Doctors refer to cystic formations in the ovary of type 2 - the follicular and the cyst of the yellow body. These benign tumors are the most common. Their number exceeds 30% of all formations that occur in the female ovaries. The cystic yellow body in the ovary can be either in the left or right side.
A cyst is a kind of formation that has a fluid within it. It is formed from the tissue of the ovaries where the yellow body has remained after menstruation. This is due to the fact that the yellow body did not regress to the end and remained in the tissues.
Causes of
Most often, the yellow body cyst is formed in young girls in whom a cycle occurs, and in adult women of childbearing age. Their formation is due to inflammatory processes in the organs of the reproductive system, and the failure of work in the hormonal system in women.
Very often during the formation of a cyst, a woman does not feel any changes in her body. Only in very rare cases, there may be slight pain in the lower abdomen. There may also be malfunctions in the menstrual cycle.
To date, physicians have not yet determined the exact causes of the development of the yellow body cyst. Only one thing is known: these processes are completely related to the functioning and features of the structure of the ovaries.
Many doctors are of the opinion that the formation of a cyst in the ovaries depends on the hormonal composition, namely, from the hormones that the pituitary gland produces. They are directly involved in regulating the work of the ovaries.
Among the most compelling reasons for the formation of cysts are the following:
- various infectious diseases( most often those that are sexually transmitted) affecting the tubes of the uterus and the ovaries;
- frequent occurrence of stresses, which can change into a chronic condition;
- working conditions that are considered harmful to health;
- if a woman very often sits on diets, especially mono-diets.
Among the main risk factors for the onset of the disease are:
- frequent use of drugs for rapid contraception;
- if a woman takes medications that stimulate ovulation;
- in the treatment of infertility is also prescribed drugs that stimulate the growth of the cyst of the yellow body.
There are also a number of adverse factors that affect the formation of such cysts:
- physical and emotional loads, if they exceed the norm;
- consequences after the made abortions - because of it very strong failures in work of hormonal system occur;
- menstruation in the girl began very early;
- a woman has thyroid disease.
There is also a theory that implies a tendency to the origin of cysts, which is laid in the body of a woman before her birth. After the onset of puberty or the appearance of other factors, such a cyst simply manifests itself.
Also, some scientists think that the growth of cases of the development of the cyst of the yellow body can be explained by the fact that women in recent years have begun to give birth to much less. And if once every family had 5-9 children, now this number has significantly decreased - to 1-2.As a consequence, this generation of menstruating women had only 30-40.In modern women, however, this number becomes ten times as large. This leads to a frequent rupture of the ovarian membranes, and this is already a very great stress for the woman's body.
A cystic yellow body can develop in the right or left ovary and because of a hereditary factor.
Symptoms of
As a rule, this disease is practically asymptomatic. The cyst of the yellow body is also called temporal, since at the onset of the next menstruation it should decrease, and after another 2 cycles, it disappears altogether.
The diameter of such a cyst is not more than 5-8 centimeters, so it does not bring much anxiety to the patient. But this does not mean that such a disease can be overlooked. On the contrary, a woman should be constantly observed at her gynecologist.
Very rarely, usually with the onset of inflammatory processes, women with such education in the ovary can experience the following symptoms:
- painful sensations in the uterine region from both sides;
- in the lower abdomen( in the field of education), minor discomfort, heaviness;
- a woman may notice irregularities in the menstrual cycle, or long lasting menstruation;
- in most cases, such a cyst does not go into the category of malignant, but it can happen.
With palpation, you can feel a movable round formation that does not cause pain.
Complications of
The most severe and obvious symptoms appear only in cases when a woman has complications. Among them can be identified such as:
- wrong location of the ovary's leg;
- cyst ruptures.
If in the first case a woman is worried about pain that builds up gradually, then the second case is accompanied by severe sharp pain and heavy bleeding( usually internal).In addition, the woman is pursued by such symptoms:
- is the point of pain that has the character of contractions;
- vomiting;
- stomach is constantly in a stressed state;
- inability to go to the toilet in time( sometimes - constipation);
- during palpation of the abdominal cavity, there is a sharp pain.
If the bleeding becomes too abundant, a woman may suffer from blood pressure.
Both of the above situations require urgent surgical intervention, so after the onset of such symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.
Stages of development of the cyst
Pulmonary formation of the yellow body has 4 stages of development:
- The first begins immediately after ovulation. The reason for this is the multiplication of the cells of the follicle that burst.
- In the second stage, the cells germinate into the blood vessels. The first two stages last about 4 days.
- In the third stage, an increase in hormonal activity can be observed. The body actively begins its growth and increases to 1-2 centimeters. It acquires a dark red color and begins to stand out above the level of the ovary. A week after ovulation, education maximizes hormonal activity. It starts to allocate female hormones.
- The last, fourth stage is also called reverse, since in this period the reduction of cells of the yellow body begins. After about 2 weeks after ovulation, cells of this formation begin to be replaced by connective tissues. This process will be completed only for 45 days. At this time, all the cells of the yellow body become white bodies.
The yellow body that occurs during menstruation can exist for about two weeks. After this, regress begins in its growth and development.
When pregnant
The ovarian cyst of a yellow ovarian cyst discovered in a pregnant woman should not be a cause for concern, since in itself it does not carry a threat to either the mother or her future baby. But nevertheless to watch its status follows. This is done with the help of ultrasound.
In cases where the size of the cyst is more than 5 centimeters and does not gradually decrease, doctors can decide on a surgical procedure. This is done solely for the sake of preventing complications.
But this happens very rarely. In most cases, the cyst should dissolve on its own after 20 weeks after conception. At this time, the placenta provides good functioning of the hormonal background. And even if the woman's cyst was before pregnancy, in normal condition it should decrease to a minimum in 20 weeks of pregnancy.
Treatment of
If a woman does not have symptoms during the growth and development of the cyst, she needs just about three months to see a gynecologist and do ultrasound at that time to control the disease.
First of all, the patient must undergo all the tests and analyzes. Only on their basis can you find out the reasons for the formation of education. After this, you can prescribe therapy. It should include anti-inflammatory drugs, contraceptives for normalizing the hormonal background. You can also take other actions that will help the cyst to resolve - therapeutic baths, magnetolaser treatment, irrigation, etc.
The hormone therapy can be used only if there are no complications. If they did, the only treatment would be laparoscopy.
Do not forget about taking vitamins. If a woman has problems with excess weight, then therapeutic exercise and a sparing diet are prescribed.
If conservative therapy has been chosen, the patient should avoid unnecessary physical exertion, avoid large sexual activity, and also warm the lower abdomen from time to time.
Initiation of surgical treatment should be performed only after 3 months of the onset of the cyst, since this method is an extreme remedy. The yellow body cyst should resolve up to 3 months and the operation may not be necessary. If its reduction is not noticeable, then surgical methods should be used. There are several reasons for this:
- because of the formation, bleeding in the uterus may start;
- the disease has severe complications;
- formation can pass into a malignant tumor.
If nevertheless it was decided to do the operation, this should not be a long pull. If you do it on time, you can avoid large damage to the ovary. Do not wait until the time when inflammation or other complications come. Then the consequences will be much more serious.
