Staphylococcus aureus is a type of bacteria that is capable of parasite in the body of the child and cause a variety of complications. The process begins parasitism active due to the effect of provoking factors. Activity symptoms will depend on the type of pathogen and severity of the child's body.
The content of the article:
- 1 Features aureus disease
- 2 Causes and methods of infection
- 3 Symptoms Staphylococcus aureus
- 4 epidermal
- 5 hemolytic
- 6 saprophytic strain
- 7 differential diagnosis
- 8 drugs Infection Treatment
- 9 Treatment of folk remedies
- 10 Complications and prognosis
- 11 Videos about Staphylococcus aureus
Features aureus disease
The bacterium is widely distributed in the environment, and some of its members can live in the human body without causing any effect.
Staphylococcus features are:
- The bacterium is not capable of independent movement.
- Actively propagated under conditions of oxygen deficiency.
- Not involved in the sporulation process.
Ingress of harmful bacteria in the body does not provoke the emergence of any disease. Infection is being developed with the weakening of the protective functions of the body. Bacteria reproduction occurs by binary fission, which involves the impossibility of separating the two daughter cells from each other.
Staphylococcus aureus - is a gram-positive coccal bacteria in the form of a ball, which is resistant to temperature extremes, and brine. In laboratory studies the bacteria remains a bright yellow or orange, discolored, it is not possible.
Staphylococcal group of bacteria highly resistant to drug therapy applied to them, including the use of antibiotics. About 50% of staph bacteria can release a powerful poison effects on the body which leads to adverse effects and complications.
Causes and methods of infection
The moment of infection can occur at any stage of a child's life, and will depend on the influence of various factors.
Factors that may lead to disease, include:
- Contamination from an infected mother while carrying the child. For bacteria placental barrier is not an obstacle at the time of the penetration of a child. The infection can persist in the birth canal and spread during childbirth.
-
Transfer of bacteria when contacted with a carrier of infection. The bacteria retain the ability to thriving within 2-3 weeks on household items, so infection may occur not only by droplet infection, but also for general use objects.
- food processing has been done poorly or stale product. Only at a temperature of 100 ° C, the complete destruction of bacteria. Infection may occur during breast feeding after consuming nursing mother substandard product.
- The carrier in the family. According to statistics revealed at detecting bacteria in a child, approximately 60% were cases of staphylococcal carriage by a family member.
- Weak immune system of the child, Surgery, diseases of the skin and mucous membranes.
Prevent infection by droplets virtually impossible. The main carriers are those people who have the bacteria present in the body permanently. Carriage of infection has greatly spread among health workers, so child transmission can occur even at the doctor.
Symptoms Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus in children, symptoms of which will be described later, infants in the majority of cases is found in the feces on the skin or mucous membranes.
General symptomatic manifestations are as follows:
- With mass formation of colonies of pathogens the child may experience extensive skin rashes. Increased sensitivity is due to the formation of toxic substances and enzymes. Variety of skin rash may be of a different character and are manifested in the form of the appearance of fine bubbles that form a crust at damage.
- Stool irregularities. Fecal become foamy and liquid in the contents of impurities can be detected mucus or blood.
- Lack healing umbilical wound suppuration.
- Frequent sore throats.
- Rhinitis with purulent mucus, which is accompanied by an increase in body temperature and abundant mucus secretions of the nose.
- Otitis against the backdrop of staphylococcal infection.
- Stomatitis.
Organism older children have higher immunity.
It is for this reason that the symptoms are somewhat different:
- Skin rash and pustular acne presented inflammation. Affected tissue can become inflamed, leading to the formation of furuncles and carbuncles. The process can affect the scalp.
- Purulent rhinitis becomes chronic, but not accompanied by an increase in temperature.
- In the presence of bacteria in the gastrointestinal organs of the symptoms are similar to those that occur in cases of poisoning include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea. Streaked with blood or mucus can also be detected.
To confirm the accuracy of a presumptive diagnosis must pass tests that will determine the presence of the infectious agent in the body.
epidermal
The bacterium is harmless to the body of the child in the absence of wounds and injuries. Effect is manifested in the form of damage to the skin or mucous membranes of the child. During the absence of the influence factors provoking immune cells and protective properties of the organism will neutralize harmful effect.
The danger in the form of active manifestation of infection will increase in skin injury, after undergoing surgical intervention or the formation of sores.
That is why the epidermal type of disease relates to conditionally dangerous. Specific symptoms of the disease are common intoxication, the formation of inflammatory lesions on the skin. With a significant weakening of the immune system an infection can affect organs of the gastrointestinal tract.
hemolytic
Staphylococcus aureus in a child provokes the symptoms of hemolytic type most often - 87% of the 27 known types. He provokes the development purulent processes, and its action is aimed at the destruction of the cell structure. To many means of antibacterial action of this type of infection are resistant.
Prior to treatment it will spend some time, which is necessary to obtain the test results. The selection of drugs that can have a pronounced effect, should be implemented on the basis of the results obtained.
Staphylococcus aureus in children, the symptoms of which were given earlier for the type of hemolytic Infection is characterized by settlement groups of bacteria, which in appearance reminiscent of grape bunch. Striking a child's mucous membranes, the bacteria cause the development of an acute inflammatory process, which is symptomatically similar to SARS.
Symptoms of infection may not appear for a long time, because the body's defenses can suffice to suppress infection. Disease activity will be at a minimum level, which raises some difficulties in the study analyzes. During infection weakening the body as much as possible is activated, and the bacteria begin active propagation stage.
Primary extent of localized to the respiratory tract, then the organs and mucous membranes. Impact on the red blood cells occurs when it enters the bloodstream and cause their destruction. The infection may be suspected when fever, appearance of pustules, enlarged tonsils and abundant secretion from the nose.
saprophytic strain
Saprophytic staphylococci belong to the subtype of anaerobic bacteria which can continue its vital functions in the absence of oxygen. With a healthy condition of the child and the full functioning of the organism bacteria will not show its activity. Suppression of beneficial bacteria begins with the formation of precipitating factors.
Symptoms of the disease will be expressed:
- Frequent urination.
- The feeling of emptiness is not the bladder.
- Pain in the lower abdomen, which may increase during urination.
- Itching and burning.
Saprophytic type of infection found in children are rare. With timely treatment measures of inflammation of the urethra and bladder, which causes the pathogen can be eliminated in a few days.
differential diagnosis
If you suspect the presence of a staph infection in the body diagnostic testing is the only reliable method to confirm or refute the diagnosis. At home, it will be impossible to identify the disease.
Before the beginning of the survey the child should be returned to the following types of analyzes:
- Feces in the presence of the symptoms associated with the violation of the intestine or signs of dysbiosis.
- Mucus from the nose in the presence of symptoms characteristic of acute respiratory viral infections: rhinitis, cough, redness in the throat.
- Blood.
The child pathogenic bacteria Staphylococcus aureus is most pronounced activity in the acute phase, so the delivery of the analysis recommended in the period of time that characterize the presence of distinct symptoms.
Bacteriological sowing reveals typical signs of infection in the materials for analysis. If the diagnosis is confirmed, then the next step will be determined by examination of bacteria detected resistance to certain types of antibiotics.
This technique is used for the further purpose of effective treatment and only one group of drugs, which can suppress propagation of bacteria and neutralize their action.
During serological blood tests determine the level of presence of antibodies specific to staphylococcal type. In an additional study the PCR technique can be used, which allows precisely detect a specific DNA molecule bacteria.
For the mother of a child who is breastfed, whose infection in feces, the doctor may recommend also to be examined was found.
It will consist in taking on a sample of a small amount of breast milk, which will be tested for the presence of a disease pathogen. In identifying the pathogen most often cancel breastfeeding does not have sufficient will be the selection of the applicable acceptance of treatment.
Acceptable rate of the bacteria in the analysis is determined and set in each laboratory. When the test result margins have to be specified on the form.
drugs Infection Treatment
The main aim of the treatment will consist not only in relieving syndromes, and in the elimination of the main pathogen in the body of the child. For a comprehensive treatment approach should take into account the presence of comorbidities.
The following methods can be used to treat infection:
- Therapy at the local levelWhich consists in the treatment of wounds, inflammation, abscesses special solutions. Observed efficacy in the treatment of the affected areas with a solution of brilliant green.
- antibiotic therapy. Preparations should be administered only after conducting studies on determining the sensitivity of a particular group of bacteria to a drug type.
- Washing the inflamed areas.
- Receiving vitamin preparations.
- Acceptance means to enhance immunity.
Staphylococcus aureus in children, symptoms of which will vary depending on the type of pathogen, may result in the need for surgery and blood transfusion in very advanced, complicated cases.
After determining the stability of pathogen determined doctor means specific group of agents (penicillins, cephalosporins, macrolides):
| A drug | Act |
| amoxicillin | It inhibits the growth and proliferation of pathogenic microorganisms. |
| oxacillin | Is assigned to eliminate bacteria in the late stage of infection. |
| vancomycin | The death of the bacteria is due to destruction of the cell membrane staphylococci. |
| cefotaxime | It is effective, by suppressing the growth of saprophytic bacteria. |
| erythromycin | It suppresses the production of proteins in bacterial cell structure. |
topical medications prescribed for the treatment of skin inflammation and infection in the case of detection of the nasal mucosa. These tools are based on the active ingredient mupirocin, in particular Bactroban produced in two forms for internal and external use.
As drugs, the effect of which is directed to increase the protective properties of the organism doctor may recommend immunomodulating agents: ICR-19, Imudon, Broncho-moon.
To receive selected physician antibiotics should be taken responsibly: The entire course is necessary to pass completely and without interruption in the event of a sharp improvement in the condition and the symptoms subsided. Infection can be undertreated, leading to symptoms in the future when exposed to favorable factors for bacteria.
For drugs used before the infection becomes stable, so the next time will be assigned to the treatment drugs more powerful, and their effect on the body will be stronger.
Treatment of folk remedies
Folk remedies can not be considered a full-fledged alternative to medical treatment. Nontraditional methods can be used as adjunctive therapy to comprehensive drug treatment.
Among the most effective of the recommendations are:
- As a wound-healing agent can be applied mashed pulp of apricots fresh twice a day.
- To enhance the antimicrobial activity of drugs should be consumed fresh juice of black currant. Berries can also be added to tea.
- 1 tablespoon crushed dog rose berries pour 1 cup boiling water. The broth should simmer for 10-15 minutes. After cooling, the broth should drink 0.5 cups in the morning and evening.
- With the defeat of the skin is recommended to put burdock leaves to wounds and abscesses. Such a wrap can keep for a long time on the skin after fixing.
- In diseases of upper respiratory tract can be instilled into the nose preformed extracts of sage and plantain.
Each method of alternative medicine are allowed to use after the doctor's recommendations. Following the appointment of primary treatment should be put in a professional reputation and align the use of specific techniques.
Complications and prognosis
The infection can lead to the emergence of many complications, which will differ depending on the type of staphylococcal:
- When skin lesions: abscess, cellulitis, furunculosis.
- When inflammation of the mucous membranes: a protracted conjunctivitis, styes.
Staphylococcus aureus often causes the child stye - When a particularly dangerous form can occur blood poisoning - sepsis.
- Negative impact on the functioning of organs and systems.
Causing severe intoxication of the organism, the bacteria can cause the onset of toxic shock. Ignoring symptoms or incorrect treatment prolonged disease can lead to complications in the form of pneumonia, bronchitis, meningitis, pharyngitis, bone marrow inflammation, endocarditis.
the disease can not be overcome in the defeat of the organism Staphylococcus aureus baby without using drugs. When the characteristic symptoms in a child, seek medical help because at home to identify pathogenic bacteria is impossible.
Timely diagnostic examination and sound approach qualified expert on the appointment treatment will effectively eliminate the influence of harmful bacteria.
Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great
Videos about Staphylococcus aureus
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