characterized by pain caused by a soft tissue rupture .
In the case of repeated injuries, the pain becomes less pronounced, and subsequently disappears altogether. This is due to the degenerative processes that occur in the ligaments and the cartilaginous tissue.
Because the head of the bone is receiving an incorrect position, the motor activity is restricted. Due to permanent displacements of the head, the shoulder joint deforms.
Also, the shoulder, hand and forearm may lose sensitivity - this is due to swelling or nerves.
For the damage, the following symptoms are typical:
- Weishtein symptom - active and passive shoulder movements and elbow bending are limited.
- Symptom Golyakhovsky - impaired mobility of the injured shoulder, if a person stands with his back 30 cm from the wall and tries to reach it with a brush.
- Babich's symptom - passive movements are limited compared to active ones.
- Symptom Khitrov - the distance between the acromial process and the tubercle of the shoulder increases as it is pulled downward.
Another distinctive feature is the repetition of this violation within two years after the injury. In addition, this damage is characterized by hypotrophy of the muscular tissue of the shoulder girdle, as well as the shoulder straps.
How to Provide First Aid
If you dislocate, you can hang your arm on a special bandage. 
The scarf must be a piece of fabric that has tied ends. He is put on his neck and used to support his hand.
Also, before a visit to a doctor, a person should exclude any movements with his shoulder and apply ice 15 minutes after the injury.
In addition, non-professional correction often provokes damage to blood vessels or nerves. The shoulder can only be placed under anesthesia.
Causes and features of the development of trauma
The main causes of injury:
- complex primary dislocation;
- inadequate primary dislocation therapy;
- untimely visit to the doctor;
- premature removal of immobilization;
- appearance of a depressed defect.
To the provoking factors of the appearance of habitual dislocation include the following:
- large sizes of the head of bone;
- small size and insufficient concavity of the articular cavity;
- extended joint capsule;
- insufficient joint fixation with muscle tissue.
Traumatic dislocation is a consequence of the impact of traumatic force. The joint capsule in this case is stretched, and then torn.
In this case, the head of the bone leaves the joint cavity. The joint lip can come off the hollow. Often with a dislocation, the tendon of the biceps muscle is torn.
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Methods of trauma treatment
Conservative methods of therapy can be used only in the case of primary dislocation and in the event that a person's age does not exceed thirty years.
In this case, it is necessary to put the head of the humerus in place, after which a tire is applied for a long period, which helps to immobilize the hand.
If the number of habitual dislocations does not exceed 2-3, can prescribe curative gymnastics and massage. Thanks to these measures, it is possible to strengthen the muscles of the shoulder girdle.
In most cases, treatment of the habitual dislocation of the shoulder without surgery does not yield results and trauma is treated surgically.
Surgical Techniques
People with this diagnosis need to undergo surgery in a hospital. 
There are quite a few types of procedures that help to cope with the usual dislocation of the shoulder:
- operation on the capsule of the shoulder joint;
- creation of ligaments for fixing the head;
- removal of bone defects with artificial bone stops;
- change in muscle length.
Combined operations
If a person has a habitual dislocation of the shoulder, then modern low-traumatic types of operations are used.
To attach the severed lip of the joint, perform arthroscopy - this operation requires only two punctures.
Recovery period
The time limit for joint mobility lasts from ten days to several weeks. During the recovery period, massage, electrical stimulation of muscle tissue and special exercises are performed.
After the operation, exercises are used to strengthen. Initially, exercise should be done under the guidance of an instructor, and then exercises can be performed at home.
Classes can begin after treatment and several weeks of rest in the event that a person does not experience pain.
Gradually, the load becomes more difficult. In two months, you can start exercising with dumbbells.
Physiotherapeutic methods are also useful during rehabilitation: magnetotherapy, UHF, ozocerite, amplipulse therapy. If pain is observed, phonophoresis with analgin can be used.
Price framework for surgery
The habitual dislocation of the shoulder is quite difficult to treat, and therefore the cost of the operation can go up to 10,000 conventional units or more.
They got through a shoulder injury and cured it
Let's study the responses of people who underwent this or that operation with a habitual shoulder dislocation.
Has earned a habitual dislocation of the shoulder when doing sports. Initially, he turned to specialists to fix the joint. But the problem came back again and again.
Therefore, I still decided on a surgical procedure. I was operated on by Bankart. This is an arthroscopic intervention that requires only two punctures. After the rehabilitation period, I forgot about my problem forever.
Andrei
For five years he suffered from systematic dislocations of the shoulder joint. I had to go to a specialized surgical department, where I immediately pointed to the need for an operation.
I had an operation on the joint capsule. Everything went very well, and the problem was completely eliminated.
Igor
The habitual dislocation of the shoulder can not be eliminated by conservative treatment. I tried to perform strengthening exercises, apply massage and physiotherapy.
As a result, I had to undergo an operation, during which a ligamentous device was formed to fix the head of the humerus.
A year has passed since the operation, and I am very pleased with the result - the mobility of the hand has completely recovered.
Michael
The launched disease is fraught with complications of
If the time does not deal with the treatment of habitual dislocation, the consequences can be the most unpredictable. As a result, this pathology can lead to a violation of the integrity of soft tissues and fractures.
A habitual shoulder dislocation is a serious enough disorder that causes severe pain and often leads to dangerous complications.
Therefore, at the first signs of pathology, it is worthwhile to seek medical help.
