Ent Diseases

Eustachite, what is this? Symptoms and treatment, forms of the disease

click fraud protection

For perception of sound vibrations, air should approach the eardrum from the outer and inner sides. In this way, there is a balancing of the pressure, without which a normal transformation of sound into nerve impulses is impossible.

The external ear canal is rarely inflamed, and the internal( or Eustachian tube) is at risk of disease even due to a common cold. And in this case, the otolaryngologists talk about the development of the eustachyte.

Contents of

  • 1 Eustachyte - What is it?
  • 2 Symptoms of eustachyte by manifestation forms
  • 3 Diagnosis
  • 4 Treatment of eustachyte
  • 5 Eustachyte code in ICD 10

Eustachiitis - What is it?

Eustachyte Eustachiitis is an inflammatory process in the mucous membrane of the Eustachian tube and the cavity of the tympanic membrane. Among doctors, the disease is also known under the names of tubo-otitis and salpingitis.

Internal auditory meatus has a small diameter( up to 2 mm), so the slightest violation of its patency affects the functioning of the hearing organs.

insta story viewer

Often, the pathological process affects the very cavity of the tympanic membrane, in which the auditory ossicles are located: a hammer, an anvil and a stapes - and this, in turn, provokes an otitis media of the middle ear.

The causes of

Physicians identify 2 main causes of inflammation of the Eustachian tube:

  1. Infection.
  2. Allergy.

In the first case eustachiitis develops due to the vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms. They fall into the auditory canal from the upper respiratory tract( nose, nasopharynx) in angina, influenza, rhinitis, etc. However, this does not always happen.

A provoking factor, as a rule, is delaying the treatment of the underlying disease. In addition, the probability of infection of the Eustachian tube is also great, and with improper barking.

Empty the nasal cavity only when one nostril is closed with a finger, and if 2 nostrils are blocked at once, the snot( along with the microbes) will rush into the internal auditory canal, which will cause the ailment.

Often, eustachyitis occurs because of allergies: the effect of various stimuli increases the synthesis of histamines, which contribute to the development of edema. And if the patency changes the balance of pressure and, as a consequence, the tympanic membrane is drawn inward. With this course of events, first of all it is necessary to eliminate the allergic reaction.

Symptoms of eustachyte by the manifestation forms

Symptoms of Eustachyitis

With sharp narrowing and inflammation of the auditory tube develops an acute eustachiosis with characteristic symptoms:

  1. Feeling of congestion and noise in the ears.
  2. Enhanced perception of your own voice.
  3. Sensation of fluid transfusion in the ear.
  4. Pain syndrome( usually - at atmospheric pressure drops).
  5. Hearing loss.
  6. Increased temperature.

Restriction of the mobility of the tympanic membrane affects the hearing loss by 20-30 dB in the low frequency range.

With the infectious nature of the disease, it is possible that the temperature increases and the accumulation in the Eustachian tube of a transudate - a specific secretion, which first includes only proteins and liquid, and in the later stages - leukocytes and lymphocytes. In addition, the vital activity of pathogenic microbes leads to suppuration, which is fraught with an additional complication in the form of otitis.

In case of inadequate or untimely treatment, it is likely that the development of chronic eustachiitis, in which the situation is significantly exacerbated and the symptomatology is supplemented by pathological changes:

  1. The tympanic membrane is atrophied, cloudy, and in some places there is a perforation.
  2. Persistent narrowing of the auditory tube.
  3. Pronounced hearing loss.

Diagnostics

Eustachyte Modern medicine without special difficulties copes with eustachyte, the symptoms and treatment of which are closely interrelated. The first task of an otolaryngologist is to establish the cause and nature of the disease.

This can be done using the following diagnostic methods:

1. Otoscopy. Special tools are examined by the tympanic membrane.

2. Audiometry. Identify changes in the perception of sound waves of a significant range.

3. Evaluate the state of the Eustachian tube.

4. Subjective examination is carried out:

  • Valsalva test( patient is asked to close his mouth and nose when exhaling);
  • Toynbi sample( the patient is asked to take a strong swallow with his nostrils clamped).

5. Take smears to identify the cause of the illness( allergy or infection).

Patient sensations in subjective examination are important as a primary diagnosis. Of course, not every person will accurately describe what is happening, but the doctor will have enough and fluent characteristics.

In particular, if there is a crack on the ears in the ears - this is normal, and if gurgling or squeaking - there are abnormalities in the auditory organs.

Treatment of eustachyte

Treatment of eustachyitis

When confirmed by instrumental methods of eustachyte, treatment is prescribed immediately and, as a rule, complex, as the cause of the disease is often hidden in the inflammation of the upper respiratory tract.

To eliminate infection from the auditory tube, vasoconstrictive( Sanorin, Nazivin) and general antibacterial drugs are directly administered inside the passageway.

If the disease is caused by a reaction to stimuli, the patient will need antihistamines( Claritin, Suprastin).By the way, the allergenic type of ailment is treated longer than infectious.

The disease can affect both one ear and two, which is fraught with complications in the form of bilateral hearing loss. Drops with eustachyte are mandatory, but additionally, oral intake of tablets is also recommended.

In general, the therapeutic course is specified by the otolaryngologist after a complete examination of the patient.

Eustachyte treatment at home is ineffective. And if the patient refuses hospitalization or regular hospital visits, the illness may well become chronic. The matter is that in a clinical setting, doctors prescribe additional measures to combat the disease:

  • physiotherapy( UHF, microwaves);
  • through the catheter, glucocorticoid hormones and proteolytic enzymes are introduced to dilute the transudate;
  • if there is no exacerbation, then blowing and pneumomassage is allowed to remove the transudate;
  • if necessary, perform electrostimulation of the muscles of the Eustachian tube.

Conclusion

Unilateral or bilateral eustachiitis may occur due to a common cold. In the arsenal of ENT doctors have effective means, but measures should not be put off in a long box, as the disease can lead to atrophy of the tympanic membrane and a decrease in hearing.

Eustachyte code in the ICD 10

In the International Classification of Diseases of the 10th revision( ICD 10), eustachiosis is indicated as an inflammation of the Eustachian tube and is under the code:

H65-H75 - Diseases of the middle ear and mastoid process

H68 - Inflammation and occlusion of the Eustachian tube

  • H68.0 - Inflammation of the eustachian tube
  • H68.1 - Eustachian tube occlusion
  • H69 - Other diseases of the Eustachian tube

H69 - Other diseases of the Eustachian tube

  • H69.0 - Yawning Eustachian tube
  • H69.8 - Other specified bolsitu eustachian tube
  • H69.9 - Disease Eustachian tube unspecified
  • Share
Otitis in adults: symptoms and treatment, antibiotics
Ent Diseases

Otitis in adults: symptoms and treatment, antibiotics

What is it? Otitis is an inflammation of various tissues that form the ear - depending on the localization of the inflammatory process, the forms ...

Otitis of the middle ear - symptoms and treatment, photo
Ent Diseases

Otitis of the middle ear - symptoms and treatment, photo

The human ear is a complex organ, the work of which is provided by many natural mechanisms. Most of them are hidden in the area of ​​the temporal ...

Eustachite, what is this? Symptoms and treatment, forms of the disease
Ent Diseases

Eustachite, what is this? Symptoms and treatment, forms of the disease

For perception of sound vibrations, air should approach the eardrum from the outer and inner sides. In this way, there is a balancing of the press...