Baldness in women. Causes and treatment, patchy picture, ardrogennoe, hormonal, age. Folk remedies, drugs, vitamins, procedures

Loss of hair on the female type - common form of hair loss that occurs mainly in adult women. The condition is characterized by progressive major hair loss, and can be the cause of serious diseases that require treatment.

What is baldness

Reducing the density of hair and hair loss on the entire surface of the head called alopecia, which is temporary or permanent. Alopecia is often associated with hormonal disorders, poor diet, stress or internal diseases.

Man loses normal daily from 50 to 100 hairs. Increased amount to a violation of the hair growth cycle. Most women begin to notice the loss or thinning of the hair after 50 years, but sometimes it could be sooner.

types of baldness

Every hair in humans is constantly updated and passes a certain growth cycle:

1. First cycle - anagen. During this period, the formation of hair follicles or follicles, where it is working very actively.
2. second cycle - catagen. Follicle growth slows down, the hair shaft weakened, takes a rest period.
3. third cycle - telogen. The period lasts for about 3 months, during which the hair loss, due to the fact that the old hair shaft is pushed out a new one.

In the first phase of the hair through the roots are nutrients that help to grow new cover. In the second step the reception substances slows and they die and fall out in the third step. The whole cycle growth is from 3 to 8 years. The older a person becomes, the more reduced the entire growth process, especially the first cycle.

In healthy people, their life span is 86% of hairs are in the anagen phase, 13% in the telogen phase and the rest phase katagenovuyu account for 1%. Alopecia occurs in two cases, when the growth cycle is disturbed, but remains normal follicle and in the case where the root of the hair is damaged.

Baldness in women (causes and treatment are usually set by the doctor) has various types:

1. Androgenic. This is the most common kind, which may begin in the period from 12 to 40 years. Increasingly apparent loss occurs after 50 years.
2. Alopecia areata. This type of baldness is an autoimmune origin and was exposed to 2% of the world population, both men and women. Often it occurs in young people and children.
3. Effusion telogen. Diffuse loss is characterized by the violation of the right of distribution of follicles in the anagen period. In this type of baldness predominates third phase - telogen.
4. Scar alopecia. This type is caused by trauma to the hair follicles is damaged scalp. In this case, the color may be present scars, plaques on the skin flakes.
5. Traumatic alopecia. It is often associated with cosmetic methods applied to the hair. Curling zavivok, hard hair brush, dense weave of the braid, all of which can lead to baldness.

It is noticed that hair loss in women has a significant impact on their self-esteem, psychological condition and appearance.

Stage and degree of baldness

There are two well-known scale of density of hair loss in women, used by most specialists: the Ludwig Scale and the Savin Scale. The degree of hair loss is divided into 2 groups: the temporary and progressing. First lasts for several months, it is due to the negative influence on the body of factors such as stress, hypovitaminosis, chemicals or radiation.

Progressive alopecia areata through several stages:

1. Active. Within a few weeks of intensive precipitation occurs in the middle of the head, and then formed a large bald spot. The skin in the hearth edematous, the edges of visible short broken hair with thickened ends.
2. Stationary. The skin at the source is not changed, the process stops falling.
3. Regressive. Thin hair can grow along with the hard-terminated hair.

Causes of baldness

Women lose hair in the same way as men. They are thinner, appear bald in the center of the head or at the top. Almost never have bald patches women in front of the head.

The causes of alopecia by type:

1. Androgenic. The main type that affects women after puberty, but the hair loss increases during menopause. The cause of alopecia are hormones - androgens. Alopecia is the result of endocrine status. Loss of this type is due to a genetically determined reduction in the anagen time. Most women with androgenetic alopecia have normal menstrual cycle, fertility, so they do not need hormone treatment. In case of violation of monthly cycles, the appearance of acne on the skin, which affects hair growth, hormonal treatment is appointed. Alopecia type of androgen in women rarely leads to complete baldness.
2. Alopecia areata. The culprit acts immune system mistakenly attacks healthy hair follicles. The severity varies from a small portion to the bare loss of hair all over the head area. For this type is characterized by remissions and relapses. Some observed concomitant disease - atopy, disorders of the thyroid gland, or vitiligo. It affects people of all ages, but most often appears in adolescence and early adulthood. It refers to the group of diseases of the immune system.
3. It diffuse alopecia. Women with this disorder noted an increase in the amount of hair left on the brush on the floor in the shower and the tub after bathing. Daily loss of up to 300 hairs. The main reason is often stressful, and sometimes affects postnatal health condition or hair loss caused by a breach in the endocrine system. Alopecia on diffuse type begins in 2-4 months after the event, which was the main reason.
4. Alopecia damage hair follicles. This condition is often associated with infections caused by other diseases: tuberculosis, lupus erythematosus, herpes zoster, syphilis, sarcoidosis. Other causes include head trauma, radiation therapy sessions.
5. Traumatic alopecia. It is associated with injuries as the physical, chemical same. On examination of the skin revealed a short broken hair, folliculitis and often scars.

adverse symptoms may occur when alopecia:

• burning, tingling in the head;
• brittle nails and toes, the appearance of holes in the nail hole;
• the appearance of scales around the hair roots;
• swelling and redness of the scalp.

Some women hair loss begins before the onset of maturity.

In this case, the reasons of:

1. Teenage hormonal changes. This problem is temporary, often the hair recovered without treatment.
2. Avitaminosis. Fad diets, starvation leads to the development of beriberi. Baldness is caused by lack of nutrients, which should fall into the follicles.
3. Disease. Helminthiasis, thyroid disorders, gastrointestinal disorders worsen food hair follicles, leading to hair loss.

diagnosis of alopecia

Baldness in women (causes and treatment are set after a detailed medical history) is evaluated visually and diagnostic basis.

The decisive factors in the diagnosis are:

1. Duration loss.
2. Pattern baldness (damage or disrupt the growth cycle).
3. Increase in the number of hair shedding (accounted daily count dropped, which is going for 2 weeks).
4. the patient's diet.
5. Take medication (if any).
6. Current and past diseases.
7. Heredity.

Physical examination of the condition of hair:

1. A study of the skin head for erythema, scaling, inflammation. Follicular units are shown at non-tumor alopecia, but absent in scar.
2. Determination of density, uniformity scalp.
3. Checking the hair shaft on the caliber, length, shape and friability.
4. Tensile test. To determine the extensibility of about 60 hairs trapped between finger, thumb and middle finger. The hair is then gently but firmly pull. In the normal loss in the hand must remain no more than 6 hair. This will be a negative test. When positive, which indicates the active hair loss, remains much more hair in his hand. Before passing the test should not wash your hair for 24 hours.

After a visual inspection, conducted laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis:

1. Analysis of blood serum ferritin levels. This is done to detect the presence of anemia and iron in the body. Cost analysis: 700 to 1 thousand. 200 rubles. in specialized clinics.
2. Determining the level of thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxine suspected impaired thyroid function. The cost of the study - from 1 thousand. 500 thousand to 2. rub.
3. Establishing the presence of zinc in the body and its level. Cost analysis: from 600 rubles.
4. Comprehensive survey for chronic diseases of the kidneys and liver. Survey Cost: from 4 thousand. rub.

If you suspect a hormonal cause of hair loss is proposed to hold a screening of androgens. If you suspect a systemic diseases (lupus, syphilis), proposed for serological testing.

When to see a doctor

Baldness in women (causes and treatment should be discussed with your doctor) process, which many did not immediately notice.

What should pay attention:

1. In the bathroom after washing, each time becoming more and more discharged hair.
2. At each combing on the brush remains a big bunch.
3. Hair falls out beams or scraps and not single hairs, it should be normal.
4. Around the roots are well visible skin-rayed crown.
5. Most of the lost hair with a bulb on the end.
6. Hair thinning, scalp starts to hurt. This occurs due to poor circulation of blood in the subcutaneous layer.
7. The process is accompanied by seborrhea or hair loss itching.

It is possible to independently verify the test for baldness. To do this, you need to take after combing hair 1 at a distance of 1 cm from the root, and pull it. He should not be free to come out of the hole. And you can run your hand over your hair after combing. For the first time in the hand may remain a few pieces, but in the second and third time, they should not fall out. You should first visit the therapist.

After the examination, the doctor will make a decision on further treatment or refer to physicians:

• trichologist:
• gynecologist;
• dermatologist;
• endocrinologist.

Time to begin treatment will help maintain the integrity of the hair.

baldness Prevention

Strengthen and protect the hair can not only through diet and vitamins.

What else should pay attention:

1. Avoid chemicals. Beauty treatments using chemicals often contribute to thinning and hair loss. Remains substances clog hair follicles and prevent them from developing. Try to use shampoos without sulfates.
2. Use a shampoo for dandruff. Yeast like to multiply on oily skin, especially on the surface of the head, which leads to skin irritation and cause dandruff. Their development is connected with the formation of testosterone in the follicles. Dandruff Shampoos kill the yeast, thus helping the growth process and preventing hair loss.
3. Apply biotin horsetails and additives. By themselves, they do not cause the growth of hair, but biotin helps the cells in the epidermis thickening of the hair shaft.
4. Less use paints, sprays. Use of products, in which there is formaldehyde, dyes, allergy, skin edema, itching. This leads to a weakening of the bulbs and friability.
5. Smoking. It has been observed that tobacco is harmful effect on hair growth.
6. To protect the scalp from the effects of ultraviolet radiation. Sun thins the hair, makes them dull and brittle. Limit the use of a hairdryer.
7. Manage stress. Find time for yoga, meditation, soothing drink teas and herbal infusions.
8. Minimize exposure to pollutants on the scalp. Use shampoos and detergents that contain sodium laureth sulfate.

Methods of treating baldness

Baldness in women (causes and treatment set individually), in some cases passes on its own, and sometimes require systemic treatment.

For this purpose:

• growth funds, which must be applied continuously until fully grown new hair;
• steroids reduce inflammation and damage to the hair follicle;
• corticosteroids in the treatment of alopecia areata;
• estrogen, reducing levels of male hormones (testosterone) in women;
• immunological drugs that affect the immune system cells, usually used in alopecia areata;
• antibiotics and antifungals, if the alopecia was caused by an infection;
• diet adjustment;
• controlling the amount of vitamins;
• the use of professional and home remedies for hair restoration.

Medications

When androgenetic alopecia drugs are used:

1. Minoxidil. The currently preferred treatment of androgenic alopecia is the local administration of 2% minoxidil. In the treatment using a dropper, by means of which solution is applied to the dry scalp 2 times per day. The drug is not recommended for pregnant women and children under the age of 18 years.
2. Aldactone. Dose is determined individually. Available as tablets and injectable solution.
3. Tretinoin. Drugs that stimulate tissue regeneration, strengthens the immune system. Used in small doses after consulting a doctor.
4. Finasteride. Not recommended for women of childbearing age, only in post-menopausal.

Treatment options for alopecia areata in adult women:

Lesions scalp less than 50%	Lesions of the scalp for more than 50%
Corticosteroid injections (Kenalog), 1 month	Topical application of cream Anthralin + 5% Minoxidil solution every day
Corticosteroid injections once a month 1 + local application of a solution or a corticosteroid lotion 2 times a day	Topical administration of the corticosteroid lotion or cream + Minoxidil 5% solution, 2 times a day
Corticosteroid injections once a month 1 + local application of Minoxidil 5% solution, 2 times a day	Prednisolone 40 mg orally for 7 days, then the dose reduction to 5 mg every few days for 6 weeks
Prednisolone 20 mg orally every day or every other day	Referral to a dermatologist for a local immunotherapy

Treatment of diffuse alopecia is based on correcting the root causes of the outflow of the telogen. It may be wrong diet, stress, post-operative condition.

A drug	properties	application	Price in rubles.
Keratin	Synthesizes protein, vitamin B5	Cover the hair strand	250
Pantovigar	Tonic, antioxidant	1 capsule 3 times a day for 3 months.	1 thousand. 500
minoxidil	It promotes the growth of new follicles	2% solution twice a day applied to the scalp	1 thousand. 300
Selentsin	Increases blood flow, speed up metabolism	9-week course for 8 pellets 5 times a day	300
L-cysteine	Substituent sulfur atoms	500-1000 mg per day	1 thousand. 400
Esvitsin	Contains micro and macro	2 to 3 times weekly fasting 1 tbsp. l.	160

vitamins

Taking vitamins can delay the process of hair loss, improve its structure, to restore growth.

Title	What is it needed for	How to use	Price in rubles.
biotin	It strengthens the hair structure	30 mg per day	110
Zinc + vitamin C	Antioxidant	270 mg 1 time per day	170
thiamin	boosts immunity	25 -50 mg per day	35
Riboflavin	Regulates oxidative processes	5 to 10 micrograms per day	100–120
Folic acid	synthesizes acid	400 micrograms a day	25
A nicotinic acid	It stimulates blood flow	15-50 mg per day	50
pyridoxine	Vitamin B6 group	80 .mu.g per day	120

Traditional methods

Baldness in women process is unpleasant. If the reasons do not require drug treatment, it is possible to restore growth with the help of natural products.

1. Massage oil head. Used for rubbing base oils: coconut, almond, castor or olive oil. To this was added a few drops of rosemary essential oil or Argan. The mixture is rubbed with light massage into the skin. You can do this every week.
2. Fenugreek. Seeds it contain substances similar to hormones that enhance hair growth. The seeds are soaked overnight in water. On the morning of them do paste-like substance, which is then rubbed into the skin. After that you should cover your head with polyethylene or a shower cap and leave it in this condition for 40 minutes. Rinse with warm water, dry it in a natural way, without a hair dryer. The procedure is repeated daily for 1 month.
3. Onion juice. The antibacterial properties of vegetables have long been known. According to a study by dermatologists, 74% had used this recipe, feel faster hair growth and strengthen its structure. Strained onion juice rubbed into the scalp and left for 30 minutes. Then the head should be washed with a mild shampoo. For onion juice can add a gel of aloe vera.

Good results give products:

1. beet juiceWho drink daily, to which you can add the juice of spinach, carrots.
2. Flax-seed. Daily intake of 1 tbsp. l. freshly ground seeds with a glass of water will help to prevent hair loss.

Other methods

In severe alopecia of any type of medication can improve the condition, but does not cure it. Therefore, some have resorted to hair restoration procedures.

• Fotobiomodulyatsiya. Low-energy laser light helps to grow back new hair. The result is visible in 2-4 months.
• Transfer. This procedure involves moving hair on istonchonnye areas. The problem in this case lies in the fact that hair loss in women is the appearance of fine hair all over the place, so the amount of available-for transplantation, very little. It is suitable if the hair loss occurred from injuries, burns.
• Micropigmentation. Procedure, during which the scalp is applied via a special pigment trihodermografa. After sessions visually creates a picture of the density of hair.

possible complications

Baldness in women is not a medical disorder, if not associated with systemic diseases. It only influences the emotional state and causes discomfort.

Loss is permanent, and sometimes change hairstyle is able to hide flaws and enhance self-esteem. Baldness in many women the process is reversible. The earlier identified the causes, the treatment will be faster and more efficient.

Author: Anna Belyaeva

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