Swelling of the knee. Causes and treatment, folk remedies, ointments, removing at home

One of the largest and hardiest of the joints in the body - the knee. Edema vital organ can occur suddenly and cause serious problems. Timely initiation of treatment will help maintain mobility, flexibility and knee function.

Causes of

Excessive accumulation of fluid in the tissues, serous cavities, resulting in a change in the physical properties of the body - this is called edema. Swollen knee is a common problem caused by accumulation of fluid around or in the knee joint. The disorder can be strong, light, develop suddenly or have lengthy nature of the lesion.

The knee joint capsule consists of which looks like a bag surrounding the entire joint. It contains the synovial fluid needed for lubrication and food joint, so that it moves smoothly, performs rotational movement. The capsule acts as a container holding a certain amount of liquid inside. Excess its causes edema.

Swelling of the knee, causes and treatment of which are described in many medical journals, is polyetiological disease.

The reasons can be many, some are related to injuries:

1. Hemarthrosis. Internal bleeding caused by trauma.
2. Effusion. Accumulation of synovial fluid, usually called "water in the knee."
3. Torn ligament.
4. cartilage tearing.
5. Fractures of the bones.
6. Overvoltage knee apparatus.

Other reasons are related to diseases:

• osteoarthritis;
• rheumatoid arthritis;
• gout;
• pseudogout;
• bursitis;

  

• infectious diseases;
• cyst;
• tumor.

there are certain risk factors for knee injuries:

1. Age. The probability of knee swelling associated with the development of age-related diseases, arthritis.
2. Obesity. Overweight creates an increased load on the joint, making its degeneration occurs. Being overweight increases the risk of developing osteoarthritis.
3. Sport. Elevated load lead to injuries of athletes, and consequently, occurrence of edema.

Edema in the knee occurs when the capsules accumulated inside the synovial fluid or the blood. Accumulation of blood is usually trauma

possible diseases

Pain in the knee otokshem can be acute, chronic, vary the place of localization:

1. Pain in the front of the knee. It is related to the lower leg, the joint gap, quadriceps muscle.
2. Pain in the back of the knee. Occurs when lesions of periarticular capsule.
3. The outer part of the knee. Pain occurs in lesions of the leg surrounding its fabrics.
4. The inner part. Pain is correlated with the gap of the knee and the thigh and shin and its surrounding tissue.

Types of injuries that cause swelling of the knee:

development of edema	lesions	symptoms
Quickly the swelling due to hemarthrosis, with congestion of blood	Complete ligament rupture	joint instability, sharp pain
The gap at the meniscus lesion cartilage outer edge covering the knee	Jam knee pain when climbing stairs, squatting
bone fracture	Swelling, severe pain
Latency swelling after injury for several hours	Stretching the knee, when several fibers damaged	The degree of swelling varies daily, gradually disappearing, soft tissue healing occurs within 6 weeks, the cartilage is much longer
torn meniscus cartilage in the defeat, the knee lining	Pain during movement, climbing stairs, bending
Chronic swelling develops gradually, not associated with the trauma	Arthritis that occurs due to wear and tear of cartilage that causes the body to produce extra fluid	Stiffness of joints, crepitus
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune form of arthritis	Morning stiffness, pain during movement is intermittent, depending on the load
Osteoarthritis, wherein the additional fluid is produced as the body's response to the main inflammation	Various sizes of kneecaps, swelling increases with increasing activity disappears at rest
Quickly the swelling without injury	Infection that gets into the knee joint due to surgery, injury, systemic infection of the whole organism (rheumatic fever, Reiter's syndrome)	Swelling, sometimes painful, general fatigue, fever, sometimes a rash on the body
Gout and pseudogout, when high levels of uric acid causes the formation of sharp needle-like crystals in joints	Strong long-term pain, especially at night, limitation of movement, redness of the skin, the pain lasts a few days, and then subside
Other causes of knee swelling	Bursitis in which inflamed small bags filled with liquid disposed between bones and soft tissues	Swelling in the front of the kneecap, pain during active operations, bending the knee
popliteal bursitis	Swelling of the knee, similar to orange
Hematoma at which knee injury causes accumulation of blood around the muscles	Besides swelling may form a firm lump
Rare causes of knee swelling	The displacement of the kneecap	Deformation of the knee pain, inability to straighten the leg
patellar tendonitis	Edema in front of the knee
Cancer tumor	Malaise: fatigue, weight loss, weight loss
Deep vein thrombosis, in which a blood clot occurs in the calf or thigh	Painful, red, hot vein otokshie knees
Spontaneous hemarthrosis or sudden internal bleeding from drugs, blood thinners	Swelling, slight pain when pressed.

Diseases of the knee device affects people of all ages. In children, most often diagnosed infectious and rheumatoid arthritis, in older people - gonarthrosis. Very often, tumors are observed in athletes with the defeat of the ligaments, meniscus injuries.

Diagnostics

Swelling of the knee, the causes and treatment of which are inextricably linked, is diagnosed primarily visually orthopedist or surgeon. In the case of prolonged chronic pain is better to turn to the rheumatologist.

Assess the condition of the bone structures to help:

1. X-ray diagnostics. Classical X-rays in a district clinic is free of charge, if you have an insurance policy. The private hospital will have to pay from 800 to 2 thousand. rub. You can order a digital X-ray examination, the advantage of which is the high-definition picture. Cost - 3 thousand. rub. Another embodiment of the x-ray - a study which allows to identify functional disturbances in the musculoskeletal system. Pictures are taken in the atypical situation of the patient's body. The cost of the study - from 3 thousand. rub.
2. Magnetic resonance imaging. In public institutions research can be done on the devices open and closed types, if they are available. The cost of the study - from 5 thousand. rub. In private clinics in the knee joint can be tested for 1 thousand. expensive.
3. Ultrasound examination. Ultrasound can be made by paying 600 rubles.
4. The study of joint fluid. Take a sample of synovial fluid and analyze its costs from 300 rubles.

Based on the results of physical examination, the doctor can determine the typical causes of knee effusion.

1. Fluid outside of the knee joint:

• bursitis in the presence of excess liquid accumulates in soft tissues;
• knee injury causes local swelling, in some cases, blood clots, and fluid can cause severe pain.

2. The liquid inside the knee indicates severe injury:

• cartilage tear;
• bone fracture;
• sprain.

When to see a doctor

Edema, which appeared in the knee, and is accompanied by unusual symptoms, should be a reason to see a doctor to determine the most appropriate treatment:

• I hear the squish of the knee.
• Knee after the onset of pain flowed quickly.
• Strong unbearable pain.
• There was a knee strain.
• There was difficulty in walking.
• The pain continued day and night.
• The impossibility of knee flexion.
• There are signs of infection: redness, fever, chills.

prevention

Swollen knee is usually the result of injury, chronic inflammation.

In order to manage their joints, prevent injuries, it is necessary to observe certain rules:

1. Strengthen knee muscles through exercise.
2. Go swimming, water aerobics, which has a positive effect on the joints.
3. Release the knees from excessive loads, and should maintain normal weight for this.
4. Often eat meals containing natural gelatin (jelly, jelly).
5. Refrain from hypothermia limbs.
6. Before exercising, always do a warm-up, to avoid sudden movements of the knee joint.
7. Try to wear comfortable shoes while walking to create a better cushioning, support joints.

therapies

The main method of medical treatment of pain, but chronic severe diseases of systemic therapy should be under a doctor's supervision. Further drugs include treatment, physiotherapy, exercise therapy, acupuncture.

Medications

When conservative treatment the doctor prescribes pain relievers, anti-inflammatory, vasodilator drugs.

drug Group	Act	Title	Price in rubles.
anti-inflammatory	Relieve pain, temperature, cropped inflammation	Aspirin	73
diclofenac	12
ibuprofen	15
nimesulide	29
steroid (Usually by injection)	Assign strong pain syndrome, inflammatory activity	hydrocortisone	23
diprospan	210
vasodilators	Regulate blood flow in the case of squeezing vessels	Pentioksifillin	300
eufillin	50
Muscle relaxants (Appointed by the short course)	Apply in the case of stiffness of the joints, muscles, nerves	tizanidine	100
tolperisone	150
chondroprotectors	Prescribed for chronic diseases of the joints	hondroksid	200
Alflutol	1400
Artron	2000

Apart from tablets, injections, are widely used ointments, gels, creams, which contain the active substance:

1. Amelotex gel. (258 rubles).
2. Artrozilen gel (300 rub.).
3. Hondroksid ointment (300 rub.).
4. Pentalgin extra-gel (150 rubles.).
5. Camphor oil (20 rubles.).
6. Viprosal (300 rub.).
7. Finalgon (300 rub.).
8. Balm with bee venom larkspur (150 rubles.).

The best effect is achieved when used in conjunction local prescribing and oral, prescribed by a physician after diagnosis.

Traditional methods

Swelling of the knee, the causes and treatment of which are different, responds well to cure home remedies.

If the pain is caused by injury to the knee should apply ice compresses to prevent edema and hemorrhage.

Wrap an elastic bandage will provide joint support to reduce the swelling.

Compress with apple cider vinegar, pepper and ginger:

1. Take ¼ Art. apple cider vinegar.
2. Add ½ st. l. cayenne pepper.
3. Grate the ginger root and add ½ of the art. l.
4. All mix well.
5. Apply the mixture on the knee cover cotton towel.
6. In 20 minutes. compress lift, knee wash with warm water.

Poultice of turmeric and black pepper:

1. Connect ¼ h. l. black pepper powder 1 h. l. turmeric, add a little oil for a mixture.
2. All the mix, put on knee and leave for 20 minutes.

Massage with castor oil:

1. Preheat a little oil.
2. Light circular movements to rub the oil in the knee.
3. At night you can wrap the knee with a cotton cloth soaked in oil. Top cover with cellophane and a warm scarf.

Well it helps mixture of mustard oil and garlic:

1. Pour 2 tbsp. l. oil in a bowl.
2. Add 1 tbsp. l. minced garlic.
3. Mix everything. Warm in a microwave oven for 3-4 minutes.
4. Let the mixture cool. After that, rub into the skin with light circular movements.
5. From above the knee, you can wrap with cellophane and a warm scarf.

To strengthen the bone cartilage can be eaten delicious dessert:

1. 2 tbsp. l. gelatin, pour a little water and leave to swell.
2. Ready to add gelatin in ½ cup of sour cherry juice. Bring to boiling, but not boil. Swollen cherry-gelatinous mass to eat every morning.
3. This mixture should be taken within 1 month.

A paste of fenugreek seeds:

1. Fenugreek seeds little fry, grind.
2. Mark 2 hours. l. ready mix, dilute little water and apply the paste on the knee.
3. After 30 min. rinse with warm water.

Knee edema (the causes and treatment of established and assigned to the attending physician) can be reduced using a compress of black cumin seed oil. The oil is rubbed into the knee at night, from the top is hot compress.

It eases symptoms of inflammation, edema of dandelion tea. To use the infusion 3 hours. l. fresh or dried leaves and drink daily. Ginger helps the joints, which can be used every day, adding to the food or brewing tea with him.

Other methods

Given the chronic nature of many diseases, the age category of patients, patients should reduce addiction to pain medication due to the proliferation of non-invasive procedures.

Foremost among hardware physiotherapy treatments are:

1. Phonophoresis. Method of treatment, in which the combined ultrasound therapy with drugs. This approach makes it easier to stimulate blood circulation, restoring knee mobility.
2. Myostimulation. During the training there is a simultaneous exercise and muscle relaxation, which relieves pain, reduces the load on the bone. The procedure is carried out as a preparatory to physical therapy sessions.
3. Ozone therapy. It helps in infectious diseases of the joints, since the active oxygen used during the procedure, has an antiseptic effect.
4. Shock wave therapy. The procedure is based on the cavitation effect - stimulation of blood supply due to dynamic pulses. It stimulates the synthesis of bone breaks mineral salts.

No less popular and effective procedure:

1. Physiotherapy. It is performed in most cases, orthopedic disorders. With the help of special exercises strengthened muscular corset, restored movement.
2. Physiotherapy. Joint mobility, muscle strengthening is performed by orthopedic simulators.
3. Massage, manual therapy, lymphatic drainage. The whole complex of measures aimed at the restoration of the affected joints, strengthen muscles, ligaments.
4. Stretching of the joints. Sessions to restore the deformed bones are held by a traction unit under the control of computer software.

Otokshee knee treated by aspiration - liquid outflow, periarticular accumulated in the bag with a syringe.

An important role for dietary management. Being overweight not only affects the increase of load on the bones, muscles but also metabolism.

possible complications

Otokshy joint, not cured in time, can cause complications:

1. Muscle loss. excess fluid damages the muscles, leading to weakening and atrophy of the muscles of the thigh.
2. Baker's cyst. Accumulated liquid results in the formation of cysts in the back of the knee, which makes it painful.
3. The development of infection in the joints, tendons destruction.
4. In dislocation of the knee tibial and peroneal nerves can be affected. Without treatment, the injury may lead to their total destruction.
5. Untreated inflammation lead to other complications: sleep disturbances, decreased performance, weight gain, diabetes mellitus, hypertension.

As a result, diseased, untreated knee can cause disability.

It should be remembered that the overwhelming majority of joint disease, edema, to treat, it is only necessary in time to see a doctor and find out the causes of the disorder emerged in his knee.

Author: Anna Belyaeva

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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