Pityriasis versicolor - fungal infection of the skin. The disease is common among young people and is infectious in nature. Treatment of pathology is performed by using several groups of drugs. Favorable outcome in the fight against fungal infection is directly connected with the explanation of the causes that triggered the disease.
The content of the article:
- 1 What is pityriasis versicolor
- 2 Types of multi-colored lichen
- 3 Stage and grade of multi-colored lichen
- 4 Symptoms of multi-colored lichen
- 5 The reasons for the emergence of multi-colored lichen
- 6 Diagnosis of multi-colored lichen
- 7 When to see a doctor
-
8 treatments multi-colored lichen
- 8.1 Medications
- 8.2 Traditional methods
- 8.3 Other methods
- 9 possible complications
- 10 Interesting video about the symptoms and treatments multi-colored lichen
What is pityriasis versicolor
Pityriasis versicolor - superficial nature fungal disease affecting the skin horny layer and characterized by the formation of pigmented spots in different colors. Pathology differs prolonged course and manifestation of relapse.
The causative agent is a multi-colored lichen fungus Malassezia furfur. The most common disease susceptible young men and women, at least - children up to 7 years. The elderly do not suffer from a pathology due to the age-structure of the skin.
Types of multi-colored lichen
There are two classifications tinea versicolor: depending on the color depth of the rash and lesions of the skin.
Shade spots arising in the course of the disease, allows you to split multi-colored shingles on these types:
- the black;
- pink;
- yellow;
- red;
- ahromichesky.
By the nature of lesions are distinguished:
- eritematoskvamozny versicolor - pigmented spots are located in the upper part of the body, wherein the inflammatory process is absent;
- follicular versicolor - pityriasis spots have inflammatory foci - pustules and papules diameter of 2-3 cm, itching is present;
- invert versicolor - rash, located in the natural folds of the body.
Stage and grade of multi-colored lichen
Pityriasis versicolor (treatment, medication prescribed by a doctor, dermatologist) has several stages of development:
- The incubation period (the duration from 2-3 weeks to 2-3 months);
- stage of clinical manifestations (occurrence of rashes on the body);
- remission (elimination of pathology via treatment).
Symptoms of multi-colored lichen
In the early stages of the pathology manifested by skin rash in the form of spots of various shapes and localization. Pathogen fungal disease suppresses the production of melanin pigment which causes the formation gipopegmentirovannyh sites on the skin.
Under the influence of ultraviolet rays, they become highly visible bright hues stand out against the background of tanned skin.
Circular spots have a size of 1-2 cm, tend to increase and draining in extensive areas of the skin lesion. Initially, they formed around the mouth of the hair follicle, and then grow, forming a shape with irregular contours.
Eruptions are characterized by:
- absence of signs of inflammation;
- pink, brown, dark brown color;
- peeling the upper layer of the epidermis;
- localization in the back, neck, chest, abdomen;
- in some cases - the presence of itching.
Often the rash does not cause discomfort to the patient, it does not cause discomfort on palpation.
The reasons for the emergence of multi-colored lichen
The main cause of pathology is a yeast-like fungus, parasite in the horny layer of the epidermis. Activation of fungal infection promotes sweating.
At risk are people:
- involved in sports;
- working in hot shops with high humidity;
- prefer clothes made of synthetic materials;
- do not observe good personal hygiene.
Other precipitating factors for tinea versicolor include:
- a weakened immune system;
- diabetes;
- obesity;
- Cushing's syndrome;
- dystonia;
- psycho-emotional disorders.
In rare cases fungal pathogen infection is transmitted from the carrier in close prolonged contact.
Diagnosis of multi-colored lichen
Pityriasis versicolor (treatment, drugs do not guarantee the absence of cases of relapse) diagnosed at the reception dermatologist after inspection and Dermatoscopy affected areas, as well as using samples of iodine Balzer.
Dermoscopy - research method, the essence of which is the use of special dermatologist a magnifying device that allows to consider centers of skin fungal infection by tenfold increase.
For the procedure used as a regular Dermatoscope and digital, By which one can take a picture element suspicious skin. The average cost method - from 600 rubles.
Iodine sample Balzer - technique, in which an alcoholic solution of iodine to determine the nature of the lesion of the skin. For this purpose, the affected area is rubbed with a solution of iodine and observing the reactions in the skin.
Struck horny layer absorbs iodine and becomes bright brownish color, which is different from the color of healthy skin. Thus iodine sample is considered positive and gives rise to diagnose the presence of pathology.
Additional methods of diagnosis of the disease also include:
- Microscopy desquamated particles lesions;
- examination under a fluorescent lamp Wood;
- taking crops on Wednesday Saburo.
When microscopy flakes, particles of delaminated corneal layer observed under a microscope. The presence of tinea versicolor fungus is found will testify with curved, thick and short filaments and clusters of circular argument in the form of clusters. The average cost of the study is 400 rubles.
Inspection under fluorescent lamp Wood - a diagnosis method, wherein by ultraviolet radiation is determined pathological processes on the skin.
Special portable lamp illuminates patches on the skin and emits a brighter color the places that impressed the influence of the fungus. This technique is most often used in the study of the scalp. The average price in the clinics - 300-400 rub.
Saburo environment - built environment to supply various types of fungi, which fit taken from the skin scraping and watch the further development of the sample. In the presence of multi-colored lichen in crops on Wednesday Saburo after 3 weeks from the time of the analysis creamy colonies grow.
When to see a doctor
At the first suspicions of pathology course is necessary to consult a dermatologist.
Distressing symptoms that require medical consultation:
- stains pink or light-brown color in the neck, chest, back, neck;
- expressed peeling skin portions;
- a marked increase of foci formed;
- burning sensation, itching;
- the appearance of papules and pustules in spots.
Discomfort and purulent processes in the presence pityriasis versicolor indicate joining secondary infection, which penetrated into the skin via the infected horny layer.
treatments multi-colored lichen
The basic principle of treatment consists in bringing about enhanced exfoliation horny layer of epidermis in order to cleanse the skin of the elements affected by a fungus. Treatment of multi-colored lichen includes the use of drug therapy as well as some traditional medicines.
Medications
The main way to eliminate the disease is the use of topical antifungal agents. In rare cases, the drugs used for systemic effects. Antifungal drugs are divided into groups, each of which includes a number of agents (ointments, lotions, tablets, sprays) to fight disease.
| Imidazoles - have a broad spectrum of action, have a devastating effect on pathogenic fungi. |
|
| Triazoles - drugs in pill form, is well tolerated and rapid absorption in the gastrointestinal tract. |
|
| Allylamines have broad spectrum antifungal activity, preferably have fungicidal activity. |
|
Antifungal ointments and creams act locally on the affected site and are used comprehensively with oral drugs, destroy fungal spores.
The list of effective ointments and gels:
- travogen - antifungal and antibacterial cream. The main active ingredient in the composition: isoconazole nitrate. The drug is applied to the affected areas with a thin layer 1 once a day. The duration of treatment 14-21 days. The average cost - 500 rubles.
- Lamisil - cream, causing the death of fungal cells by changing the sterol biosynthesis. Applied 1-2 times a day for 2 weeks. The cream is applied to a thin layer on the cleaned and dried skin. The average price - 550 rubles.
- Ekzodril - preparation in cream form external action, penetrating well into different layers of the skin and ensures the removal of yeasts. Means applied to the lesions 1 time a day after the pre-treatment of the skin. Duration of treatment from 2 to 4 weeks. The cost in pharmacies - from 450 rubles.
Antifungals systemic effects in the form of tablets include the following agents:
- fluconazole - oral agent having a high activity against fungal enzymes. The dosage regimen is assigned individually and 50-400 mg 1 time per day. The duration of treatment depends on the speed of clinical effect. The average cost - 30 rubles.
- Orungal - an antifungal drug. Product: capsules. Means take immediately after a meal and 1 tablet for 7 days. Price - from 2100 rubles.
- Nizoral - a means of reducing the breeding activity and the growth of fungi and lead to their death. The required single dose of 200 mg (1 tablet). In the absence of pronounced therapeutic effect daily dose increased to 400 mg. Duration of reception vary from 1 week to 2 months. The average cost - 350-400 rubles.
For the treatment of multi-colored lichen also apply special solutions and sprays, intended for the topical treatment of lesions:
- Kanesten - spray mainly active substance is Clotrimazole a broad spectrum antimycotic action. Means is sprayed on the skin with a thin layer 2 times a day. For the treatment of multi-colored lichen course duration is from 1 to 3 weeks.
- Termikon - spray with a broad spectrum of antifungal activity. Apply to the affected area of the epidermis, 2 times a day for one week. The price of the product - 370 rubles.
- Fungoterbin - preparation against yeasts in the form of a spray. To achieve therapeutic effect spraying onto the skin 2 times per day for 7 days. Cost of equipment - from 330 rubles.
An important step in the treatment of multi-colored lichen is rubbing the lesions of salicylic acid at least twice a day.
Recommended use of drugs yodoforov:
- betadine;
- yodopiron;
- Vokadin.
Traditional methods
Pityriasis versicolor (treatment formulations include the use of broad-spectrum antifungal action) can be eliminated by traditional medicine recipes. Folk remedies are part of a comprehensive drug therapy and help accelerate the process of eliminating pathology.
For treatment of tinea versicolor use herbs, extracts of which are made for indoor and outdoor use as well as curative ointment.
Recipes of traditional medicine:
- The infusion of calendula and blackberry leaves. 1 tbsp. l. dried marigold flowers and 2 tbsp. l. blackberry leaves mix in the container and pour 200 ml of boiling water. Infuse the resulting solution for 2 hours, and to use 3 times a day for 50 ml.
- Infusion of needles for the treatment of lesions. 100 g pine needles pour 500 ml of water, add 1 h. l. vinegar. The resulting solution insist in a cool dark place for 3 days. At the expiration of the time infusion drain and wipe the skin in the areas of education spots, 2 times a day.
- Decoction of peppermint. 20 g of peppermint pour 1 cup boiling water and then simmered for 10-15 min. Cool the solution and filter. Conduct skin treatment 2 times a day.
- Ointment from St. John's wort. Dry powder mix plants with vaseline in the proportion 1: 4. The resulting ointment is applied to the affected areas three times a day.
- Ointment of propolis. 20 g of dry propolis mixed with 50 g of softened butter and leave the mixture for 12 hours. After the specified time propolis oil boiled at low heat for 10 minutes. The mixture was poured into a glass jar and cool. Use 2-3 times a day.
- Apple vinegar. Apple vinegar used in pure form. Cotton pads soaked in the solution and wipe the lesions in the morning and evening.
- Poultice of boiled buckwheat. 50 g of buckwheat boiled and milled to a state of a liquid slurry. Use as a compress on the affected skin 1 time per day.
Other methods
Pityriasis versicolor (treatment, drugs aimed at the affected exfoliation of the stratum corneum) not only eliminated with medication, but physiotherapy.
The main physical therapy procedures include:
- Medium wave ultraviolet therapy - application of ultraviolet radiation, whose rays penetrate the skin to a depth of 1 mm and cause it a series of biochemical changes: increases the protective function, has a restorative effect on the skin veils. The procedure is performed 1 time in 2-3 days. Total number of sessions for one course should not exceed 4 times. It is recommended to carry out a second course of a month. The average cost of the irradiation zone 1 ranges from 140 to 450 rubles.
- ultrasound therapy - method of treatment of diseases using ultrasound, which allows to reduce the frequency of exacerbations and improve skin condition. To conduct therapy using a special device that emits ultrasonic waves. treatment course, all manipulations were carried out in the water. The patient puts his hands or feet in the water bath, which is placed and the emitter. Duration of the procedure does not exceed 15 minutes. The cost is 400 rubles.
- Laser therapy - the use of a laser beam to improve the condition of the skin, enhance the metabolic processes and the normalization of the local immunity. Distinguish contact and remote laser therapy. When a remote radiation source positioned over an infected area at a distance of 50 cm or more. When the contact treatment of the optical fiber is in contact with the skin surface. cost of the procedure varies from 500 to 1200 rubles.
In addition to physical therapy, some dermatologists use to eliminate the disease by handling Dem'yanovich.
Its essence lies in the use of solutions of sodium thiosulfate and hydrochloric acid. The principle of operation is based on exposure of said antiparasitic components. Initially, the affected area was treated with sodium thiosulfate, twice with an interval of 10 minutes. Then hydrochloric acid solution is applied.
possible complications
Pityriasis versicolor prolonged absence of treatment or the use of unsuitable preparations can trigger the development of minor complications:
- defeat newly formed centers of large areas of the skin;
- joining more infection causing itching, discomfort, redness of the skin;
- a high risk of progression of the disease into a chronic form, characterized by frequent relapses and periods of exacerbation.
Due to the fact that the spots do not tan when exposed to sunlight in the hot season pathology causes defects of cosmetic nature in the form of white spots on the background of dark tanned skin. Pityriasis versicolor - a very common disease in which the important time to start treatment with antifungal drugs.
Otherwise, the disease can progress and spread over large areas of skin. As a preventive measure to eliminate the chance of recurrence is important to undergo a second course of drug therapy, hygiene and avoid excessive sweating.
Interesting video about the symptoms and treatments multi-colored lichen
Causes and symptoms:
Treatment of lichen:
