Male physiology has its differences, features therefore there are diseases characteristic only for the male. The most common urological disease - hydrocele, in people called ovaries dropsy. Pathology can be congenital, which is typical for small boys, and acquired in adolescence or adulthood.
With the hydrocele, the process of fluid absorption by the testicle shells deteriorates, this leads to excessive formation and accumulation of it in the scrotum. The volume of the liquid can vary from a few milliliters to two or three liters. There is an increase in the scrotum, which creates not only discomfort in normal life, but can also be accompanied by painful sensations in men.
Anatomical features of the inguinal region
To better understand the nature and causes of the disease, you need to know the anatomy of the inguinal and scrotal area. Ovaries are laid in boys at the time of intrauterine development. Initially they are in the abdominal cavity and in the seventh month they descend into the scrotum. Together with it, the layers forming the wall of the abdomen( the peritoneum) are lowered, a kind of pocket is formed. As a rule, it closes before the birth of the child or during the first months of life. Unfortunately, this does not always happen. The process of formation and accumulation of fluid will depend on the type of hydrocele.
Species
Specialists identify two forms of the disease:
- congenital,
- acquired.
Each of these species has its own characteristics and causes. The congenital disease can be of two types: isolated and communicating, only the isolated dropsy is characteristic for the acquired form.
Congenital form of
This form is divided into isolated and reporting.
The isolated hydrocele is a consequence of the imbalance between the production of the liquid and its absorption. The causes of its occurrence are the following:
- underdevelopment of the lymph vessels that are responsible for the removal of liquid from the scrotum,
- scrotal injury during labor,
- inflammation in the testicles and its appendages.
This type of disease is common in newborns, but surgical intervention is not required.
The communicating hydrocele is caused by a disruption in the closure of the canal connecting the abdominal cavity and the scrotum. The causes of the development of this form of the disease are as follows:
- complicated pregnancy,
- threat of miscarriage,
- chronic or infectious diseases of the mother,
- birth of the child before the due date( premature infants),
- cryptorchyma - the testicle does not descend into the scrotum,
- hypospadias - pathologywhich the urethra ends not on the head of the penis, but on it itself.
As a rule, the congenital form of hydrocele does not require surgical intervention and passes for some time.
Acquired form of
In adults, isolated hydrocephalus can be caused by: inguinal hernia
- or complication after its removal by surgery,
- malignant areas of the testicles,
- by the presence of a wacocele,
- by torsion of the egg.
The risk of developing the disease in men may be associated with:
- minor trauma in the pelvic region, it can promote fluid accumulation inside the testicle,
- traumatic testicular damage( during sports, bumps, bruises),
- lesion of inguinal, pelvic lymph nodes associatedwith infringement of outflow of a lymph,
- a number of infectious and virus diseases( a tuberculosis, a gonorrhea, etc.),
- disease of kidneys, genitals( a hemorrhoids, a filaroz),
- complications connected with operations on varikotsele,
- bolyshimi power loads on the body,
- cardiovascular insufficiency,
- cirrhosis.
In the absence of proper treatment, men may experience complications in the form of testicular atrophy, scrotal hernia, erectile dysfunction, male infertility.
Symptoms and Diagnosis
At the first sign of the disease, a small child may have a fever. When you touch the scrotum, he begins to restlessly behave, cry. There may be a chill. Nausea, vomiting, redness in the affected area, delay or difficulty during urination are also symptoms of hydrocele.
Adolescents and adult men have an increase in the scrotum both completely and only one testicle, depending on the side where the liquid is formed. There is discomfort in the inguinal region, lower back. It is accompanied by a feeling of heaviness and bursting in the scrotum. With a complicated disease, purulent discharge, thickening of the skin, pain during palpation of the testicle can be observed.
A dropsy is diagnosed by a surgeon or urologist. A visual examination of the patient is performed, where the degree of scrotal enlargement is determined. It can depend on the course of the disease and the causes that caused it. Palpation of the affected areas by the doctor, in case of chronic illness, does not cause discomfort to the patient, in acute form the patient may feel a pain syndrome.
After the examination, a specialist can confirm ultrasound examination of the scrotum to confirm the diagnosis. The procedure allows you to accurately diagnose the disease, determine the presence of fluid, its volume. With the acquired form, ultrasound can determine the cause of the disease in men.
Treatment of
Dropsy of the ovary can be treated as a medication or with the help of a surgical procedure.
Treatment of hydrocele in boys under the age of three is prescribed by the doctor based on the form of the disease.
- The communicating form of the disease is accompanied by expectant management. If the dropsy of the testicles does not pass by itself, during the first two years of the child's life, the doctor will be assigned an operation where the surgeon will pull the canal.
- The operation is also indicated in the event that edema is accompanied by inguinal hernia. Treatment is performed when the boy reaches the age of 1 year - 2 years.
- The use of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs is carried out in case of a testicle injury. Their action is aimed at removing the edema of the scrotum, eliminating pain.
- Medical treatment is indicated in inflammatory processes. Depending on the stage of the disease, it can be antiviral drugs or antibiotics.
Treatment of illness in adolescents and mature men is carried out with the help of surgical intervention. The operation can be prescribed if there is a threat of testicular atrophy, with severe pain. The operation is performed under local anesthesia and does not require complicated manipulation. After it is carried out, the patient may have an increase in the size of the scrotum, which is associated with edema that results from traumatizing skin tissues.
The postoperative period is accompanied by the observance of the doctor's recommendations.
If the patient refused to perform the surgery or is contraindicated to him( for example, due to age), he is prescribed a dropsy of dropsy. The procedure consists in sucking off excess fluid and brings only temporary relief to the patient, since the liquid will re-accumulate. The prognosis of the hydrocele is favorable, the disease can go away on its own or the problem can be resolved through surgical intervention.
