Lack of potassium in the body. Symptoms in women, what causes what and how to make up the shortfall

Potassium - an important element in the body of a woman. Its deficiency causes a variety of diseases (cardiovascular, nephrology, endocrinology, other diseases). Because you need to know about the symptoms of potassium deficiency and how to resolve them, to avoid the appearance of various diseases and complications.

Value and potassium function in humans

Potassium is essential for the body.

Trace element performs various functions and is involved in many processes:

• alkalizes blood - is its main objective;
• removes excess liquid from the cells;
• It contributes to fulfilling the heart, blood vessels, capillaries;
• improves the kidney, liver and nervous system;
• It helps to saturate the cells with oxygen;
• involved in the regulation of water-salt metabolism;
• removes toxins, removes swelling;
• normalizes blood pressure;
• It increases the capacity of man;
• prevents excretion of calcium;
• It has a positive effect on the brain by saturating it with oxygen;
• It reduces the risk of arrhythmia, diabetes, other diseases;
• It prevents the development of atherosclerosis;
• involved in enzymatic processes;
• Allegri reduces symptoms;
• controls the level of sodium and magnesium salts;
  
• positive effect on nails, hair, bone tissue.

Norma potassium content in the body in women

The amount of the trace element depends on several factors - age, weight, sex. At its level affects even the place of residence. Because only a doctor can determine the rate of the content of this element in the blood. Biochemical analysis should only be done in the clinic.

The table below lists the average potassium content indicators:

Age	mmol / l
Newborn to 1 year	4,0 – 5,4
Girls under 18 years of age	3,3 – 4,8
adult women	3,4 – 5,6

Causes of hypokalemia

Lack of potassium (in the body of a woman gipokalimiya arises for various reasons) provoke different circumstances:

• strict diet and strict fasts;
• poorly balanced diet (potassium deficiency, but an excess of sodium in foods);
• sweating during exercise, when, together with liquid potassium is lost (at-risk athletes, people engaged in hard labor);
• the use of diuretic drugs (here not include potassium sparing agent), penicillin drugs group. Also, insulin therapy, uncontrolled use of laxatives;
• stress, nervous, mental overload;
  
• Various herbal teas, slimming teas that remove fluid;
• alcohol abuse;
• receiving hormonal, glucocorticosteroid drugs;
• the use of preservatives with excess sodium;
• excessive saturation of the organism with cesium, rubidium, thallium;
• disorders of the excretory system: kidneys; lungs; intestines; leather;
• frequent consumption of carbonated drinks, strong tea, coffee;
• slow metabolism (metabolism);
• excessive excretion of potassium, together with water;
• pregnancy, lactation;
• hormonal disbalance;
• diseases that are accompanied by frequent urination, vomiting enhanced, prolonged watery diarrhea.

Symptoms of potassium deficiency

In the body of a woman's lack of this precious substance has a distinct character.

The lack of potassium is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• convulsions, muscle weakness. The trace element - is the electrolyte, which is contained in the muscle, tissue, nerve cells. It engages the sodium salts. Thus, a conductor of electric charges and controls muscle contraction. If insufficient potassium body receives fewer pulses than necessary. It is a violation of their contractile ability. Convulsive conditions arise that can last several seconds, continuing to 5 - 10 minutes.
• manifestations of fatigue, lethargy, drowsiness, in any way unrelated to physical activity;
• hypertonic disease. The excessive sodium accumulation occurs when potassium microelement insufficient. As a result, dramatically narrowed blood vessels. High pressure increases. Sometimes up to the critical exponents.
• the emergence of constipation. Potassium has a huge effect on the digestive tract because it helps to improve digestion. Reducing substances in the blood interferes with the work of the stomach. Then there is abdominal cramps, poor intestinal permeability.
  
• various tingling. The normal activity of the nervous system supports potassium. All kinds of anomalies are no longer conduct signals to the spinal cord and brain. Because such manifest unpleasant sensations - paraesthesia symptoms (burning, tingling, crawling). There is a danger of paralysis. There are even muscle twitching.
• May feel numbness in the extremities: Finger; hands; feet; feet; palpitations. Cardiac arrhythmias without any reason are often caused by a deficiency of potassium. When you see these symptoms should immediately contact a doctor. Timely replacement body microelement prevent cardiovascular diseases, heart attacks, strokes;
• unstable mental state. The substance helps the normal functioning of the brain. Trace element delivers serotonin coordinates conductivity of nerve signals. depressive disorder;: otherwise unpleasant consequences may arise mood swings; hallucinations; confusion, delirium; prolonged depression.

cardiovascular disorders

Potassium regulates the heart. Its surplus or deficit provokes heart failure, arrhythmia, myocarditis. Can plummet pressure, more frequent palpitations.

Damage to the central nervous system

Micronutrient deficiency causes central nervous system failure. There is irritability, confusion, and insomnia. Reduced intellectual ability.

Violation of the digestive system

Lack mineral promotes destabilization of the digestive processes. Activity slows gastric wall. There is a weakness of the intestine. GI starts to work intensively. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea.

Effect on hair, nails and teeth

Reducing potassium in the body adversely affects the bone condition, teeth, nail plates.

Also, the hair starts to fade, crack, fall.

Changes in metabolism

Insufficient amount of potassium results in glucose intolerance. Deteriorating metabolism, cholesterol dramatically change indicators in the blood. Debilitated people attacked various infections, colds. Skin begin to dry, peel off.

urinary system

Due to the lack of potassium appear functional disorders of the urinary organs. Excessive accumulation of urine in the kidney may contribute cystic formations, development polyuria, noninfectious pyelonephritis. Gradually renal systems begin to produce ammonia, which is damaging to CNS nerve tissue.

Changes in the locomotor system

Due to potassium deficiency, changes in the muscles. Fabric dry wilt. Lack fluid causes spasms and cramps.

The more dangerous hypokalemia?

Even a slight deficiency of potassium causes a very negative consequences:

• excessive stress and exhaustion of the insulin the device can lead to diabetes;
• It provokes hypokalaemia heavy myalgia, arrhythmia, increased muscle tone;
  
• high risk of poisoning the body glycoside drugs when administered in therapy;
• there is a gradual change in the acid-base balance.
• there are pathological changes in the myocardium, leading to sudden cardiac arrest. Such circumstances can cause coronary death.

What tests will help determine the level of potassium in the body?

Potassium deficiency (in the organism in women lack a sufficient amount of the trace element is set during medical examinations) define doctors assigning diagnostic tests.

They are as follows:

• bled for potassium;
• determine allocation of the micronutrient in the urine;
• remove the electrocardiogram to detect heart rhythm disturbances;
• check the mineral content of the hair.

How to prepare for analysis

A special preparation to the study on the potassium content is not required.

It is necessary to observe a few guidelines:

• one day before analysis should be excluded from the diet of fatty, spicy, pickled food. It is also necessary to give up fried foods;
  
• before the test can not drink alcohol within 10 days of taking the medicine, as well as doing an x-ray and FG;
• if the state of health requires eating (in diabetic disease) is necessary to consult a physician.

How to take the analysis

Study blood early in the morning. Since its composition varies throughout the day. Sampling was carried out from the vein fasting. But allowed to drink water. The laboratory analysis is done using the titration method, or using an automatic analyzer.

Waiting times and decoding results

Normally, blood biochemistry results ready for the next day.

transcript

For a healthy person in the normal amount of blood cell is from 3.5 to 5.1 mmol / liter. In the case where agent is less than 3.05 mmol / liter, then there is the kidneys. This state is called hypokalemia.

Its manifestations are:

• nausea, vomiting;
• muscle weakness;
• shortness of breath;
• involuntary release of urine, feces.

The sharp increase in the potassium content - up to 7.15 mmol / liter. The increase in trace element in the body shows a large loss of fluid. This is called hyperkalemia.

Visual symptoms:

• slow heart rate;
• low pressure;
• loss of sensation.

And deviations from normal values ​​may be associated with diabetes, cardiovascular disease, muscle diseases. Uncharacteristic potassium increase in blood shows accumulation in the body of toxic substances. For example, the excessive presence of aspirin, oxalate, glycolate.

Admission estrogen, phenylbutazone, acetazolamide has a strong influence on the study. These drugs may provoke an increase in potassium.

substance concentration decreases when receiving furosemide, theophylline, metazolon. As well as bicarbonates.

drug treatment

potassium reserves quickly restore medicines containing the trace mineral.

These include:

• "Potassium orotate";
• "Asparkam";
• "Potassium-normin";
• "Panangin".

Medications produce tablets, liquid solutions. In complex cases, sometimes administered intravenously "Potassium chloride". The preparation includes glucose. Because its use may have the opposite effect. Which will lead to rebound hypokalemia. The drug does not increase the content of potassium, and opposite, provokes its decline.

The dosage depends on the extent of the disease and hypokalemia features of the patient. In any case, all the appointment of a doctor should do. Only a doctor can determine the necessary amount of drug and treatment time.

Clinical nutrition deficiency with potassium

Lack of potassium (in the body in women deficit valuable element will restore a certain diet) make up a proper diet.

Healthy foods

Food is considered to be the main source of supply of this important trace element. He digested almost 100%.

Products containing potassium:

• melons, watermelons, pumpkins;
• nuts, dried fruits, candied fruit;
• tomatoes, eggplant, mushrooms;
• potatoes, carrots;
• spinach, celery, radishes;
• parsley, beets, cabbage;
• peas, beans, beans;
• bananas, citrus fruits, apples;
• avocado, kiwi, figs;
• plums, apricots, peaches;
• dried apricots, prunes, raisins;
• grapes, gooseberries, cherries;
• cherry, mulberry, black currant;
• radish, garlic, green onions;
• buckwheat, oat, barley groats;
• milk products;
• cacao, tea, fresh juices;
• sunflower seeds;
• bread;
• fish;
• meat.

Supply circuit for a week to replenish potassium

Many nutritionists, cardiologists prescribe certain foods to improve the body, reduce the weight of the patient. Lack of potassium (in the body in women needed in trace elements make up correctly composed menu) to restore the diet.

Such a diet is necessary for the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular pathologies. For example, tachycardia, stroke, hypertension, other diseases. It helps eliminate potassium deficiency, the removal of excessive fluid from the body tissue, pressure normalization.

Nutrition Program is two-fold. The first method was developed by nutritionists. It is prescribed for adults and child. 6 meals a day is calculated. The diet is divided into 4 parts. 1st and 2nd lasts 1 - 2 days. 3rd, 4th - 2 - 3 days.

The second method is suitable for those who wish to carry out preventive or reduce your weight through diet. Then it is possible from the list of proposed products to make your own diet. It is impossible to pursue a course of more than one decade.

Stage 1:

Monday - Tuesday	7:00	Baked potatoes in the "uniform" - 2 pcs, black coffee or tea bags whitened milk..
10:00	Juice of fresh cabbage - 1 tbsp.
13:00	Grated carrot, potato pyurirovanny soup, fruit jellies.
16:00	Dog rose Flask - 200 ml.
18:00	Pounded potatoes.
20:00	Carrot fresh.

So eat for 2 days in a row if you want to stick to such a diet for 10 days. Take the same products. This also applies to the next part.

Stage 2:

Wednesday Thursday	7:00	Baked potatoes and tea.
10:00	Wheat cereals, vegetable juice - 1 tbsp.
13:00	Potato and cabbage soup in a blender peretorty, dumplings, lemon jelly.
16:00	Tea from the hips - ½ st.
18:00	Pilaf raisins. Apple compote plum - 0,5 art.
20:00	Carrot juice.

3rd stage:

Friday - Sunday	7:00	Millet porridge with milk. Dried fruits (150 g).
10:00	"Tolchonka" nectar yablochnyy- 250 ml.
13::00	Oat soup with vegetables, carrot chops - 2 pcs, fruit compote -. 1, Art.
16:00	Dog rose Flask - 125 ml.
18:00	Boiled fish - 1 slice, mashed potatoes.
20:00	Beet juice or banana.

4th stage:

Monday Wednesday	7:00	Dairy buckwheat, vegetable salad, coffee.
10:00	Dried - 200 g fresh carrot - 1 tbsp.
13:00	Soup of mashed vegetables, rice porridge, boiled meat - a few pieces of plum stewed fruit.
16:00	Apples, baked in the oven.
18:00	Potato steam cutlets, boiled chicken.
20:00	Celery juice.

During potassium diet should be followed certain rules.

You can not eat the following foods:

• fatty, fried products;
• canned food;
• pickles;
• pies, burgers, sandwiches.

You can not drink:

• natural coffe;
• carbonated drinks;
• green tea;
• alcohol.

Should eat fresh fruits and vegetables. When food is being prepared, a useful element enters the water. Therefore it is best to have a soup broth, a variety of cereals. It is necessary to eliminate excessive salt intake. It retains water that is the cause of high blood pressure.

Liquids can drink no more than 1.5 liters / day. This includes a variety of teas, herbal infusions, various soups, solid food. The substance has a diuretic effect. Because increasing the load on the kidneys.

During dieting eat more often, but small portions. It is better to give preference to plant foods, low-calorie dishes, freshly squeezed juices.

Potassium has important functions in the body of a woman. Even the smallest micronutrient deficiencies can significantly disrupt the operation of all systems. Therefore it is necessary at the slightest indisposition consult a doctor in order to avoid unpleasant consequences.

Registration of the article: Lozinski Oleg

Video of a lack of potassium in the body women

These symptoms may indicate a deficiency of potassium in the body: