Vitamin D is like taking an adult in drops, capsules, tablets. List of products, instructions for use

For most people, vitamin D appears as a drug required for the development of children skeletal system. But recent studies have shown that adults and it is desirable to take to strengthen the body.

The benefits of vitamin D for health

Vitamin A - element, which comprise a few products in its natural form. Its peculiarity is that it is produced under the influence of external factors, when the sun's rays hit the skin, thereby causing the synthesis of vitamin D.

In the body, it passes 2 stages hydrosilylation. First, in the liver, where it is converted into calcidiol. Then - in the kidneys, forming physiologically active calcitriol.

Vitamin D is available in two substances:

• Vitamin D2 - ergocalciferol;
• Vitamin D3 - cholecalciferol.

Taking a vitamin, it should be noted that both forms are absorbed in the blood equally well, but the form of the D3 is more effective than the same amount of D2. The role of the vitamin is great, because without it there is no process of assimilation of calcium, necessary bone system.

Vitamin D promotes:

• proper distribution of phosphate and calcium in the serum;
• growth of bone and its remodeling (bone skeletal update) without which bones become thin, brittle and deformed;
• prevent children rickets and softening (osteomalacia), bone in adults;
• protection of bone from osteoporosis;
• stimulation of growth of normal cells and suppression of malignant;
• improve the efficiency of the nervous, muscular and immune activity;
• reduction of inflammatory processes.

One of the main functions of vitamin - calcium direction in those areas of the body where it is needed, for example in the bones and teeth. It prevents it to areas where calcium should be - in soft tissues, and arteries. That's why doctors recommend taking vitamin D together with vitamin K2.

The human need for calciferol, daily allowance

Recommended doses the drug is:

life stages	The recommended rate in IU	The upper limit IU
Infants under one year	400	1500
Children from one year to 13 years	600	3000
Teens 14 to 18 years	600	4000
Adults from 19 to 70 years	600	4000
mature 71+	800	4000
Pregnant and lactating	600	4000

Signs of vitamin D deficiency

Most people enough vitamin D, they get exposed to sunlight. UV rays enter the skin, where the 7-dehydrocholesterol is converted to previtamin D3, which is subsequently converted into vitamin D3.

Foggy and little sunny days, reduce the absorption of UV energy by 55%. As well as blocking the intake of vitamin D in the skin with sunscreen SPF8 factor and higher. Lack of vitamin D is the result of improper diet, malabsorption and increased its elimination.

Deficiency occurs under the condition:

• low consumption;
• deficiency of UV rays;
• impaired renal function;
• violation of the process of absorption of the vitamin in the blood.

Rickety and osteomalacia - a frequent diseases caused by lack of vitamin. In children, rickets is more common, or the inability hard mineralized connective tissue that develop skeletal deformities.

In adults, more likely to develop osteomalacia. Symptoms of the disease include muscle weakness, increased fragility and pain. In the early stages of the disease they are unobtrusive.

Who is at risk:

• Children who are breastfed because the mother's milk does not contain enough nutrients.
• Elderly people, because of their aging skin produces Vitamin bad. Most people in this age who have received hip fracture had lower levels of vitamin serum.
• Dark-skinned people. A large amount of melanin, hormone, located in the epidermal layer, leads to a darker skin and reduces the synthesis of vitamin sunlight.
• Have inflammatory bowel disease. Since the vitamin is fat-soluble element, its assimilation depends on the possibility of gastrointestinal system to digest dietary fats. Violation of the absorptive activity associated with Crohn's disease, cystic fibrosis, impaired liver function.
• People who have an increased weight. Obesity does not affect the synthesis of vitamin skin, but excess body fat increases the amount of the vitamin, and thus alter its metabolism.

The main signs of lack of vitamin:

• frequent colds;
• constant fatigue;
• recurrent pain in the joints and back;
• depression;
• zazhivlyaemost poor healing;
• hair loss;
• periodic muscle pain.

The symptoms of excess vitamin D

The main symptoms of excess vitamin D:

• rise in blood (OK - 30 ng / mL increased - from 40 to 80 ng / ml, the harmful level - 100 ng / ml);
• excess calcium in the blood (normal - from 8.5 to 10.2 mg / dL);
• poor appetite;
• constipation or diarrhea;
• renal insufficiency.

More serious signs of excess are expressed in elevated levels of calcium, which further promotes the deposition of calcium salts in the heart vessels, kidneys. The combined use of calcium supplements in an amount of 1000 mg / day and Vitamin D 400 IU, increases the risk of kidney stones by 17% in postmenopausal women.

Taking a vitamin, you should periodically monitor the level of its accumulation in the serum.

Foods containing vitamin D

Vitamin D as taking adults not only in the form of additives, but also in the form of natural products, was shown in the table below:

products	A portion	IU per serving	Percent
Cod liver oil	1 tbsp. l.	1360	340
Salmon, pink salmon	85 g	566	142
canned tuna	85 g	154	39
canned sardines	85 g	46	12
beef liver	85 g	42	11
Egg (yolk)	1 PC	41	10
milk enriched	250 ml	115	29
yogurt enriched	170 g	80	20
Corn flakes, enriched	210 g	40	10
Orange juice, enriched	250 ml	137	34
Swiss cheese	30 g	6	2

Indications to receive vitamin D for adults

There is plenty of evidence that vitamin D is the key to health, because this neyroregulyatorny steroid hormone affects many genes in the body. Receptors that respond to vitamin have been found in almost every cell.

Vitamin produces about 200 antimicrobial peptides, the most important among them is a natural antibiotic - cathelicidin.

Therefore, vitamin D effectively resists colds, reduces the risk of disease:

• migraine;
• Alzheimer's disease;
• pre-eclampsia;
• osteoporosis;
• periodontal disease;
• caries;
• insomnia;
• inflammatory diseases of the stomach;
• type 2 diabetes;
• cancer;
• cardiac disorders;
• rheumatoid arthritis.

Vitamin D (both adults receive a prompt nutritionists additives) obtained from sunlight has additional advantages:

• Leather, get the vitamins, synthesizes thus a large amount of cholesterol sulfate, which is important for heart health.
• Under the influence of UV rays and skin synthesizes vitamin D3 sulfate. This form of water-soluble, in contrast to oral supplements, so it can move freely through the bloodstream.
• Vitamin obtained thanks to the sun's rays can not be superfluous, as the body is capable of self-regulation.

We should not forget the role of the vitamin in the prevention of diseases. Maintaining normal levels could prevent at least 16 different types of cancer.

Contraindications

There are a number of drugs, a joint reception with which the vitamin D metabolism and prevents the absorption of vitamin:

• Antacids.
• Barbiturates.
• H2 blockers.
• Heparin.
• Phenobarbital.
• Rifampicin.
• St. John's wort.

A number of diseases in which the kidneys or gastrointestinal function poorly, require careful preparation application or withdrawal:

• overactivity of the parathyroid glands;
• pancreatic disease;
• surgical removal of the end of the small intestine;
• Crohn's disease;
• cystic fibrosis;
• celiac disease;
• kidney and liver.

Vitamin D should be taken with caution adults suffering from alcoholism, although they, like anyone else, needs to increase its doses. It is better to do it under the supervision of a physician.

Features of the application of vitamin D

The physiological activity of vitamin helps prevent many degenerative diseases, autoimmune, increases resistance to viral and respiratory diseases.

Vitamin E for hair

Low levels of vitamin D associated with alopecia and thinning hair. Most often it occurs in women. The substance helps the growth of new follicles that are sensitive to hormones, and vitamin D is thus a hormone that is involved in calcium homeostasis, differentiation and cell growth.

Direct exposure to sunlight - the best way to assimilation of the vitamin. It's enough to only 10-20 minutes to get 10,000 units of natural vitamin D.

Vitamin D for immunity

Vitamin D reduces the risk of infectious diseases, strengthens the innate immune system. It includes peptides in the immune system that cause an antimicrobial response, enabling the body to quickly block the infection.

It helps killer cells - T cells - react quickly to infections that enter the body. The lower the vitamin in the body, the more frequently occurring diseases: colds, infections, respiratory.

Vitamin D in bodybuilding

Vitamin D - often underrated nutrient that plays an important role in improving human performance in the gym:

• strengthens the bones;
• It increases muscle strength, as converted in the body into a steroid hormone;
• It protects against cardiovascular disease by increasing the elasticity of blood vessels;
• increases testosterone levels.

How to take vitamin D bodybuilders during the year:

• During the first 4 weeks, daily intake should be 0.24 mg.
• The subsequent 8 weeks of consumption should be reduced so that the end of 8 weeks the dose was 0.12 mg vitamin.
• Repeat this cycle throughout the year.

This scheme is useful for those who use creatinine as an additive.

Vitamin D for Weight Loss

Scientists have conducted a study on the effect of the vitamin on the increased weight. It was found that women with blood substance levels were below normal, gained 2 kg more during the study period than women with normal levels of vitamin D.

It has been proven that the vitamin helps reduce the formation of new fat cells.

The recommended dose for weight loss - 2,000 IU per day. Can be obtained from supplements or foods: milk, eggs, mackerel.

Vitamin D for the elderly

At the age of 70 years after the need for vitamin D increases, the deficit is recorded not only in winter but in summer.

The reduction of related factors:

• impaired intestinal absorption;
• less exposure to UV rays;
• thinning of the skin;
• reduction diet.

At this age, the vitamin is needed to prevent falls and bone fractures, reducing the risk of osteoporosis, heart and vascular diseases. Older people should receive at least 800 IU per day. Release form and the best drugs: a review, manual, price

Vitamin D3 in the form of droplets

A drug maintains a balance of healthy bones, strengthens the immune system. One drop provides 2000 IU of cholecalciferol. To prevent rickets: a healthy baby is assigned by 1 drop every day, prematurely born children - 2 drops, ranging from 2 weeks.

In the treatment of rickets: on 2-8 drops in the course of the year.

Vitamin D as an adult to take a preventive measure:

• to prevent osteoporosis from 2 to 8 drops daily.

The price of the drug: 50 rub.

Calcium D3 Nycomed

The drug combination contains 400 IU kolekaltsiferola and 500 mg of calcium. It helps in osteoporosis and its complications, in which case it is necessary to take 3 times a day on 1 tab. The drug is indicated for violation kalitsievogo ration at the rate of 1 tablet 2 times a day.

Available in the form of chewable tablets, the price depends on the number of pills in a package - from 300 to 500 rubles.

Akvadetrim

The drug is prescribed to children from birth through 25 days. The initial dose is small, 1-2 drops per day. Children at this age do not give more than 15 000 IU, and the whole therapy includes 30 drops.

For prevention, prescribed dose for adults 2-3 drops per day. When the disease of the joints can increase the dose to 4 drops of therapy is carried out within 3 months. Price drop shape - 180 rubles.

calcipotriol Dayvoneks

The drug is manufactured as an ointment, the active ingredient - calcipotriol, 50 micrograms.

Effective in psoriasis, especially scalp. The daily dose should not exceed 15 mg. Adults ointment applied in a thin layer to the affected area of ​​not more than 2 times per day. It goes well with corticosteroids. The therapy is carried out not more than 1-2 weeks, after which there is a steady positive effect. Price - 1150 rubles.

D3 Bon

Vitamin intramuscular and receiving orally, contains 200 000 IU kolekaltsiferola.

It helps with:

• prevention and treatment of rickets;
• hypocalcemic tetany;
• spazmofilii;
• osteomalacia.

Vitamin D is like taking adults and infants:

• Infants receiving milk with vitamin D, given every 6 months at ½ ampoule;
• infants who do not receive the milk with the addition of vitamin D, give 1 ampoule every 6 months.
• adolescents serves to take the drug for 1 ampoule in winter;
• the elderly is recommended to take ½ ampoule every 3 months.

The price of the product: 1500 rub.

Fosavans

Helps in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis in patients at risk of vitamin D reduces the risk of fractures.

It contains two active ingredients:

• alendronic acid (70 mg);
• Kolekaltsiferol 2800 IU).

It is recommended to take one tablet once a week with a full glass of water 30 minutes before eating.

Vitamins, calcium, antacids should be a separation for 2-3 hours. Price: 200 rub.

Alpha D3-Teva

The drug is available in capsules which contain 0.25 / 1 g of active substance alfacalcidol. Calculation of the dose of the drug for the reception children is made on the basis of body weight.

For adults the recommended dose:

• osteoporosis: 0.5-1 g per day;
• in the treatment of endocrine diseases of 1-4 g / day.

Accept at any time, regardless of the meal.

The drug has a wide range of activities:

• osteomalacia;
• postmenopausal osteoporosis;
• disturbances in calcium and phosphorus metabolism;
• hypoparathyroidism.

Using this facility, it is necessary to periodically control the calcium in the body.

The price of the drug:

• 60 capsules of 0.25 mg - 524 rub .;
• 30 capsules of 1 mg - 613 rub .;
• 60 mg capsules of 0.5 - 700 rubles.

Side effects and precautions for use of vitamin D

If improperly used, excessively high doses of the drug may occur:

• headache;
• muscle weakness;
• nausea and sometimes vomiting;
• mood swings.

Vitamin D toxicity is unusual symptoms:

• anorexia;
• weight reduction;
• cardiac arrhythmia;
• polyuria.

Some types of drugs can cause an allergy, individual intolerance of additional ingredients. Prior to use, consult your doctor, especially if other drugs are taken.

The best source of vitamin D - a natural food, fresh air and sunlight. Getting all this, you will not have to worry about whether or not to take adults and children vitamin supplements containing synthetic substances sometimes.

Author: Anna Belyaeva

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

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