1 The main factors of the aetiology

There is no reliable information on the causes that can cause this disease. There are a number of factors that are somehow associated with a decrease in the tone of the inguinal rings. The causes of the occurrence of pathology can be divided into several groups, which can be present separately or together.

• Age-related changes in the body. Most often this pathology affects men older than fifty years. At this age, the elasticity of the connective tissue is lost.
• Lifestyle. Frequent physical exertion, especially associated with lifting large weights, contribute to increased intra-abdominal pressure. Other factors include overweight and chronic diseases of internal organs.
• Congenital features. Boys, especially at a young age, sometimes have inguinal hernias. Their development is associated with impaired fertility in the womb of the mother. This leads to the fact that the testicle remains inside the peritoneum, and does not fall inside the scrotum.
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2 Characteristic symptoms of

The most common complaint in men suffering from inguinal and scrotal hernia istumor-like formation in the groin area. If there is no infringement of a hernia, then her education is completely painless.

In cases where there is infringement, the inguinal region responds with a sharp pain, reddening of the skin is possible. With the movement of the hernial sac, the scrotum begins to increase significantly in size. Limits, to which it can not stretch. There are cases when whole parts of the intestine got into the scrotum.

Symptomatology is directly related to internal organs falling into hernia formation. In cases where various parts of the intestine get there, characteristic symptoms of intestinal obstruction are observed: swelling, nausea, vomiting, constipation.

If a man in the groin area begins to form a tumor, you should immediately go to a surgeon or urologist to assess the condition and formulate a treatment technique.

3 Diagnostic methods

Usually a simple examination by a specialist is sufficient to diagnose this disease. And it is also important to determine whether there is an infringement of the hernial ring. To do this, a "cough push" test is performed. The patient is asked to cough and if the effort is transmitted to the hernial sac, it can be judged that the hernia is not restrained. Otherwise, the hernia is infringed. This diagnosis allows you to determine the plan for surgical intervention.

In those cases where the hernia is not large, it is difficult to make an accurate diagnosis. They resort to additional methods of examination, for example, ultrasound gives reliable information about the size and location of the hernial sac.

It is possible to use contrast radiography to detect the presence or absence of intestinal loops in the hernia.

In some cases, a puncture is performed and the material obtained is examined to determine its nature. Similar studies are carried out if there are suspicions of the formation of a cyst, which by mistake is often mistaken for a herniation.

4 Directions of therapy

There are two principal methods of treating hernia:

• Conservative( without surgical intervention);
• Operative( with surgical intervention).

Treatment without surgery is usually used in elderly patients, as well as in those who are contraindicated for operations due to pathologies of internal organs.

This method of treatment consists in the use of special bandages that prevent the infringement of the hernial formation. Bandage has the form of dense elastic swimming trunks, which are adjacent to the body, do not allow internal organs to fall into the hernial sac.

The most common method of treatment is surgical removal of a hernia. This is the most effective way to get rid of pathology and prevent the emergence of complications.

5 Follow-up rehabilitation

After the operation, patients are recommended to wear meltings of elastic material to maintain the scrotum in a physiological position. This favorably affects the speed and quality of wound healing, and also prevents the occurrence of relapses.

For the medical support of patients after surgery, broad-spectrum antibiotics are used to prevent infection of the wound.

Although the disease can cause problems with digestion and the state of the gastrointestinal tract, there is no special diet for prevention after removal of the hernia. General recommendations are similar to post-operative rehabilitation of all pathologies: high-calorie food, rich in protein.

The first few months after the operation, it is not recommended to experience any physical activity, as this usually results in a violation of the integrity of the joints and the appearance of relapses.

6 Non-traditional methods of treatment

Since the only effective method of treating hernias is surgical removal, the effectiveness of any traditional methods of treatment is in question.

Usually, healers resort to inward inguinal hernia, but this does not always have a good effect in the long run. Since pinching of the hernial ring requires prompt intervention by a doctor, you should not seek help from traditional healers. Otherwise, it is possible to develop peritonitis.

7 Risk of complications

All hernias, regardless of their location and nature of origin, the common complication is their infringement. In the inguinal and scrotal hernia, the danger of infringement is due to the fact that a part of the intestine will enter the hernial sac and various digestive problems will develop.

Another complication is associated with the development of problems with potency and infertility. This is caused by increased pressure on the scrotum from the internal organs. There is oppression of the testicles and pinching of the vas deferens. Even after surgery and rehabilitation, the chance of restoring the normal functioning of the gonads remains minimal.

8 Prophylactic measures

The inguinal and scrotal hernia usually occurs in men from inguinal hernia. Herniated formation moves from the peritoneal region to the inguinal region and only then descends into the scrotum. And if you have time to recognize the pathology at the initial stage and carry out the operation, you can with high probability to avoid the development of complications.

Primary prevention is the regular examination of the surgeon people who are engaged in physical work. And also at risk are people with increased pressure inside the peritoneum.

The disease is often found among people whose work is associated with physical stress or having an innate predisposition to its development. Although this pathology is quite dangerous and can cause complications, treatment at the initial stages of pathology development will help you to avoid unpleasant consequences and to undergo rehabilitation as soon as possible.