Blood sugar rate in men and women over the age of the table, the symptoms of high, what to do, medication, diet, food, folk remedies

Age rate of blood sugar is different depending on the gender of the person. Variety of food consumed increases, but its composition is often not as good for the body, as we would have liked.

Average daily amount of sugar for the middle-aged man - '25 However, the actual rate of consumption often exceeds the mark of 150 g Against the background of this figure and rising levels of diabetes, it is important to monitor the balance of blood sugar, and see your doctor regularly.

What is glucose and what are its functions

Glucose (aka "grape sugar", "dextrose") - refers to the group of simple carbohydrates - monosaccharides, and is part of the most important polysaccharides such as glycogen and starch. In its pure form, it is a white or colorless fine crystals having a pronounced sweet taste, and are readily soluble in water. In industrial purposes glucose obtained from starch and cellulose.

Glucose - is the most important and most versatile power supply for the cells of the body. Once in the body with food composed of polysaccharides, it is rapidly absorbed into the bloodstream. For the successful absorption of certain bodies needs the hormone insulin.

In addition, the glucose in the body has a number of important functions:

• interchangeability: if necessary, glucose is convertible into all existing monosaccharides, and all the monosaccharides can be converted into glucose;
• being split, the body supplies more than a third of energy used;
• participates in plastic processes of building new cells;
• as part of glycogen stored in the body for backup purposes

Norma sugar in the blood of men: Table age

Important! All assays to detect blood sugar levels are carried out on an empty stomach, and in the table demonstrates, without meals.

Age	sugar, mmol / l
0-1	2,7 – 4,4
1-14	3,3 – 5,6
15-30	3,4 – 5,7
30-50	3,4 – 5,9
50-60	4,0 – 6,4
60-80	4,6 – 6,4
80 and more	4,2 – 6,7

Norma blood sugar levels in women: a table of age

It is important to understand that the deviation from the norm even at 3-5 points in any direction - it is not a disease. It is possible that before the use of sugar has not yet had time to fully split in the blood, or vice versa, due to weather anomalies or seasonal vitamin deficiency, blood levels fell.

Consult a doctor appropriate in the case where sugar indices fell below 3.5 mmol / l or ascended above

Age	sugar, mmol / l
0-1	2,8 – 4,4
1-14	3,2 – 5,5
15-30	3,5 – 5,7
30-50	3,5 – 5,9
50-60	3,8 – 6,0
60-80	4,2 – 6,2
80 and more	4,6 – 6,9

As can be seen from the tables, the level of sugar in the female and male body has slight differences.

The norm in the venous blood glucose

Blood Sugar (normal for age are presented in Table previous section) can be diagnosed by several methods. And, in fact, as studies using blood material of two types: venous and capillary. No more preferred embodiment, - a method of diagnosis and a method of blood sampling regulates the attending physician.

But you should know that in the preparation of biological material from the vein and from the finger, the final figures differ slightly. The standard is considered to overestimate the performance of venous blood by 11-13%. Therefore, when a result of venous blood for more than 7 mmol / l - Diabetes is diagnosed, whereas the result of this index finger is only slightly higher than normal.

Diagnostics glucose

Once the patient showed signs of high or low sugar, the doctor is obliged to send it for further analysis. This is because the single indicator is not enough to put the analysis.

The doctor must find out precisely the reasons for which there have been adverse changes in the patient's body. The most effective ways to detect diabetes, even in the early stages are:

clinical analysis

Total expanded CBC is a primary way to diagnose problems with the blood.

Its result shows not only sugar, but also offers important parameters:

• the total content of hemoglobin in the blood;
• the amount of hemoglobin in a red blood cell;
• the percentage of erythrocytes, thrombocytes and leukocytes;
• erythrocyte sedimentation rate.

By analyzing the results revealed:

• presence of inflammatory processes;
• anemia;
• reduction reactions of immunity;
• the presence of blood clots in the vein wall.

Typically, the material for analysis is taken from a finger, but sometimes used and venous blood for him. The procedure is performed on an empty stomach.

Clinical analysis of norms in adults

These data are not relevant for children under 15 years of age and adults over 70 years old, because at these ages normal values ​​may vary significantly for each individual person, and must be set by the attending doctor.

• Platelets.

For men and women - 180-320h10⁹/ l

• Erythrocytes.

4-5 x 10 - for men¹²/ l

For women - 3.7-4.7 x 10¹²/ l

• Leukocytes.

For men - 4-9 x 10⁹/ l

For women - 4-8 x 10⁹/ l

• Hemoglobin.

For men - 135 - 160 g / l

For women - 120-140 g / l

• Erythrocyte sedimentation rate - 2-16 mm / h
• Hematocrit - 0,40-0,50
• The color indicator of red blood cells - 0,86-1,15

Blood sugar

Blood Sugar (normal for age designated upper and lower permissible limit glucose level) is determined by analysis of capillary blood. Therefore, it is most popular among physicians in the diagnosis of irregular amounts of glucose. As in the previous analysis, the blood has been taken from the finger.

A few tips before delivery of the analysis:

• should not eat for 8-10 hours before the procedure;
• avoid stressful situations, and insomnia;
• not to smoke an hour before the procedure;
• inform the nurse about the presence of colds.

The result of analysis is only one parameter - the amount of glucose per liter of blood. But on the basis of his doctor can put the most accurate diagnosis.

Biochemistry

A popular method of research that can identify a whole range of serious diseases: hepatitis, diabetes or malignant tumors.

Blood sample is taken from a vein in a sufficiently large quantity: approximately 10 to 20 ml, and after a procedure should not sharply rise. It is better to sit in the waiting room or eat small amounts of foods high in sugar (if not contraindicated by the doctor): chocolate, sweet tea or juice.

The result of the analysis contains a large range of indicators, but to control the level of sugar the most important of them are:

• Glucose.

The most important marker to determine the status of sugar in the blood. In the normal state is not more than 7 mmol / l.

• The percentage change in glucose level in 3 months.

History of blood glucose dynamics - is the key to understanding the causes of the disease. Normal indicator does not exceed 8%.

• Cholesterol.

For diabetics cholesterol is important because it shows the overall timely vessels. Its average rate of 3,57-6,58 mmol / l, but with an increase in the sugar component also increases.

• Insulin.

What is important is the fact that in diabetes type I its level drastically reduced. It helps in the proper diagnosis of the disease. Normal insulin levels 5-24 uU / mL, but in diabetic patients it is usually below.

• Protein.

Average rates of 65-85 g / l - diabetes somewhat lowered.

Clarification of tolerance

This analysis differs from the others in that the glucose level is measured over time. Generally, all procedures are carried out on an empty stomach, but the study of sugar with the load must show how the glucose level rises after a meal. Often, for such a study address if other indicators are mixed.

The analysis is carried out in two stages:

1. Taking fasting.
2. Taking postprandial blood: after 1 and after 2 hr.

In the normal state, the glucose level does not rise more than 1.6 mmol / l. If the increase in glucose did not stop within 2 hours and exceeds the norm, the diabetes is diagnosed.

glycosylated hemoglobin

Each of the above analysis describes the level of sugar for only a short period of one to three days. This is not enough to get a complete picture of the disease, and to identify its causes. In this case, a test for glycosylated hemoglobin.

Glikolizilirovanny hemoglobin is the result of binding of hemoglobin with glucose. This "product" can be stored in the body up to 120 days, and rise, if the body has a problem with his right breeding. It is this and find out the experts after taking analysis.

The procedure represents a single blood sample from a vein or fingerprint. Its average rate should not exceed 5.7% for all ages. If HbA1c level over 6% - this is a serious reason for the increase of sugar prevention. The exponent 6.5% diagnosed diabetes.

When sugar increase is not considered a pathology?

Blood sugar, the rate of age-which may not correspond to the standard indicators - this is not a reason to turn to a specialist diabetologist. There are several cases in which elevated blood sugar can not be associated with this disease.

The patient should report them to your doctor, who will appoint additional research:

• diseases of the pancreas.
• Cardiovascular failure.
• Hemoglobinemia - a chronic increase of free hemoglobin in the blood.
• Infectious-inflammatory diseases.
• Malignant tumors.
• ileus.
• thyroid disease.

In addition, there are reasons, temporarily affecting the increase of sugar. On them you need to remember in order to prevent misdiagnosis.

• Eating before the procedure: some patients do not comply with regulations on compliance with hunger, because of this, the analysis results are usually higher than normal.
• Significant physical activity: causes short burst of blood glucose levels.
• Mental strain and stress can trigger a drop in sugar.
• Smoking: an increase in hemoglobin body tries to protect against harmful substances.
• Receiving certain hormonal preparations.
• living environment and way of life.

How often should I check the sugar?

Of course, the frequency of sugar checks varies greatly for different groups of people:

1. Healthy people between the ages of 12 to 45 years.

This group of people less susceptible to changes in blood glucose levels, so the test should be conducted annually as a preventive measure or as part of the general medical examination.

1. People aged 0-12 and 45 years or more, or subject to acute / chronic diseases not related to the glucose level.

For such people, it is appropriate to increase the number of checks, because they are at risk of diabetic lesions. The frequency of inspections should be shown therapist depending on the patient's health, but held not less than once every six months.

1. Group of people in a pre-diabetic condition.

In this case, except for stationary tests, which are shown not less than once a month, the patient is prescribed an independent verification of the level of sugar with the help of a home glucometer. It is desirable to carry out not less frequently than once a day in the morning before eating.

1. Patients with diabetes mellitus I degree.

This high-risk group, which shows the measurement of sugar level at least 3 times a day. Additionally, you must use the meter to start driving the vehicle, after taking insulin, before and after exercise and eating.

1. Patients with diabetes mellitus II degree.

Showing daily checks: one in the morning on an empty stomach, and one in the afternoon after a meal. If the patient has already developed an optimal diet and rhythm of life, then the number of tests can be reduced to 3-4 times a week.

Symptoms of changes in glucose levels

Unfortunately, most of the symptoms of lack or overabundance of glucose in the blood, there is already in the late stages, when the disease is not inevitable. Therefore, upon detection of one or more symptoms from this list, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Most of the symptoms are different for each sex.

1. For men:

• constant and severe shortage of water, dry mouth, even after receiving the fluid, regular urge to drink due to "washout" a significant proportion of the liquid together with glucose;
• Convenience urge to urinate because of the great pressure on the kidneys;
• feeling of lethargy and sleepiness, excessive fatigue due to insufficient supply of cells and tissues;
• excessive urination;
• increased or decreased appetite due to starvation of cells;
• high blood pressure;
• itching;
• amblyopia.

2. For women:

• increased appetite, particularly cravings for sweets without dialing fat mass;
• crying, irritability, mood swings;
• sensitivity deterioration limbs;
• prolonged healing of bruises, wounds and abrasions;
• inflammatory processes in the urogenital system.

3. For pregnant:

• blurred vision;
• increased appetite;
• thirst even after receiving the fluid;
• high blood pressure;
• increased micturition;
• constant fatigue, drowsiness.

Age rate of blood sugar in pregnant women often do not coincide with the standard. Therefore necessary that the listed items are associated with changes in glucose levels. However, these symptoms signal a malfunction in the body, so you should immediately consult your doctor.

hypoglycemia

The lack or surplus of blood sugar are characterized by two different states of an organism, which respectively require a different approach and treatment.

The first of them - is hypoglycemia - an abnormal decrease in blood sugar levels. It is characterized by acute cellular starvation due to lack of glucose and the development of related diseases, such as anemia.

There is a real and false hypoglycemia. In the first case, blood analytical studies reveal low blood sugar (typically this figure patients does not exceed the level of 3.5 mmol / l), and the second - no. This is due to the fact that when glucose false disease can periodically fall into several items, returning then to standard readings.

The second type of the disease is more difficult to diagnose, so it is more dangerous to the health of the patient.

hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia - a deviation of the blood sugar levels higher than normal. In this case, pancreas, forced to secrete more insulin is quickly exhausted, which leads to a general weakening of the body and the risk of diabetes.

The high content of sugar in the blood will inevitably lead to the development of many serious diseases:

• obesity;
• blurred vision;
• ischemic disease;
• heart attack;
• renal work;
• bleeding in the brain.

It is important to understand that hyperglycemia (and hypoglycemia) - this is just a side symptom of the disease that caused the abnormal blood glucose. It is therefore necessary not only to cure the consequences, but also to find the root cause of the disease.

Methods Glucose stabilization

There are two ways to decrease (increase) in blood sugar levels: insulin and medication.

1. medicines

With increasing (decreasing) the level of sugar effectively use the medicines prescribed by your doctor:

• glitazones - inhibit the production of glucose, improve insulin sensitivity in liver (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone);
• biguanides - actively stimulate the production of insulin, increased glucose usvaevaemost (metamorfin, glyukofazh);
• glinides - activate insulin growth (nateglinide, repaglinide);
• Inkretinomimetiki - restore proper insulin production (exenatide).

2. Insulin

First, what recourse people diagnosed with diabetes - is insulin. He is appointed only when other medicines do not provide the desired action.

Its varieties depend on the speed of the impact on the body:

• -acting (2-4 hours);
• short duration of action (5-7 hours);
• secondary (10-14 hours);
• long (up to 25 hours).

Human Nutrition, diet

1. Diet for high blood sugar

When elevated levels of sugar can not do without the correction of the daily diet. Proper nutrition can help prevent diabetes or to prevent its acute stage.

The first step is to give up smoking and alcohol consumption, as well as to exclude several products:

• with the content of the "fast" carbohydrates: sugar, confectionery, jams;
• dried fruits;
• fat dairy products;
• bakery products, high in carbohydrates.

In diabetes need to monitor the ratio of proteins, fats and carbohydrates in the body. It should be about 20/35/45%. The diet should consist of only authorized products:

• fresh vegetables (except potatoes, green peas);
• fruit (except bananas and grapes);
• Vegetable fats instead of animal;
• xylitol and fructose as the sugar substitutes;
• greenery.

2. Diet under reduced sugar

With the shortage of sugar in the blood, there are several products that help to raise the level:

• whole grain breads;
• nuts;
• fat dairy products;
• fish;
• greenery;
• barley, corn and wheat.

Table permitted and prohibited products

Blood sugar, the rate at which age for diabetics is very different from the usual, requires constant monitoring and maintenance of using drugs and supportive diet. Consider what foods are allowed and prohibited for people suffering from low blood sugar. And, just select the products that you can use with extreme caution.

Allowed	illicit	Carefully
Cereals: corn, rice, buckwheat, oatmeal	Cereals: wheat, oats, barley, rye	Dairy products with low fat
Products of flour, gluten-free	Any baked goods from a flour containing gluten	Honey
Tea and coffee	Sauce, ketchup, mayonnaise, mustard, pepper	Fruits
Lean fish and meats	All sugary foods containing sugar	Sweeteners: xylitol, stevia, sorbitol
nuts	Alcohol	Juices and fruit drinks
mushrooms	Fast food	cheese
berries	Smoked sausages
Greenery	Dried fruits
Vegetables

In the case of low blood sugar, is strictly prohibited or permitted no products. sugar level rises with medication, either through increased intake of fast carbohydrates.

Traditional methods of treatment, prescriptions

Reduce the sugar folk remedies is not easy. It requires perseverance and systematic. There are no tools that could quickly help in the treatment of high blood sugar.

But as the course of treatment, fit a few recipes:

• Infusion of laurel leaves (10 pieces per 200 ml of boiling water). Consumed 50 ml before meals.
• Pinch turmeric, diluted in 100 ml of boiling water. Taken in the morning before meals and at night before bedtime.
• Washed and dried bean pods pour boiling water - about 1000 ml. Infuse 12 hours. Take 100 ml of half an hour before a meal.
• Gathering herbs - clover, St. John's wort, bay leaf, cover with boiling water, and insist 3:00. Take 40 ml before meals. No more than three times a day.

fit such simple means to increase the level of sugar:

• Three tablespoons of honey diluted in 100 ml of warm (in any case not hot) water.
• Fruit and vegetable juices or fruit drinks.
• Strong tea with sugar.

Prevention glucose level changes

Prevention of changes in blood sugar levels is the same as with the recommendations doctors about healthy lifestyles, and is a few simple rules:

1. Absence of bad habits (alcoholism, smoking, drug use).
2. Daily exercise: visit the gym or walking at least 5 km.
3. Exclusion from the diet of a large amount of fast carbohydrates: sweets and pastry.
4. Adding to the diet of fresh (winter - frozen) fruits and vegetables.
5. Consumption of a sufficient amount of pure water - no less than 2.5 liters per day.
6. Controlling the flow of a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals.
7. Control sugar level every six months.
8. The annual medical examination.

If the rate of sugar in the blood does not match with a table of age, consult a doctor. You should not self-medicate, because this pathology may show a large spectrum of diseases. Only versatile medical tests and consultation with a specialist can help pinpoint the cause and method of treatment of the disease.

Author: Valeria Otava

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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