Common Symptoms

Hematocrit increased in adult blood. What does this mean, the reasons for the male, female

click fraud protection

Complete blood count (KLA) - laboratory examination, including a 11-12 performance, describing the general condition of the person, and is a reference point in the correct diagnosis for the attending physician. One such indicator is the hematocrit. Under certain conditions, the adult is able to change the figure, often rise.

The content of the article:

  • 1 What is hematocrit?
  • 2 hematocrit norm in adults
    • 2.1 men
    • 2.2 Among women
  • 3 Signs of abnormality
  • 4 Reasons for increase
  • 5 Analysis for hematocrit
    • 5.1 How to prepare for the study
    • 5.2 How does the biomaterial fence
    • 5.3 How to wait for the study results
    • 5.4 Explanation responses analysis
    • 5.5 How much is a study where they spend
    • 5.6 Factors affecting the rate
  • 6 Permissible deviations from the norm in the analyzes
  • 7 medication
  • 8 Folk remedies
    • 8.1 diet therapy
  • 9 Prognosis and complications
  • 10 Video of the hematocrit

What is hematocrit?

Human blood - liquid system consisting of plasma and formed elements. Normally, the adult 65% plasma and 45% formed elements. The blood plasma is composed of water (90%) and dissolved therein proteins, minerals and useful organic compounds. Shaped elements are erythrocytes, leucocytes, thrombocytes.

insta story viewer

The hematocrit or hematocrit - the ratio of formed elements to the total blood volume. Calculated as a percentage.

Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, femaleSome laboratories take into account only the red cell mass for the total number of counts, as 99% of all the elements necessary on red blood cells. From this, additionally shows hematocrit blood clotting ability and its thickness.

hematocrit norm in adults

In healthy humans - 5-6 liters of blood, and all of it is represented by red blood cells, platelets, white blood cells and the plasma.

Men and women hematocrit almost identical. The difference is in some physiological characteristics of women, the age and body weight. With the process of growing the organism amount of formed elements and plasma decreases a percentage.

newborn hematocrit (regardless of gender) is 40-65%, and for children up to 14 years - 30-45%. Based on the indicators, hematocrit first drops to 30%, and then, as they grow older gradually aligned to the values ​​of an adult (or gender).

men

Hematocrit increased in adult men than women, due to the large number of red blood cells and other formed elements in the blood when it is the liquid part is unchanged.

This physiological difference is associated with increased blood levels of testosterone in men. This hormone is responsible for the recruitment of muscle mass, increases the supply of oxygen to the tissues and increase erythrocytes. Norma hematocrit of the male population is on average 0.44-0.48 units.

Among women

Norma hematocrit for women - from 0.36 to 0.43 units.

This low value for the ratio of plasma corpuscles due to a number of reasons:

  • during pregnancy;Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female
  • menstrual cycles;
  • reduced level of packed red blood cells to plasma as compared to men.

Due to the physiological blood loss during the menstrual cycle, the hematocrit performance may be lowered. This phenomenon should not bother the woman, as not violated recovery ability of the organism.

Signs of abnormality

Depending on the order, increased hematocrit, or downgraded, will be the characteristic clinical manifestations.

At lower rates the ratio of plasma to the formed elements are: general weakness, dizziness, drowsiness, pale skin. Such a person is completely indifferent to the environment, weakly react to external stimuli.

At higher percentages hematocrit, said: violations of the gastrointestinal tract (violation of stool, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite); increase in body temperature above 38; an excited state (possible inadequate reaction to stimuli); profuse sweating.

Reasons for increase

Hematocrit increased in adult (less downgrades) in the presence of the body of any pathology. If the ratio of the formed elements and plasma decreases in the percentage, then we can talk about the anemic state.

Anemia can arise due to massive blood loss in trauma, disorders of bone marrow function as a hematopoietic organ, blood disorders (leukemia, polycythemia), as well as certain neoplastic processes in organs and systems.

When performing various manipulations (intravenous drip large volume, taking certain medications) similarly observed hematocrit decrease performance.

Increased hematocrit for reasons such as:

  • food poisoning (diarrhea, frequent vomiting);
  • fever (profuse sweats);
  • inflammatory diseases of the organs;
  • acute or chronic intestinal obstruction (dynamic, mechanical);
    Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female
    The hematocrit is elevated in the blood of adult may be due to intestinal obstruction
  • burns more than 30% body surface area (or face burns, groin, hands and feet).

The above features indirectly linked. The reason for increasing hematocrit in such cases is a big loss liquid part of blood - plasma. For example, at superficial burns, the affected surface of the interstitial fluid droplets act.

The larger the surface, the greater is its loss, and recovery ability of the body, respectively, below. When fever or infectious diseases of the gastrointestinal tract is the same situation arises as in the burn disease - occurs dehydration (dehydration).

At long stay at high altitude or in hot climates, hematocrit may be elevated.

People with respiratory failure, there is an increased frequency of respiratory movements. This is due to smoking, occupational diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

In order to increase the delivery of the missing oxygen from the lungs to the organs cells, the body produces a large amount of additional red blood cells and hemoglobin. As a result, increased hematocrit index.

Analysis for hematocrit

When the characteristic symptoms in the clinical picture, the attending physician shall be appointed on a clinical blood sample analysis, including the determination of hematocrit. Using this index, one can calculate the degree of anemia or determine the severity of the underlying disease.

The KLA is referred to as the hematocrit HCT.

How to prepare for the study

Used for blood sampling capillary blood (the finger) or venous blood.

In this regard, the patient, the day before the survey, are not permitted:

  • smoking, since smoking increases the spasm of the vascular wall and obstructs blood sampling;Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female
  • eat food before the procedure (particularly fatty, cured);
  • take medications that affect blood clotting in the manipulation of the day (non-narcotic analgesics, antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs);
  • eliminate the effect of unwanted factors on hematocrit (stress reaction, an abnormality sleep-wakefulness, exercise, intake of alcoholic beverages, stay in the high mountain areas, or hot climatic conditions);
  • blood test at the current infectious diseases and in the first three days after recovery.

How does the biomaterial fence

Taking a blood test is carried out early in the morning before breakfast on an empty stomach.

To conduct a survey is necessary to:

  • A special tube with divisions;
  • slide;
  • 10.0 ml syringe;
  • pipette and scarifier (if the biological material - capillary blood);
  • wool alcohol, gloves (pair 2);
  • A special tube with a solution that prevents blood clotting.

The mechanism of manipulation:

  1. Before blood sampling, wear gloves.
  2. He applied a tourniquet.
  3. Processed by the puncture with cotton wool dipped in alcohol.
  4. Workup of dialed vein with 5 ml blood.
  5. Tourniquet is removed.
  6. Dialed biomaterial poured into the vial from a syringe.
  7. The vessel, with the typed material is agitated (estimate density of blood).
  8. Stamp with the initials and surname of the patient on the container.
  9. The tube is loaded into the centrifuge for 10 minutes or laying over about 2 hours (in the absence of the device).
  10. Evaluation of the results.Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female

If we study the capillary blood, using a glass slide and a pipette (instead of a syringe). Processed finger wool moistened with alcohol. Pierced one-off lancet.

The first drop of blood is cleaned of dry cotton wool. The second drop is taken by pipette and recorded on a glass slide and a smaller diameter tube with the scale. The study blood infused and the analysis of the results.

How to wait for the study results

The results of ongoing study are given in the second half of the day. Duration of laboratory diagnosis on blood hematocrit dependent on the presence of appropriate equipment (centrifuge, hematocrit level hematology analyzer) and the number of patients who have passed blood. If such equipment is, the investigation is carried out no more than 3 hours.

Explanation responses analysis

In the adult, blood, after centrifugation, divided into 3 layers. The topsheet, a yellowish tint, and a plasma occupies 55% of the total volume of biomaterial. Medium (thin) layer of whitish hue platelets comprise - 1%.

The remaining volume occupies the lower tube segment, burgundy - red cell mass. Such layering arrangement related to the density of each blood cell. Thus, the physician evaluated the relative laboratorian (visual) ratio of formed elements and plasma taken biomaterial.

Calculation of hematocrit is conducted according to a single formula: NTS = RBC * MCV, where RBC - red blood cells; MCV - the total volume of blood being examined. Estimation of hematocrit is held in conjunction with other indicators of total blood analysis, rarely alone.

Increasing hematocrit indicates a physiological or pathological changes in the body. Pathological causes of the rise level - the development of the disease or inability of the body to recover.

If the hematocrit and erythropoietin synthesis (synthesis activator erythrocytes) are increased, it may be:

  • renal cysts;
  • anemia;Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female
  • shock associated with obtaining trauma;
  • blood diseases;
  • oncological diseases;
  • emotional overload;
  • the effects of hormone replacement therapy.

If the hematocrit is increased by reducing the plasma level in the blood, while the indicators of hemoglobin and red blood cells are not changed - the consequences:

  • burn disease;
  • limited or diffuse peritonitis;
  • diabetes mellitus type 1 and 2.

By reducing the number in the analysis results of blood cells (particularly red blood cells and hemoglobin), it may indicate the development of an anemic condition in a patient.

Reduced Hematocrit may be a consequence of hydration of the body - fluid retention within tissues and organs. This condition is caused by pathological changes in the kidneys, in violation of their functions, as well as acute poisonings.

How much is a study where they spend

Blood sampling on CBC carried out as in public hospitals and in private clinics. In the first case - it is a free event, if referred to the analysis by the attending physician to the appropriate laboratory. There are costs of funds for the purchase of necessary materials (gloves, syringes, cotton, alcohol).

When you contact a private clinic or laboratory, a referral from a doctor is optional, but the cost the study ranged from 180 to 300 rubles., depending on the diagnosis of the volume and price Hospital policy.

Factors affecting the rate

Hematocrit increased in the adult during the procedure for reasons such as:

  • emotional distress, or "fear of white coat";Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female
  • smoking on the eve;
  • use of food shortly before the procedure.

Factor affecting the rate hematocrit may serve comorbidities such as diabetes, kidney disease, liver and lungs.

Permissible deviations from the norm in the analyzes

Hematocrit raised or lowered in the adult may be within 5-10%, depending on the physiology of the organism and its living conditions.

The first reason - dehydration (dehydration) as a result of which increases the hematocrit. This condition can be for people leading a sedentary lifestyle and consume a small amount of fluid per day.

In an obese person, dehydration occurs due to a violation of metabolic reactions, and increased sweating. Athletes who use anabolic steroids, there is also a slight increase in hematocrit due to the saturation of the body with oxygen and red blood cells.

The second reason - hyperhydration body (fluid retention in tissues and organs). This is associated with chronic kidney disease or the use of large amounts of fluid per day (over 1600 ml).

Hematocrit may be reduced by several percent due to the plasma increase, at constant rates of formed elements. During pregnancy or menstruation, hematocrit may fall by 5-10% without affecting the body.

medication

If the percentage ratio of formed elements to the total blood volume is violated, then the treatment will It is not aimed at the restoration of the hematocrit, and for the treatment of the underlying disease, such entailed change.

At an elevated hematocrit, the main objective of therapeutic measures will it lowering the concentration by diluting the red blood cell fluid, namely:

  • infusion therapy (no load) 0.9% saline solution within 250 ml per day for 3-5 days (in a hospital under the control of the treating physician);
  • drinking plenty of fluids and split meals;Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female
  • receiving exception diuretic drugs, if taken previously;
  • burn disease treatment: daily dressings (changed aseptic bandage, processing burn surface), analgesia, excessive drinking, prevention of infection;
  • with severity of the patient - antishock therapy (narcotic analgesia drugs and hospitalization in the intensive care unit).

Of medical treatment directly related to a decrease in hematocrit values, you can use (under the supervision of a doctor!):

  • antioxidants (vitamin C, E). Ascorbic acid (25-75 mg / day for 5 days orally or quercetin 1 r 2 r / d.. in the form of granules, orally, 3-5 days);
  • acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), 0.5 g of 2 p. / day., for a week.

To increase the hematocrit, should be taken:

  • diuretics (loop diuretics): furosemide 40 mg ½ tab, in the morning, before breakfast,.
  • if the reason for the decrease in hematocrit is copious blood loss, is prescribed by the doctor: dropper with plasma, packed red blood cells or plasma substitutes (at medical emergencies) in the amount of the lost blood;
  • vitamins B: thiamine, pyridoxine and cyanocobalamin / m 1 ampoule solution 1 p / day, for 3-4 days..

An important point in improving the ratio of formed elements to the total blood volume will decrease in fluid intake and urine output control daily (how much the patient drank a liquid and allocated per day). If the liquid ingestion, less isolated, then water kidneys displayed in full screen, and is able to hematocrit rise for a short period of time.

Folk remedies

Besides drug treatment, considerable efficacy in hematocrit correction has a folk medicine.

For normalization of the ratio of formed elements to the total volume of blood in anemia should be taken:

  • various fruit cocktails and a mixture of: currant, peach, apple, pomegranate;
  • tomato juice;Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female
  • salad fresh carrots 100 g of product with 2 tbsp. l. 20-30% fat sour cream for 1 month .;
  • apples with lard, egg yolks, sugar and chocolate: rub 5-6 apples (Antonovka varieties) in 400 g of lard and put in oven (no more than 80 ° C) for 1.5-2 hours, then add 12 egg yolks, separated beforehand and mixed with grated dark chocolate (400g). Ingest, 4 / d., After meals, squeezed warm milk.

At elevated hematocrit can take an infusion of yarrow, meadowsweet and Boudreau (50% of the collection), add the celery leaves, parsley and helichrysum.

Two tablespoons of the resulting grass collection thermos filled into (2n) and boiling water is poured. Give brew 2 hour. For treatment, reception should be divided arbitrarily into 4 portions (500 ml) and taken during the day. The resulting infusion restores kidney function and reduces inflammation in the body.

When erythrocytosis (an increased amount of red blood cells) will be effective reception infusion garlic (200g) and honey (300g). The ingredients are thoroughly ground and mixed, and then allowed to brew for 3 weeks. Take 1 tbsp 3p / day., 30 min. before a meal.

diet therapy

Diet therapy is aimed at excluding from the diet: alcohol, fatty, fried foods, and dried.

By reducing the hematocrit, add food diet, rich in iron and protein:

  • seaweed;
  • beef liver;
  • parsley;
  • beans;
  • marine fish and caviar;
  • cranberries, apples, peaches.

At higher rates, are shown foods rich in vitamins, to improve gastrointestinal tract:

  • dairy products (sour cream, cottage cheese, butter);
  • frayed vegetables and fruits.Hematocrit increased in adult blood. The reasons for the male, female

Compliance with dietary table number 11 (use boiled and steamed food). This limitation is due to the loss of body salts, as well as disturbance of the water-salt balance.

Prognosis and complications

Depending on what kind of disease is caused by a change in the percentage of formed elements to the total volume of blood, we can talk about a possible forecast.

If the patient's condition without the characteristic changes, but hematocrit changed - it is not a critical condition of the patient and a threat to its Life at the moment, but the variation in performance can be a harbinger of an acute condition (kidney, liver, the lungs).

To avoid such situations or when the characteristic changes in state of health, the patient should seek immediate medical attention. Increase or decrease in hematocrit in the adult gives a certain clinical picture, which absolutely can not be ignored.

In such cases, the physician guides the patient in such a lab to confirm the changes hematocrit and ascertain the cause of such a condition, then assigns appropriate treatment. On this basis, engage in self forbidden and dangerous.

Your article: Vladimir the Great

Video of the hematocrit

Hematocrit - what is in the KLA:

  • Share
Choking feeling in throat, larynx, chest. The reasons that this could be
Common Symptoms

Choking feeling in throat, larynx, chest. The reasons that this could be

A feeling of choking in the throat for several days in a row is an active manifestation of disorders in the body, the causes of which may be associ...

Types of human body temperature: febrile, subfebrile, hectic
Common Symptoms

Types of human body temperature: febrile, subfebrile, hectic

Body temperature - a complex indicator of the human body. Its types depend on a number of factors: age, health, time of day. Any deviations from th...

Pain in the muscles of the legs and arms. Causes, treatment, medicines, folk remedies, ointments
Common Symptoms

Pain in the muscles of the legs and arms. Causes, treatment, medicines, folk remedies, ointments

Pain in the extremities is one of the common nonspecific complaints among the population. A significant proportion of the uncomfortable conditions ...