In the conditions of modern ecology, people increasingly began to face violations of the endocrine system of the body. This is due not only to unfavorable environmental conditions, but also to improper nutrition, harmful habits, unhealthy lifestyle. One of the most common pathologies in the field of endocrine processes are problems with the thyroid gland, the symptoms of which have recently appeared more often.
Disruption of the thyroid function for the body can be very dangerous, as the hormones produced by this body are necessary for normal metabolism, maintaining the immune system functions, dividing and differentiating the body cells, the processes of oxygen uptake, energy generation, neutralization of free radicals. The proper level of biologically active substances of the thyroid gland is required for proper growth and development in childhood and maintenance of mental and physical health throughout the life of a person.
Principles of the division of lesions of the thyroid
To understand what symptoms are associated with thyroid disease, you need to know what are the diseases of this important organ for a person.
In modern medicine there is no generally accepted uniform classification of thyroid damage. For their systematization use three main criteria:
- functional state of the organ;
- structure changes;
- is the cause of the occurrence.
Functional state can be:
- euthyroid( normal level of thyroid hormones);
- hypothyroid( gland hypothyroidism);
- hyperthyroid( gland hyperfunction, may be physiological);
- thyreotoxicosis( pathological hyperthyroidism).
By changes in the structure of the disease are divided into:
- different forms of goiter;
- tumors;
- cysts.
Due to the onset of the disease are divided into:
- inflammatory;
- autoimmune;
- is infectious;
- is a tumor;
- iodine deficiency;
- system;
- various developmental anomalies.
Initial signs of thyroid dysfunction
Symptoms of thyroid problems are often confused with fatigue at work, "colds", "fatigue" syndrome. This is because the first symptoms of thyroid disease are non-specific and "masked" under the signs of many other diseases. These include:
- high fatigue;
- weight changes;
- is an intestinal disorder;
- mood swings;
- discomfort in the muscles and joints.
Representatives of both sexes are affected by the function of this body, but more often women suffer from this. The risk group includes pregnancy, permanent hormonal adjustment within the menstrual cycle. But the true reason why the symptoms of thyroid diseases in women are more common, medicine has not yet established.
There are other non-specific symptoms of thyroid disease in women, characteristic of other health disorders. Cough refers to similar signs. It arises from the compression of the trachea enlarged in the size of the thyroid gland.
All the specific symptoms of thyroid disease depend on the specific form of impaired function of the body.
Symptomocomplex for hypothyroidism in women
This disorder in the thyroid gland in women is more common than others. Another name for this pathology is myxedema. The initial symptoms of thyroid disease of this type do not differ from those of men. This increase in weight, decreased mood background, apathy, lethargy, fatigue, violation of information storage, deterioration of hair and nails. Later, other more pathognomonic symptoms of thyroid problems are added:
- malfunctions of the menstrual cycle;
- infertility;
- the presence of edema;
- difficulty in breathing, swallowing, coughing with enlargement of the gland;
- interruptions in cardiac activity.
In a neglected state and lack of proper treatment, a myxedematous coma may develop.
Symptomocomplex in thyrotoxicosis in women
This lesion of the gland is no less severe for the body than the myxedema. Symptoms of thyroid problems in women with a deviation of this type are as follows:
- the presence of exophthalmos( ocelli) as a consequence of edema of the eye tissues;
- is an obvious and rapid weight loss( due to a metabolic disorder);
- increased appetite;
- marked thirst;
- subfebrile condition;
- diarrhea, frequent urination;
- possible vomiting, tenderness of the abdomen;
- tachycardia;
- irritability, aggression.
Special attention should be paid to eye changes in this thyroid disease. Eye symptoms in thyroid disease as thyrotoxicosis:
- pathological eye gloss( Krause symptom);
- excessively dilated ocular fissure( Dalrymple symptom);
- impairment of approaching eyeballs with appropriate examination( Moebius symptom);
- exposure of the scleral site between the upper eyelid and the iris with a slow downward look( Gref symptom)
- Kocher's symptom is the same as with Grth's simtom, only when viewed upward.
- blinking( Shtelwag symptom);
- lack of wrinkles on the forehead when looking up( symptom Zofroy);
- eyelid twitching of the closed eyes( Rosenbach's symptom);
- the eye gap does not narrow with laughter( Brown's smect);
- enlargement of the vessels of the sclera, diverging in the form of a cross( Stasinsky's symptom).
- eyelid pigmentation( Jelinek symptom)
Some of these eye symptoms also occur with diffuse toxic goiter. Among them: the symptoms of Dalrymple, Mobius, Shtelwag, Jelinek, Gref, Koher.
Thyroiditis - an inflammatory disorder
Special consideration deserves such a disease of the thyroid gland: thyroiditis. Symptoms of it depend on the clinical form. This disease is classified as follows:
- acute form;
- subacute;
- is chronic;
- is latent;
- hypertrophic;
- is atrophic.
The acute form of this thyroid disease has the following symptoms:
- tenderness in the neck, extending into the occipital region and increasing with head and swallow movements;
- enlarged lymph nodes;
- chilliness, increased temperature;
- increased sweating;
- tachycardia.
For subacute thyroiditis, pains in the anterior part of the neck, redness of the skin in the area are characteristic;lymph nodes are not changed.
For chronic form of this ailment, there is a long absence of signs of having a thyroid problem. Symptoms appear later, in the form of a feeling of coma in the throat and difficulty swallowing. Next is accompanied by hoarseness of voice, difficulty in breathing, headaches, noise in the head, increased pulsation of carotid arteries.
Therapy with folk remedies
Modern medicine has a wide arsenal of medicines and various methods to combat thyroid disorders. However, we should not neglect the methods of traditional medicine. Undoubtedly, the treatment of thyroid gland only by folk remedies can not achieve the desired result, but it can quite help to reduce the dose of hormones taken and help in the fight against the disease.
With some diseases, folk remedies used at the very beginning of the disease can significantly slow down its development. In folk methods of treatment of the thyroid gland used medicinal plants( celandine, white cinquefoil), walnuts, hirudotherapy, bee podmor. There are many recipes and recommendations in folk medicine aimed at combating the pathology of the thyroid gland. Which ones - this topic deserves a separate detailed consideration.
