Torsion of the ovary is a complex gynecological disease that requires immediate treatment. In the process of torsion, the ovary does not receive the oxygen necessary for normal functioning, and the tissues gradually die off. Especially dangerous is the disease for women planning more children. Often, ovarian torsion occurs in women under 30 years of age, but may occur at an older age. Pregnant women are more prone to disease than others.
Torsion of the ovary can otherwise be called a torsion of the appendages of the uterus. Appendages have a huge impact on the patient's hormonal background and play an important role in the fertilization of the egg. To the appendages are:
- Fallopian tubes. These organs look like a tube, the size of which varies within 12 centimeters. Their main task is to transfer a fertilized egg into the uterine cavity. The ovary and uterine arteries feed the tubes with blood and oxygen. Fallopian tubes play an important role in conception.
Inside the tube consists of three parts: the mucous membrane, the muscle tissue and the serous layer. With the reduction of muscle tissue, the egg moves to the uterus, is fixed there and begins to grow. Therefore, it is so important that inside the fallopian tube there are no hidden infections and inflammations.
If there are adhesions and cysts on the inner surface of the tube, the egg can not move further and is fixed for some time in the tube itself. So there is an ectopic pregnancy. With the growth of the egg, the tube may burst, and then the patient will need urgent surgery. If you remove one of the tubes, the chance of getting pregnant again is reduced by half.
- Ovaries. The ovaries are on the side of the uterus. They are of great importance in the reproductive work of the woman's body. Depending on the period of the menstrual cycle, the ovaries change their size. The ovary is attached to the side wall of the pelvis and directly to the uterus. Nearby are the blood arteries and ureters. At the moment of torsion, all these organs are located very close, which complicates the course of the operation. In the process of twisting, ovarian tissue does not receive blood flow and atrophy.
The main task of the ovaries is:
- Reproductive function. One of the most important tasks of a woman is the ability to procreate. During the menstrual cycle, the egg ripens and prepares for fertilization. Also hormones are produced, which are transferred by blood to the uterine mucosa and prepare it for the adoption of a fertilized egg. With positive fertilization, the egg recovers in the uterus and begins to grow.
- Autonomic function. The task of this function is to maintain the genitals with the help of blood supply and oxygen supply. Hormones play here not the last role.
- Hormonal function. With normal ovarian function, female hormones are produced. They are important for the whole body of women in general.
Based on the above, we can conclude that the torsion of one of the ovaries is a serious threat not only for the childbearing function of women, but also for her life.
- Ligamentous apparatus of the uterus. A ligament is needed for the integration of the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Bundle consists of several parts: fixing ligaments( perform the role of fixation), suspending ligaments and supporting apparatus.
In the process of torsion suffer neighboring organs, so diagnosis and proper treatment will help to avoid negative consequences.
Symptoms of
When the ovary is twisted, a woman will feel a strong pain in the lower abdomen.
- Painful sensations can be given in the lower back and in the side.
- Pain appears after a slight physical exertion, and is accompanied by nausea and vomiting.
- Skin covers are white, the body temperature can rise.
- With a partial twisting of the ovary, the symptoms may not be as pronounced, dull, aching pain can last for several days.
- Pain sensations arise from the side on which the ovary has developed a torsion.
- In case of delayed medical care, peritonitis may occur.
Diagnostics
If a sudden sudden pain occurs, a woman should consult a specialist. After getting acquainted with the patient's complaints, the doctor should take the following actions:
- Examination of the patient in the obstetric chair using a two-hand study;
- With the help of feeling the bottom of the abdomen, the doctor determines painful areas, inflammation of the genitals;
- Direction for a general blood test. It will let you know the presence of the inflammatory process in the body;
- Study on the apparatus of ultrasound. This type of diagnosis allows you to see the cyst on the organs of the small pelvis, increase the diameter of the ovaries, impairment of the circulatory function;
- Laparoscopy. This type of diagnosis often flows into the treatment process. In a thin incision in the abdominal cavity a thin tube is inserted through which one can see the state of the ovary, the degree of twisting, the damage to the tissues of the organ, the involvement of other neighboring organs in the process;
- Surgical intervention. When the patient is in serious condition, the doctor can decide on an emergency operation. For example, if there is peritonitis, there is no time for a long diagnosis, and to save the patient's life, such a decision is made.
Treatment of
With accurate diagnosis, treatment is always the same - surgical intervention. The sooner this happens, the greater the chance of rescuing the undamaged tissue due to the overlap of the blood vessel. This is primarily important for the preservation of the woman's genital function. Anesthetics can only be used after an accurate diagnosis has been made.
Depending on the complexity of the situation, during surgery, the doctor decides to remove the injured organ, or to promote the ovary. The main goal of the operation is to restore blood supply to the damaged organs.
Based on the diagnostic results, the surgeon decides how the treatment will be performed.
- Laparoscopy. With this method, the body of the woman is inflicted the least damage. Through a thin hole, a tube is inserted through which lesions can be seen on the screen. Recovery after such an operation is usually about two weeks. Laparoscopy is used in the absence of complications of the disease.
- Cavity operation. If the diagnosis revealed a blood poisoning or the course of the inflammatory process, the surgeon will need greater maneuverability during the operation. With a thorough examination of the damaged organs and the absence of dead tissue, a decision is made on the detrusions. With the help of special forceps, the doctor disposes of the ovaries in such a way that they should be initially. If most of the tissues ceased to function and there is a risk of further complications, a decision is made to remove the organ from the woman.
The appearance of sudden pain in the lower abdomen should always alert the woman. Without apparent reason, they can not arise, so you should always contact a specialist with such a problem. Symptoms of torsion of the ovary are similar in many ways to pain during menstruation - aching or severe pain, weakness. A timely detection of the disease and timely treatment will help with a minimal risk for the body to eliminate the problem. The most common type of diagnosis - ultrasound, with high accuracy will show in the picture the cause of malaise.
