Mental And Psychological Disorders

Acute reaction to stress - affective-shock reaction to severe psychotrauma

click fraud protection

Acute stress reaction Acute reaction to stress( adaptation disorder), according to ICD-10 code F43.0, is a short-term, but violent mental disorder that occurs under the influence of a strong stressor.

The reason for changing the behavior of a person and disturbing his mental state may be:

  • disaster;
  • loss of one or more close people;
  • drastic change in social position;
  • news about the presence of a serious disease;
  • the social status of the refugee;
  • accident;
  • natural cataclysms;
  • rape;
  • criminal acts.

adjustment disorder

All life events that cause severe and prolonged experiences, prolonged stress, can cause an upset of adaptive reactions.

Crisis conditions are more typical for people located to it: the elderly, sick, exhausted, having mental or physical illnesses.

Life circumstances, accidents, losses - all this, contributes to the development of violations. However, if a person does not have a natural disposition to the disease, external factors are not enough to manifest an acute reaction.

insta story viewer

There is a group of people who are subject to adaptation disorders and other acute reactions to stress more than others. These are hypersensitive people who take any events to heart. Somatic and mental diseases also contribute to the development of disorders.

What causes stress?

Contents

  • Development and progress
    • Variety of course
  • Characteristic clinical picture
  • Diagnosis
    • Associated, similar diseases
  • Approach to treatment
  • What could be the consequences?

Development and course of

Acute stress reactions occur immediately after the onset of a stressor, the symptoms of adjustment disorders immediately manifest themselves. Alarming state

Initially, the patient falls into complete stunning. It goes away from reality. The next stage is the occurrence of an alarm. This condition does not give rest to the patient. He is unable to adequately assess the situation. Most of the events of reality go unnoticed.

Another symptom of an acute reaction to sudden changes is disorientation.

Acute reaction to stress is a mentally unhealthy state of a person. It lasts from a few hours to 3 days. The patient is stunned, unable to fully understand the situation, a stressful event is recorded in memory in part, often in the form of excerpts. This is due to temporary amnesia caused by stress. Usually the symptoms persist for no more than 3 days.

One of the reactions is post-traumatic stress disorder. This syndrome develops solely because of situations that threaten human life. The signs of this state are the retardation, alienation, repetitive horrors, the images of the incident that pop up in the mind of post-traumatic stress disorder.

Often patients visit ideas about suicide. If the disorder is not too severe, it gradually passes. There is also a chronic form that lasts for years. Post-traumatic syndrome is also called combat fatigue. This syndrome was observed among the participants in the war. After the Afghan war, many soldiers suffered from this disorder.

Disorder of adaptive reactions occurs due to stressful events in a person's life. Such can be the loss of one's native, a drastic change in the life situation or a turning point in fate, separation, retirement, failure.

As a result, the person is unable to adapt to the unexpected change. A person can not continue to live a normal daily life. There are insurmountable difficulties associated with social activities, there is no desire, motivation for making simple everyday decisions. A person can not continue to be in the situation in which he finds himself. However, he does not have the strength to make changes and any decisions.

Types of flow

Caused by sorrows, heavy experiences, tragedies or sudden changes in life situations, the adjustment disorder can have a different course and character. Depending on the characteristics of the disease, isolate adaptation disorders with:

  1. Depressive mood .Characteristic feelings of fear and hopelessness. The patient constantly has a depressive mood.
  2. Anxious mood .The main symptoms are rapid heartbeat, trembling, agitation. Agitation
  3. Mixed emotional features of .It is necessary to have several symptoms, including anxiety, depression and others.
  4. In the event of development of an adjustment disorder with , the prevalence of behavioral disorders affects a person with a disorder that violates all generally accepted moral standards.
  5. Violation of work or study .There is no desire to do work or study. There is a depressive state, anxiety, which disappear in their free time from work and study.

Typical clinical picture of

Usually, the disorder and its symptoms disappear after 6 months from a stressful event. If the stressor is long-lasting, then the timing is much longer than six months.

The syndrome interferes with normal, healthy vital activity. His symptoms depress a person not only mentally, but affect the entire body, disrupt the performance of many systems of organs. The main signs:

  • sad, depressed mood;
  • constant anxiety and anxiety;
  • inability to cope with daily or professional tasks;
  • inability and lack of desire to plan further steps and plans for life;
  • violation of the perception of events;
  • abnormal, unusual behavior;
  • chest pain;
  • heart palpitations;
  • difficulty breathing;
  • fear;
  • shortness of breath;
  • asphyxiation;
  • strong muscular tension;
  • restlessness;
  • increased use of tobacco and alcoholic beverages.

Anxiety and anxiety

The presence of these symptoms indicates a disorder of adaptive reactions.

If the symptoms persist for a long time, more than six months, you should definitely take steps to correct the violation.

The diagnosis of

The diagnosis of the disorder of adaptive reactions is made only in the conditions of the clinic. To determine the disease, the nature of the crisis conditions that led the patient into a dejected state is taken into account.

It is important to determine the force of an event's impact on a person. The body is examined for the presence of somatic and mental diseases. Examination by a psychiatrist is carried out to exclude anxiety disorder, depression, posttraumatic syndrome. Only a full examination can help determine the diagnosis, refer the patient to a specialist for treatment.

Associated, similar diseases

A lot of diseases are included in one large group. All of them are characterized by the same signs. They can be distinguished only by one particular symptom or the strength of its manifestation. The following reactions are similar:

  • short-term depressive;
  • prolonged depressive;
  • mixed anxious and depressive;
  • is a post-traumatic stress disorder.

Diseases vary in complexity, in nature of course and in duration. Often one goes into another. If the time does not take measures of treatment, the disease can take a complex form and move into a chronic type.

Approach to treatment

Treatment of the disorder of adaptive reactions is carried out in stages. The complex approach prevails. Depending on the degree of Psychotherapy manifestations of a particular symptom, the approach to treatment is individual.

The main method is psychotherapy. It is this method that is most effective, since the psychogenic aspect in the disease is predominant. Therapy is aimed at changing the attitude of the patient to a traumatic event. Increases the patient's ability to regulate negative thoughts. A strategy is created for the behavior of the patient in a stressful situation.

The purpose of the drugs is due to the duration of the disease and the degree of anxiety. Drug therapy lasts from two to four months on average.

Antidepressants must be prescribed among medicines:

  1. Amitriptyline is one of the most popular drugs. Its reception starts at 25 mg per day. Depending on the effectiveness and Amitriptyline of the body, the dose can be increased.
  2. Melipramine is another antidepressant. The method of its administration and dosage coincide with the previous preparation. Begin from 25 mg, increasing to 200. Drink before bed.
  3. Miansan is not only an antidepressant, but also a hypnotic and sedative. It is taken without chewing. The dose ranges from 60 to 90 mg.
  4. Paxil is an antidepressant. He is drunk once a day, in the morning. The dose ranges from 10 to 30 mg per day.

The withdrawal of drugs occurs gradually, according to the behavior and well-being of the patient.

Sedative plant collections are used for treatment. They perform a sedative function.

Herbal collection number 2 works well to get rid of the symptoms of the disease. It consists of valerian, motherwort, mint, hops and licorice. Infusion drink 2 times a day for 1/3 of the glass. Treatment lasts 4 weeks. Often, pickup reception number 2 and 3 are assigned at the same time.

Complete treatment, frequent visits to the therapist will ensure a return to normal, familiar life.

What are the possible consequences?

affective psychosis Most people suffering from an adjustment disorder are fully cured without any complications. This group is middle-aged.

Children, adolescents and the elderly are prone to complications. Individual characteristics of a person play an important role in combating stressful conditions.

It is often impossible to prevent the cause of stress and get rid of it. The effectiveness of treatment and the absence of complications depend on the character of the person and his willpower.

  • Share
Oligophrenia in the stage of debility - an easy degree of mental retardation
Mental And Psychological Disorders

Oligophrenia in the stage of debility - an easy degree of mental retardation

Oligophrenia is a persistent mental underdevelopment, or mental retardation. The reason is organic brain damage, which can be both congenital an...

Imbecility is an intermediate stage of oligophrenia between debility and idiocy
Mental And Psychological Disorders

Imbecility is an intermediate stage of oligophrenia between debility and idiocy

The intermediate degree of mental retardation( oligophrenia), which lies between morbidity and idiocy, is called imbecility. This is the average...

Derealization - a sense of unreality about what is happening around
Mental And Psychological Disorders

Derealization - a sense of unreality about what is happening around

Derealization, also called allopsychic depersonalization, is a pathological condition in which psychosensory perception of the reality of the su...