Tics in children. Symptoms, causes, treatment of children, how to get rid of than to treat, what to do. Tablets, psychosomatic medicine, says Komarovsky

According to the leading neurologists, nervous tick occurs every 4 th child. Despite the frightening symptoms, the disease is benign and weak forms do not require treatment.

What is tic

Tic - a group of repetitive movements of muscle groups, uncontrollable by humans. The deviation is expressed by small jerks. The mechanism of the disease has a functional nature and is not associated with structural lesions of the nervous system. Only 1% of muscle cramps - a consequence of serious diseases of the nervous system.

Causes

Tics are divided into primary and secondary. Primary tics - independent of the disease, and the secondary - a consequence of a chronic illness.

There are several causes of primary tics:

1. severe stress. Stress can be caused by fright, troubled atmosphere in the family, serious loss.
2. Tick ​​the beginning of the school year. According to the calculations of psychologists, every tenth grader tic occurs because of an unusual situation, a new team, the rules that were not in kindergarten.
3. Eating disorders. Due to the lack of calcium and magnesium in the developing organism arise muscle cramps.
4. Excess caffeine. Being a strong stimulant, coffee and drinks its contents causes nervous tics in the child.
5. Overwork. When fatigue baby brain can not cope with the usual tasks. Disruptions in the brain cause tics.
6. Genetic predisposition. Geneticists have shown that a tic is inherited in 50% of cases.

Causes of tics are related:

• congenital abnormalities;
• physical injury;
• infectious diseases;
• accumulation of toxins in the body;
• oncology;
• diabetes;
• encephalopathy;
• neuralgia of various genesis;
• post-partum trauma;
• vascular dystonia;
• hereditary diseases.

Primary tics occur mainly during development neurodevelopmental from 6 to 12 years, secondary - 6 years, as a consequence of the presence of chronic disease.

Classification

Tics in children, which is easy to recognize the symptoms, divided into several types:

types of ticks
By the force of expression
local	Teak is localized in one muscle or muscle group, and does not change its location during the entire course of the disease.
multiple	Twitching appear in different parts of the body simultaneously.
generalized	Tiki spread throughout the body, ranging from facial and ending with the feet, combining the features of the motor and the local ticks.
for the duration of
transitory	Tics occur suddenly and last for less than a year. Sometimes the muscle contractions take place without a trace, sometimes after a time there again.
Chronic	Tics lasting more than a year, moving from one muscle group to another, or localized in one muscle for a long time.
At the place of occurrence
mimic	Tics occur on the face, appear blinking, grimacing, gnashing of teeth.
motor	It occurs twitching limbs and other skeletal muscles
vocal	Vocal tics cause throat spasms, manifesting itself in the form of unexpected exclamations, sighs, sniff
sensory	The child are freezing limbs felt heaviness in the body, leading to the emergence of uncontrolled contractions.

Depending on what kind of tics in children, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment have their own characteristics.

Symptoms and signs

Primary tics occur in situations of strong psycho-emotional turmoil.

Their characteristic features are:

• wink;
• twitching of the shoulders;
• grimaces;
• creaking teeth;
• shaking and swinging the limbs;
• melteshenie;
• play with hair;
• outcries;
• heavy sighs;
• grunting sounds;
• grunting.

Tic in the child appears not only on the physical but also on psycho-emotional level.

Most often, the symptoms of the primary internal teak occur unnoticed by the parents, but they should be wary if:

• The child is anxious than usual.
• The child is distracted and has trouble concentrating, gets tired quickly.
• Throughout the week the child is listless and depressed, in the movements of visible severe retardation, impaired coordination of movements.
• The child became worse learn, restless, tired quickly.
• A child experiencing lightheadedness stuffy in confined spaces, it swayed in transport.

Tics in children, the symptoms depend on the chronic disease it is secondary, and manifests itself in different ways:

• Tic a child with diabetes accompanied by dizziness, incontinence, fatigue.
• After the child is a traumatic brain injury complain of headaches, dizziness, convulsions, fear of light.
• When vegetative-vascular dystonia child changeable mood is constantly disturbed by something bad it feels stuffy rooms and transport.

When tic is accompanied by additional symptoms, the focus is on the accompanying symptoms, get rid of that leads to recovery of the child from the secondary nervous tic.

First aid for nervous tics

You need to know how to give first aid to the child.

There are several ways to quickly eliminate muscle contraction:

1. Abstraction. Tics in children, the symptoms of which were caused by fatigue, will only increase if the games distract the baby with the technique or television transmissions. It is better to give the child a toy, offer to play an entertaining game, puzzle interesting question, captivate painting or sculpting.
2. pressing. Good help get rid of nervous tic pressing the eye. To do this, hold your finger in an arc above the eyebrow, 10 seconds. Then transferred to a finger corners of the eyes and also is pressed for 10 seconds.
3. squinting. To quickly get rid of the optic nervous tic both eyes with force zazhmurivayut 3-5 sec., Straining muscles of the eyelids. Then open your eyes and give them a rest for 1 minute. Repeat the exercise must be 3 times.

Diagnostics

If tics interfere with the child's adaptation to the social environment, should be written to a neurologist. During the examination, the doctor will determine how the child is developing, there are no irregularities in the functioning of the nervous system and the musculoskeletal system.

After examination, the doctor-neurologist gives direction to the CBC to identify or rule out infections in the child.

on ionogram given direction to determine the content of bone calcium and magnesium system. Analysis of worms also need to pass in order to exclude the presence of parasitic diseases that cause tics.

If a child is dropped or bumped his head, the doctor will prescribe an MRI to rule out or confirm the defeat of the blood vessels of the brain. To register, the increased activity of the brain neurologist gives direction on electroencephalography.

Sometimes neurologist directs the child to other specialists:

1. If nervous tic was preceded by a serious stressful situation, you need to show it to a therapist, who will pick up adequate treatment.
2. If the blood count revealed that the child is suffering from infections, a specialist will give a direction to the infectious diseases.
3. When intoxication help toxicologist.
4. If there is a suspicion of oncology, the child must show an oncologist and conduct additional studies, which confirm or refute the diagnosis.
5. If a nervous tic - a hereditary disease, you should consult a physician-geneticist, who will select the appropriate treatment based on the overall picture of the disease in relatives.

Treatment

Approximately 13-15% of nervous tics go away over time on their own, without the intervention of a neurologist. With weak nervous ticks enough to avoid stressful situations, respect the order of the day, eat right. When tic expressed strongly and prevent the child to develop fully, it is necessary to begin treatment immediately, to restore process took place without serious consequences for the child.

In addition to the treatment prescribed by a specialist, medication, physiotherapy, psychotherapy, you must create an atmosphere in which the child will be comfortable.

It is important to reduce physical and mental stress during treatment. Good nutrition gives the body a chance to get in enough calcium and magnesium, and a deep sleep to restore the functioning of the nervous system.

The introduction of the regime of the day must be a child suffering from a nervous tic.

Predictability helps children cope with the negative effects of stress and reduce the symptoms of a nervous tic. At the time of treatment is necessary to limit the presence of the child at the computer or watching television, replacing hours spent at the screen in the entertaining games and long walks.

Social adaptation plays an important role in decreasing hyperkinesis, so treatment is best done on an outpatient basis.

therapies

The most effective treatment is complex, which involves working with psychologist, non-drug and optionally drug therapy.

behavioral therapy

The therapist teaches the child to cope with some of the manifestations of nervous tics, explaining the essence of the disease and help to better adapt to the social environment, learn to control their emotions.

Non-pharmacological therapy

Non-pharmacological treatment is aimed at restoring the satisfactory condition of the nervous system of the organism and normalizing psychic status. When the non-drug treatment is important to follow the regime of the day, attend physical therapy prescribed by the doctor.

drug therapy

Medicines are prescribed depending on the child's condition. Assign sedatives, psychotropic drugs or medications that improve blood circulation and metabolism.

medicines

Drug treatment of tics begin when other methods are not effective. Apply the medication can only be prescribed by a doctor.

Novo-Pass	Sedatives plant-based. Novo-Pass has a complex effect: helps to reduce emotional stress, normalizes sleep. It is recommended to apply the preparation by 2 tsp 2-3 times a day
Kvetiksol	Antipsychotic drug. Kvetiksol helps eliminate anxiety and fear, relieve tension. Apply the drug to 10 mg 2 times a day after meals.
vinpocetine	The drug is plant-based, improves cerebral circulation. Vinpocetine inhibits the formation of blood clots, dilates blood vessels, reduces the content of vitamin D in the muscles, which causes excess tics. Apply the drug should be 2 times a day to 12 mg every half hour after the meal.
Noofen	Neuroprotective drugs. Normalizes brain metabolism, improves blood circulation, speeds up falling asleep. Apply the product to children of preschool age, 100 mg 3 times a day, schoolchildren, increase the dose to 250 mg 3 times a day.
ì	Tranquilizer appointed with highly symptomatic. Ì removes the anxiety, relieves fears, improves sleep, reduces motor activity, helps a child relax. Toddlers appoint 1 mg 2 times a day. Older preschoolers appoint 2 mg 2 times a day. Pupils administered 3 mg 2 times a day. The course of treatment lasts no more than 2 months.

Selection of medicines in secondary neuronal ticks depends on chronic disease.

In infectious diseases hospitalized patient taken and hold a combination therapy comprising two kinds of drugs: antibacterials, and antivirals. When mental disorder doctor prescribes psychotropic medications that help stabilize the child.

Diabetes mellitus treated with insulin therapy to normalize blood glucose levels. When vegetative-vascular dystonia prescribe vitamins, drugs that help to better adapt to the social environment, tools to improve cerebral blood flow and productivity.

Psychotherapy

Cope with nervous tics helps family therapy. It is effective when in conversation with parents and child specialist in family relations reveals a traumatic situation: parents quarrel, indifference to the child, or on the contrary - reinforced guardianship.

Family therapy is useful in the case, if the family is a harmonious relationship. The psychologist helps parents and the child to look at the nerve tics problem from another angle and comfortable about their manifestations.

The psychologist will tell you that you should not focus on health issues, but joint activities and time spoken word can work wonders in helping your child to better adapt to the social environment.

An efficient method of disposal is by nerve tics and psychological correction. It is conducted with children who are lagging in development or poorly adapted to the society due to nervous tics. Psychologist helps a child to develop memory and attention, teaches self-control.

If a child is suffering from a nervous tic, has trouble communicating with classmates or teachers, it is necessary to solve the problem together with the class teacher and the school psychologist. Only the timely treatment of parents will help the child to adapt to society.

Nutrition and daily routine

In the treatment of nervous tics in children is necessary to observe the daily routine. The child should go to sleep and wake up at the same time, eating time.

Meals should be correct. The disadvantage in the organism of calcium, magnesium, and glycine, as well as their abundance, negative impact on the throughout the nervous system is disrupted neuromuscular conduction which causes seizures, spasm and nerve tics.

At the time of treatment is recommended to introduce the following products to the diet:

• black whole grain bread;
• Brown rice;
• buckwheat;
• salad, greens, cabbage
• fish and seafood;
  
• milk products;
• egg;
• lean meat (chicken, rabbit, turkey, beef)
• sesame;
• nuts;
• brown sugar.

From beverages is acceptable to use weaker green tea and herbal infusions, pets compotes, mineral water with a magnesium containing minerals.

Exclude from the diet of these products must be:

• baking;
• pasta;
• potatoes;
• bananas;
• white sugar.

It is strictly forbidden the use of coffee and coffee-containing beverages, including tea, cocoa, soda and energy drinks.

Lack of sleep increases the child's susceptibility to the effects of negative factors, making it aggressive and irritable. That the child felt comfortable, he must sleep 8 hours. at night and in the possibility to 2 hours. after lunch. Parents need to ensure that the child is not overtired, eat right, not doing a snack, go to bed on time.

Recommended daily routine of children with a nervous tic:

Act	Time
Climb	7:00
Charging morning procedures	7:00 – 7:30
Breakfast	7:30 – 7.50
The road to educational institution	7.50 – 8.30
Lessons	8.30 – 13.00
stroll	13:00 – 13:30
Dinner	13:30 – 14:00
quiet time	14.00 – 15.30
stroll	15.30 – 16.00
afternoon snack	16.00 – 16.15
Homework, reading, games	16.15 – 17.30
Active games in the street, housework	17.30 – 19.00
Dinner	19.00 – 19.30
Recreation	19.30 – 20.30
Preparation for sleep	20.30 – 21.00
retreat	21:00

Physiotherapy

Under the influence of physical therapy in children suffering from nervous tics, there was a significant reduction in the incidence of motor and vocal tics. Complex physical therapy helps to normalize the psycho-emotional state of children, reduces anxiety and improves mood.

Physiotherapist after a little examination of the patient is a treatment regimen, depending on the clinical picture. Most often, children prescribed electrophoresis with iodine and bromine, acupuncture, therapeutic massage, herbal baths.

Acupuncture

Acupuncture, due to the effect on specific points on the skin of the child, helps get rid of nervous tics. acupuncture treatment improves blood, normalizes psychoemotional background and the nervous system. The duration of treatment does not exceed 10 sessions.

Despite the beneficial effects on the nervous system, acupuncture has its contraindications:

• fever;
• infectious diseases;
• children up to 7 years.

Osteopathy

Osteopathy is used in the treatment of tics, as an independent method, and in the combined treatment with other therapies. Osteopath acts directed at the cause of the tics, eliminating the anatomical abnormalities, leading to compression of the nerves that provokes nervous tics.

After treatment improves the function of the brain vessels, normal condition of the nervous system. The child becomes more active, better adapted to the social environment, to cope with the physical and mental stress.

Massage

Positive effect on the course of the disease therapeutic massage. It normalizes muscle tone, improves blood circulation and the nervous system. used in the treatment of nervous tics. The main technique for massage from a nervous tic is stroking. masseur's hand glides on the child's body, avoiding the painful pinching and tapping.

If tics are accompanied by tantrums and heightened emotionality, help reduce stress and susceptibility to external stimuli rubbing the 7th cervical vertebra and cervical spine.

Pushing the little fingers of both hands along the blades, and the pads of the other 4 fingers along the spine to improve circulation and to correct anatomical problems.

A calming effect on the child's scalp massage. To do this, put the baby on the chair with padded backrest and with a flat combs make the parting. Thereafter produce light pressing forefinger for 1 minute. Then a parting stroke with one finger, and then make the spiral movement along the parting.

After the spiral has passed around the parting is indented by 1.5 cm and massage repeated. For once you can make about 10 partings. Massage can be performed both professionals and at home. However, before you start to massage their own, parents need to see a physician does.

Folk remedies

Tics in children, the symptoms of which do not have time to manifest itself in full force, and treated with traditional medicine. Relieve symptoms of hyperkinesis herbal infusions and decoctions. Help to reduce the incidence of nervous tics camomile tea, a decoction of the fruit of the hawthorn, infusion of anise drops, soothing collection of valerian, motherwort and mint.

In the treatment of nervous tic help honey bath. The water temperature of 38 C is added 1-2 tbsp. l. nezasaharennogo natural honey. Child put in the bathroom for 10-15 min. Repeat the procedure 3 times a week. Honey bath strengthens the nervous system, improve blood circulation, relieve hyperexcitability.

Compress from geranium leaves helps reduce the incidence of nervous tic. 10 sheets of plants pulverized and applied to a muscle twitch. After that, the place is covered with a gauze bandage. After 1 h. the bandage is removed and the skin was washed with warm water. The most effective treatment for a few hours before bedtime. Repeat the procedure recommended in the week.

The baby, who suffers from nervous tics, slept quietly in bed put pillows stuffed with herbs: lavender, chamomile, mint.

Aromatherapy helps to reduce the frequency of manifestations of nervous tic. A child can buy aromakulon, pouring to the essential oils of orange, lavender, sage. These traditional treatments teak help the child cope with muscle twitching.

Features of treatment of infants

Up to 3 months of tremors in babies is normal. However, parents should be wary if a tremor is asymmetric and shows too much. Tics in children can occur for several reasons: the immaturity of the nervous system, hypoxia, premature birth.

Tremor in newborns has the following symptoms: trembling lower lip and chin, trembling of the hands and feet, twitching when crying or after swimming. If, after three months of tremor symptoms are not reduced, parents should immediately consult a neurologist. Doctor will prescribe swimming bath, gym and massage therapy. Massage for infants should spend only a specialist.

The opinion of Dr. Komarovsky

Dr. Komorowski believes that the best prevention of many diseases of the nerve is the correct way of life the baby since birth.

He recommends a walk with your child outdoors, accustomed to the contrasting soul, creating a convenient mode of the day, according to the child's age.

Making the diet of the child, must take into account the amount of calcium in the musculoskeletal system. Deficit or surplus of negative impact on the course of the disease. In addition to physical health, it is necessary to recover and calm baby. The family should prevail peaceful, friendly atmosphere.

For this purpose, according to Komarovsky, you must comply with the four principles of parenting:

• Never need to compare the child with other children, it must be taken for what it is.
• It is important to praise the child for each win, and if the blame for misconduct, it is not becoming personal, trying to explain what his mistake
• We should not focus on the child's nervous tics. Relaxed attitude to the problem will help your child cope with the faster movements caused by hyperkinesis.
• You should not quarrel with each other in front of children. Clarification of the relationship between the adults makes the child vulnerable and it strengthens the nervous tics.

Tics a child can occur almost painlessly, if the parents time to notice the signs and turn to the neurologist. Only he can decide what treatment would be most effective in each case.

Author of the article: Siluyanova Antonina

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of the nervous tics of the child

Causes and symptoms of a nervous tic in children: