Sores on the head hair. Causes, photo, treatment in adults, a child at home

Sores on the head in the hair appear for various reasons, regardless of where they bring a lot of discomfort, worsen the condition of the hair structure. Any pathology requires timely treatment, as there is a risk of complications.

What is scalp

Scalp consists of 3 major layers - the epidermis, dermis and hypodermis. It contains the head sebaceous glands and hair follicles. The anatomy of these areas are called seborrheic areas. Due to the content of the sebaceous glands are susceptible to defeat seborrhea and other pathologies.

Types of skin diseases of the scalp

Depending on the underlying cause secrete general group of diseases.

These include:

• dermatological;
• yeast;
• autoimmune;
• infectious.

For dermatological group includes seborrhea and hyperkeratosis. Seborrhoea is a consequence of functional disorders of the sebaceous glands which leads to the reproduction of harmful pathogens. It is one of the most common pathologies.

For hyperkeratosis characteristic thickening of the horny layer of the epidermis. Elevated levels of keratin prevents peeling skin flakes, which contributes to their bonding. As a result, the upper layer of the skin thickens.

Pediculosis - infectious hair loss lice. Insect bites provoke pain and severe itching. Scratching the itchy skin is a cause of secondary infection.

microsporia It belongs to the category of fungal infections. Mikrosporum fungus infection occurs from sick people and animals. The main symptoms of the disease is the formation on the scalp inflamed areas circular shape with clear boundaries.

Trichophytosis (ringworm) - fungal pathology. The spores are transmitted through the personal belongings of the sick person. For ringworm characterized by the development of peeling and brittle hair lesions.

Fungus favus (scab) It infects only humans. It is inherent in the formation of yellow crusts. In the absence of therapy, brown fused to form a large area of ​​destruction.

manifestation of eczema associated with exposure to sort pitirosporum fungi. Also trigger disease is Staphylococcus aureus.

Dandruff - fungal infection that involves the shedding of the epithelium of the scalp. It provokes the appearance of scales yellow and white.

Alopecia - an autoimmune disease in which there is progressive loss of hair leading to baldness.

By the autoimmune group includes scleroderma. She is inherent in chronic. For pathology characteristic seal of connective tissue of the scalp and scarring. Scleroderma is not contagious.

Psoriasis - autoimmune pathology of a systemic nature. The disease is not transmitted from person to person. For proliferation pathologies characterized scalp upper layer of cells and formation of tiny capillaries.

Stage and degree of skin diseases of the scalp

The sores on the head hair, the causes of which depend on the degree of disease, are the steps of:

1. Seborrhea - a dermatological disease of chronic character. Pathology initial degree is characterized by lesions of cutaneous folds, appearance of rash and desquamation. Also notes the work the gastrointestinal tract disorder, which manifests itself in the regurgitations and stools.

2. In the second stage of the pathology spreads on the skin, creating a greasy crust.

Sometimes the disease provokes:

• otitis media;
• anemia;
• pneumonia.

1. The third stage of seborrhea is rare. The basis of the disease - the failure of internal organs

Hyperkeratosis of the scalp develops gradually. However, without treatment, the pathology can cause baldness. In the first step the skin becomes dry and begins to flake.

The second stage is inherent in hair loss. The third stage is characterized by the seal of the epidermis, which develop outgrowths from dead cells. This process is irreversible, that as the hair follicles die.

At the initial stage lice noted itchy scalp. In advanced cases of lice stings provoke the development of crusts, filled with pus, and strands of hair sticking out of the pus, and large concentrations of nits.

The rate of development microsporia very high. If in the early stages marked itching and flaking of the scalp, then in the later stages of the disease are formed portions of round shape, which have clear boundaries.

Surface for ringworm characterized by the development of areas of peeling skin, brittle hair. The skin in this area becomes edematous, inflamed. The patient complains of constant itching. Broken hair look black dots.

In the initial stages scab marked redness of the scalp. Develop small pustules. In the later stages of the disease in the absence of therapy yellowish crust formed as flaps that resemble a honeycomb.

Scabs begin to merge and form a vast area affected. The skin under the peel begins to atrophy, which triggers hair loss. Hair loses shine and strength of hair begins to fall out. hair look like the remnants of a tow.

Eczema can occur along with seborrhea. At the initial stage are formed papules and stains. With the development of the disease develops dry skin and brittle hair.

Development of alopecia involves 7 steps:

Stage	symptoms
first	Hair loss at the temples, forehead and front of the hair.
second	Receding hairline at the back of the subject.
third	hair damage becomes more pronounced.
fourth	It begins to thin parietal part.
fifth	Disappearing hair on top of his head.
sixth	The hair at the crown and forehead disappear.
seventh	There is a complete loss of hair. Sparse hair remain in the area of ​​the nape of the neck and ears.

In scleroderma is divided into three main stages, affecting the skin of the head:

• edema;
• seal;
• atrophy.

psoriasis stage involve:

1. Progressive phase. When it says:

• itching;
• peeling;
• the appearance of plaques;
• bleeding;
• dandruff.

2. at the intermediate stationary phase itching ceases to disturb the patient. Plaques rogoveyut. Redness of the edges of tumors becomes less pronounced.

3. In regressing phase peeling practically stops. Pigmentation may disappear. The state of health of the patient becomes optimal.

Symptoms of skin diseases of the scalp

Sores on the head hair, the causes of which can correctly identify only a dermatologist, have certain attributes, depending on the species.

Seborrhea can be of three types:

• fat;
• liquid;
• dry.

For oily form are the following symptoms:

• loss of skin and scalp;
• gluing hair;
• itching;
• festering wounds;
• skin scarring.

Liquid form has the following characteristics:

• loss of hair shine;
• greasiness of hair;
• gluing strands.

The dry form is accompanied by:

• skin irritation;
• desquamation;
• brittle hair;
• dandruff;
• itching.

Typically, patients develop a mixed type of the disease.

When there is a mixed form:

• oily skin in the nasolabial triangle;
• since pollution;
• dryness of the cheeks.

When hyperkeratosis observed:

• the presence of small pimples and bumps of dark red color;
• roughness on the scalp;
• hair fragility.

When lice are noted:

• itching of the ears, temples and neck;
• rash as red dots;
• swollen lymph nodes in the head;
• abscess at the site scratching.

Symptoms microsporia include:

• presence of pink spots on the head of different diameters;
• small flakes;
• crust in the center of the spot;
• education roller spot at the edges;
• development of nodules and cysts;
• itching;
• brittle hair;
• swelling of the skin;
• abscess in the site of the lesion.

The following signs are allocated at trihofitii:

• loss and brittle hair;
• staining red, which will eventually become the claret;
• black spots on the head;
• itching;
• swelling;
• selection of stain fluid admixture of pus;
• peeling of the skin.

When the scab observed:

• pustule development of small size;
• redness of the scalp;
• loss of hair shine;
• thinning hair.

When eczema occur:

• precipitation in the form of plaques circular shape;
• itching;
• burning;
• pain.

By the symptoms of dandruff include:

• itching in the skin of the head;
• dry and brittle hair;
• oily skin and hair.

Alopecia characterized by hair loss.

Symptoms of scleroderma include:

• rounded presence of foci of inflammation at the hairline;
• baldness;
• cessation of sweating;
• sebum.

Symptoms of psoriasis include:

• the presence of plaques of red or purple;
• itching;
• skin bleeding;
• peeling;
• dandruff;
• hair loss.

Causes of skin diseases of the scalp

The reasons for the development of seborrhea include:

• genetic factor;
• changes in hormone levels;
• presence of ovarian tumors;
• nerve disease;
• disruption of the endocrine system;
• violation of the gastrointestinal tract functionality;
• lack of vitamins;
• an unbalanced diet;
• the presence of diabetes.

By provoking hyperkeratosis factors include:

• pathology of internal organs;
• violation functionality liver;
• diabetes mellitus;
• thyroid disorder;
• Pathology of blood;
• ichthyoses group diseases.

The reasons for the development of lice include:

• failure to comply with the hyena;
• use of a public combs;
• Seen baths or saunas, where bathed infected person.

Infection microsporia occurs under the following conditions:

• contact with the sick person or animal;
• avitaminosis;
• an unbalanced diet;
• decreased immunity;
• violation of sanitary norms;
• Excessive sweating of the skin;
• skin damage mechanical nature;
• the presence of chronic conditions;
• effects of environmental conditions (humid and warm climate).

Trihofitii trigger mechanism is:

• vitamin A deficiency;
• violation of the functionality of the endocrine system;
• presence of vascular dystonia;
• impairment of the immune system.

Causes scab are:

• contact with an infected person or animal;
• use of contaminated objects;
• failure of the immune system;
• lack of dietary protein foods;
• vitamin deficiency.

The causes of eczema include the following:

• allergic reactions;
• obesity;
• intoxication chronic nature;
• endocrine disorders;
• exposure to chemical substances contained in the care products hair;
• genetic basis;
• gastrointestinal disorders
• increased secretion of the sebaceous glands;
• liver disease of a chronic nature;
• nerve disease;
• weakened immunity;
• unbalanced diet;
• avitaminosis;
• disruptions in hormone levels;
• renal functionality;
• the presence of diabetes.

In the role of provocateurs dandruff are:

• the wrong hair care;
• frequent use of the dryer;
• abuse of cosmetics for hair;
• failure to comply with personal hygiene;
• failure in metabolic processes;
• Pathology of the stomach;
• violation of pancreatic function;
• the presence of the fungus;
• genetic factor;
• particularly of the skin structure.

The causes of alopecia:

• cancers;
• thermal and chemical stresses;
• heredity;
• autoimmune nature of the disease.

The reasons for the development of scleroderma include:

• genetic background;
• the presence of inflammation;
• autoimmune processes;
• infectious lesion;
• unfavorable environment;
• taking certain medications.

The reasons for the development of psoriasis include:

• genetic predisposition;
• impairment of the immune system;
• stress;
• infectious diseases;
• HIV infection.

Diagnosis of skin diseases of the scalp

Sores on the head hair, the causes of which are dependent on the type of disease, require a thorough diagnosis.

Diagnosis involves:

• medical history;
• visual inspection;
• Hair and blood research in laboratory conditions.

Also, hardware diagnostics used. The scalp is investigated by means of special devices, equipped with a video camera with a microscope. The camera image is displayed on a computer monitor.

Computer diagnostics is able to display:

• change the structure of the hair follicle;
• a violation of the sebaceous glands;
• the presence of loss of hair,
• the presence of a skin disease.

Phototrichogram allows you to track abnormalities in the dynamics. Through this method it is possible to establish an accurate diagnosis.

It allows you to assess:

• the rate of hair growth;
• the presence of inflammation of the scalp;
• Hair density per square centimeter.

Through spectral analysis of hair held at the microscopic study of trace elements level that can detect an imbalance of trace elements in hair loss detect poisons and chemicals substances.

Survey cost in Moscow is from 400 to 10,000 rubles, depending on the type of diagnostic procedure. In Samara, this service will cost from 600 to 7000 rubles.

When to see a doctor

Sores on the head hair require competent professional advice. Only a doctor can determine the cause of the pathology. If your issue with the scalp should be addressed to trichologist. Your doctor will be carried out relevant research and assigned regimen.

Refer to trichologist should be in the following cases:

• excessive hair loss;
• the appearance of coarse hair;
• excessive oiliness of the scalp;
• gluing hair;
• dry skin;
• peeling;
• feeling of constriction and discomfort in the scalp;
• redness;
• appearance oval or rounded plaques;
• itching.

Appeal to trichologist is necessary and in the event that the visual traces of inflammation in the form of cushions filled with pus. This demonstrates the pathology of hair follicles.

Prevention of skin diseases of the scalp

Preventive measures include:

• organization of a balanced diet;
• vitamins;
• hygiene rules;
• use of suitable cosmetics containing no aggressive substances;
• avoiding the use of other people's combs and towels;
• the establishment of the digestive tract works;
• obereganie head from overheating and overcooling;
• rejection of shampooing with hot water;
• avoiding frequent hair coloring;
• rare application dryer;
• exception of wearing tight wigs and hats;
• avoiding the use of metal combs.

Methods of treating diseases of the skin in the scalp

Pathology bring patient discomfort, psychological problems provoke the development of complexes. At an early stage possible cure pathologies possible. Later stages take a prolonged chronic.

Medications

Therapy scalp performed by medication, vitamin complexes, based on hormone drugs. folk remedies and physical therapy are also used.

seborrhea treatment

antibiotics	Macrofoams, Tsetrin, Diprospan
antifungals	Ketoconazole, Diflucan
hormonal ointment	Flutsinar, Triderm, Elokim, Hydrocortisone, Akriderm
vitamin complexes	Duovit, Oramin
Funds from oily seborrhea	Salicylic acid paste Soultz, Bepanten
Funds from dry seborrhea	Solkoseril aerosol Skin-kap
medicated shampoos	Nizoral, Friderm
Medical cosmetics	Tar soap, tar shampoo

Antibiotic Macropen received 400 mg 3 times / day. The duration of treatment is two weeks. The cost of 400 mg of 334 rubles. The pack of 16 tablets.

Ketokanozol recommended to take 1 tablet (200 mg) a day at mealtime. If there is not an adequate response to treatment, the dose can be increased to 2 tablets (400 mg) once daily. The course is 5 days. To prevent a means taken in the same dosage for 1-2 months. The cost of the drug is 114 rubles. per pill.

Flutsinar ointment is applied 1-3 times a day. Duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. Cost ointment is 154 rubles.

Pasta Soultz used after shampooing. It is necessary to put means to damp clean hair for 20 minutes, then rinse. the procedure is repeated, if necessary. The cost of the drug is 1% 51 p. 40 ml and 57-70 rub. per pack of 75 ml. Sulsena Forte 2% cost 78-91 rubles.

In the shampoo Friderm includes tar. It is applied in a small amount to wet hair, foamed and then thoroughly washed off. Use 2 times a week for the first 2 weeks, and then 1-2 times a week for 2 months. the course is repeated, if necessary. shampoo fee is 557 rubles. per 150 ml.

Duovit vitamins to take 1 tablet after meals for a month. Price of the drug is 203 rubles. The pack of 30 tablets.

hyperkeratosis treatment

Vitamins and minerals	Alerana Omega B6
immunomodulators	Imiquimod, Imunoriks
hormonal ointment	Uroderm, Triderm

Vitamin-mineral complex Alerana strengthens hair follicles, eliminates hair loss.

It is taken every day during the reception of 1 tablet food.

The course of treatment is 1-3 months. Treatment can be repeated 2-3 times a year. The cost of the drug is from 677 to 761 rubles. The package of 60 tablets.

Imunoriks solution used for immunity 800 mg 2 times a knock for 2 hours before or after meals for 14 days.

Further, 800 mg taken 1 time a day for 2 months. The cost of the drug is from 891 to 912 rubles.

Duration of hormonal ointments Uroderm 30% determined by the physician. Cost ointment is 152 rubles. The tube contained 10 g of agent.

lice treatment involves the use of the following means:

• Pair Plus;
• Nydala;
• Medifoks;
• Spray-pax.

Means Pair Plus is sprayed on dry hair. Hold for 10 minutes and then thoroughly washed off. A week later, the procedure is repeated. The cost of the drug is 350 rubles.

Treatment of pathologies of fungal origin (microsporia trihofitia)

antifungals	Orungal, Griseofulvin
ointments	Mikospor, Lamisil, Tar, Sulfur

Means Orungal taken at 200 mg for 21 days. The cost of the drug is 2748 rubles. The duration of Mikospor ointments determined by the physician. The cost of the drug is 499 rubles.

scab treatment

antibiotics	Ceftriaxone, Zinnat, Cefaclor
antifungals	Bifonazole, ketoconazole, clotrimazole, Bifosin, Nizoral
immunomodulators	Viferon, Immunal

Cefaclor product is used 2 times a day 500 mg for 7-10 days. The cost of the drug is 251 rubles. The package contains 10 tablets.

Bifosin rubbed 1 time / day. Use 3 drops of funds. This amount is enough for a palm-sized area. The course of treatment is 1 month. After reaching the therapeutic effect of the procedure should continue another 2 weeks. The cost of the drug is from 34 to 45 rubles. 20 ml of the preparation.

Means Immunal taken 1 time a day. Volumetric pipette 2.5 ml of the preparation diluted in a small amount of water. The cost of 50 ml of a solution of 312 rubles.

eczema treatment

antibiotics	Penicillin, Erythromycin
antihistamines	Ziretk, Telfast, Tsetrin, Aerius
sedatives	Afobazol, tenoten, Persen
ointments	Advantan, Elokim Lokoid, Sinalar, Lokotsid, Lorinden C, Erythromycin, Sebozol, Dermazol, Mikozoral
vitamins	Undevit, Supradin, Centrum Vitrum, Triovite

Showed reception Erythromycin 500mg. Means taken 3-4 times a knock every 6 hours for 10 days. The cost of the drug is 102 rubles. The package contains 10 tablets.

Antihistamine Telfast taken 20 minutes before a meal. With prolonged use, it recommended single dose of the drug at a dose of 180 mg. Duration of treatment is determined by the doctor. The cost of the drug is 930 rubles. The pack of 30 tablets.

Sedative Afobazol received 10 mg 3 times a day for 2-4 weeks. The cost of the drug is 416 rubles. The package of 60 tablets.

Prolonged use Elokim ointment is determined by your doctor. The cost of the drug is from 67 to 241 rubles.

Undevit Vitamins Take 1 capsule per day after meals. The course of treatment is 1 month. The cost of the drug is 657 rubles. The package of 30 capsules.

dandruff treatment

medicated shampoos	Keto Plus, Nizoral, Perhotal, Friderm
Cosmetics	Pasta Soultz, tar soap

Keto Plus shampoo is applied for 5 minutes, then washed off. The course of treatment is 1 month. Means used 2 times a week. shampoo cost 549 rubles.

alopecia treatment

Means to promote the functionality of the hair follicles	Alerana Omega B6
vitamin complexes	Pantovigar, Perfectil, Merz

Omega B6 Take 1-2 capsules 3 times a day for a month. Price of the drug is from 585 to 890 rubles. The package of 30 capsules.

Vitamin complex Merz used 2 times a day for a month. The cost of the drug is from 739 to 1352 rubles.

scleroderma treatment

Preparations based on hyaluronidase	Ronidaza, Aktinogial, Lidaza, Liraz
anti-inflammatory ointment	Ichthyol, Indomethacin, Dimexidum, Ruthin

Enzyme preparation Ronidaza applied to a sterile gauze folded in 4 layers. The bandage is applied on the affected area of ​​the scalp and locks with a soft bandage. Displacement means is 0.5 g per use. The bandage is kept for 16-18 hours.

The procedure is done on a daily basis. The course of treatment is 15-60 days. With prolonged use, it is recommended discontinuation of treatment for 3-4 days each two-week field course. The cost of the drug vial is 1309 rubles.

psoriasis treatment

The complex of vitamins, minerals and amino acids	Luvitan, Kvadevit
antihistamines	Aerius, Alertek, Zyrtec
sedatives	Tenoten, Afobazol, Persia, Novopassit
corticosteroid ointment	Sinaflana, prednisolone, mometasone, hydrocortisone
Tar cosmetics	Tar shampoo, tar soap

Luvitan take 1 capsule per day for 1 month. The cost of the drug is 5330 rubles. The pack of 30 tablets.

Aerius 5 mg taken one time a day. The course of treatment is determined by the doctor. The cost of the drug is 418 rubles. The package contains 10 tablets.

Sedative Persen taken 2-3 tablets 2-3 times a knock. The maximum dose is 12 tablets in a day. The course of treatment lasts 1-2 months. The cost of the drug is 254-612 rubles. The package 40 tablets.

Traditional methods

We recommend the following recipe:

1. it is recommended to take 1 st to eliminate seborrhea. l. onion juice and mix it with 2 tbsp. l. vodka. The mixture is rubbed into the scalp before washing. The course of treatment for oily form pathology is 4 months. The positive effect of treatment would be higher if, after washing your hair rinse the head of the infusion of onion peel. For preparation of 50 g of husk is taken. It is filled with 1 liter of boiling water and infused for 20 minutes.
2. When taken hyperkeratosis 1 raw potato. It is rubbed on a fine grater. The pulp and juice is laid out on a gauze. The compress is applied to the affected area on the head 1 hr. The procedure can be performed several times a day.
3. When lice apply tea tree oil and lavender ether. The components are combined with water in a ratio of 1: 1: 5. The mixture was applied to the roots in 1 hr. The head closes cellophane. Then washed her hair and combed out parasites toothed comb.
4. When mikospor recommended grind plantain leaves, collected in May. The result should be 1 cup of juice. Add to it 1 tbsp. l. Birch bark ash and 1 tsp medical alcohol. Stir mixture and let stand for 3 hours. Affected areas are lubricated mixture before going to bed and in the evening. If you carry out the procedure every day, it will increase the effectiveness of treatment.
5. When taken trihofitii 1 tbsp. l. chamomile. Dried flowers poured 250 ml of boiling water. The mixture was infused for a few hours. She rubbed into the affected area 2-3 times a day.
6. To eliminate scab be mixed glycerol and iodine in a proportion of 1: 1. Means rubbed the affected part of the scalp 2 times a day for 7 days. Then the head is washed green soap. In case of repeated occurrence of crusts procedure should be repeated.
7. For treating eczema is taken 5 g of baking soda, which is dissolved in 200 ml lukewarm water. Through drive of wool solution is applied to the affected area until the abnormality persists.
8. To eliminate dandruff mask is based on egg yolks and butter. Of 1/2 lemon squeezed juice, then adds 2 egg yolks. To improve the effect is added to a mixture of burdock. The mask is applied on the hair for 1 hour, then wash off with shampoo.
9. When alopecia use lotion on the basis of vinegar and nettle. Nettles should be crushed to a state of pulp. Then 5 Art. l. grass pour 450 ml of water and add to the mixture 2 tbsp. l. apple cider vinegar. Boil for 30 minutes. Cover and chill. Lubricants roots before going to bed every 2 days. The course of treatment is 2 months.
10. Scleroderma used alcohol tincture Rhodiola. 1 kg of patient's weight is taken 2 drops tincture. Infusion taken 3 times a day. The course of treatment is 3 months.
11. For relief of psoriasis taken 20g leafs. They are filled with 500 ml of boiling water and languish on heat for 10 minutes. Broth Take 1/2 cup in the morning and evening during the week.

Other methods

Sores on the head hair, the causes of which need to find out for quality treatment, eliminated by means of additional physiotherapy techniques. The choice of type of procedure depends on the degree and type of pathology.

It is commonly used:

1. Darsonvalization. The basis of the impact on the affected part of the head is a variable frequency current. The procedure helps to improve hair follicle nutrition, enhance vascular permeability.
2. Cryotherapy. This method involves the exposure of liquid nitrogen of low temperature, thereby achieving scalp redness. Provoked by improving blood circulation in the tissues of the scalp. The course involves 10 to 15 sessions.
3. Laser therapy. The method is based on the use of infrared and ultraviolet radiation. Under their influence provoked by improving nutrition of the affected tissues of the head, eliminating breakage and hair loss. The course of treatment is 10-12 procedures.
4. electrostimulation It suggests the impact on the affected section of the pulse current. The method promotes the release of endorphins in the blood and other beneficial enzymes that improve the functionality of the endocrine system, trophism cells have a restorative effect on the body. Held 1-12 procedures.
5. electrophoresis It involves the administration of drugs into the skin under the influence of the head current. The preparation of reference by this method has a high efficiency. As a rule, the course includes 10 procedures performed on a daily basis. For stimulation of blood circulation in the scalp, hair restoration morphology eliminate itching and flaking applied Magnesium B6, nicotinic acid, aminophylline, zinc sulfate.

possible complications

Complications of diseases include:

• total baldness;
• infection of the scalp lesion;
• Depression caused by the unaesthetic appearance.

Sores on the head hair can be treated in the initial stages of pathologies, but it is important to determine the cause of the disease. In advanced cases, the disease often take a chronic form. They are delivered to the patient inconvenience of psychological and physical nature.

Registration of the article: Mila Friedan

Video of the sores on his head in her hair

Pimples under the hair: