Glycosides heart medications. The entire list of what it is, a list, classification, name, price

Cardiac glycosides - a group of medicines used to treat cardiovascular diseases. The list of such tools is quite large.

The mechanism of action of glycosides

Glycosides - heart drugs, the list of which is constantly updated, has the following therapeutic action:

Effect	clarification
cardiotonic	It enhances saturation, but decreases the heart beat phase. This makes higher force attack and restored the ability to pump blood.
antiarrhythmic	It slows down the process of creating cardiac electrical impulses and carry them across all departments. As a result, it becomes less than the heart rate becomes higher and the gap of heart relaxation.
anti-ischemic	Circulation in weak myocardial cells becomes better, but not due to an increase of blood vessels, and by reducing the need for a nutritional components.
Diuretic	Outputs the excess water from the patient.
Vascular	Resumes the tone of blood vessels in important organs of life.

Glycosides cause the restructuring of the myocardium and change the number of electrolytes and metabolism:

• It occurs inhibition of enzymatic activity by which potassium derived from the human body, and calcium in the body is transported.
• Blocked the effect of adrenaline, accelerating the heartbeat, stimulating the nervous system.
• Activated compounds which are reducing infarction: myosin and actin.

Classification. list of titles

Cardiac glycosides are divided into 3 types.

Long-acting means

This type of drug reaches a maximum after use through the action of 7-11 hours, which extends 9 days or more. When administered intravenously effect could be observed after 30 min. By means of this type include digitoxin, a Karditoksin, Kordigit, Medilazid.

Means the average duration

This type of glycosides using begins to show the effect after 5 hours, which lasts 2 days. When administered intravenously positive effect can be seen after 15 min., And the highest after 3 hours. Such preparations are meant Tselagid, Digoxin.

emergency funds

Glycosides with a rapid effect refers to the means of emergency aid. These agents are administered only intravenously, positive reaction occurs within 6 min. For this kind of glycosides include lily of the valley and strophanthus.

Medication therapy begins with high doses to produce proof of medical action. Further dosage makes less and continue treatment as maintenance therapy. For this group of glycosides include the following drugs: Strofantidin acetate, Strofantin K Korglikon.

Preparations origin

Glycosides - heart medications, and the list price is quoted in the article are composed of natural-based and have a strong cardiotonic effect. These means include glucones and aglycone.

The first affects the absorption of penetrating through the shell. Aglycone has steroidal structure and carries a certain quality glycosides. In this type of medication are no substitutes. Plants - sources for the manufacture of drugs. Glycosides can be divided into: the polar and non-polar.

polar glycosides

These glycosides are almost not dissolve in lipids. But they dissolve in water very well and have less effect to the dominance systolic. Their duration to 6 days.

The non-polar glycosides

The non-polar glycosides in water almost insoluble, completely absorbed in the digestive tract. they also have a lasting effect for 2 weeks.

Glycosides are classified according to the appearance:

• digitalis glycosides red;
• digitalis glycosides wool;
• digitalis glycosides rusty;
• glycosides sea onion;
• glycosides zheltushnik;
• glycosides strophanthus.

Indications

There are situations in which the use of these compounds fits best:

• Acute disorders that manifest themselves in the form of atrial fibrillation in the area.
• Lack of blood vessels and heart muscle.
• Flickering in the atria, and tachycardia. Medical complex begins with the fact that the patient is given the maximum dose. This technique is used to reduce the failure. After a positive result conducted intensive therapy, in which drugs are used in smaller dosages. When observing toxicity to cancel acceptance and continue treatment process using potassium means and magnesium.
• When insufficient circulation.
• If ventricular tachycardia.
• In severe heart disease.

all of these diseases can be cured by the use of such compositions. After the application of funds in the health status of the human body is observed peripheral resistance increase. With proper use, you can change the atrial flutter, and monitor reduction.

Contraindications

Cardiac glycosides - drugs that are large enough list, have a number of contraindications.

Drugs in this group is prohibited to use at:

• an allergic reaction to the drug substance;
• subaortic stenosis;
• slow heartbeat;
• a state of shock;
• myocarditis.

There are also relative contraindications, which include:

• myocardial infarction;
• kardiomipatiya;
• pericarditis;
• while carrying a child;
• anemia.

In childhood, too, prescribed cardiac glycosides. View agent and dose should be prescribed by a doctor.

The ineffectiveness of drugs

Even if the patient has indications for medication data, there are cases where their use should be avoided:

• allergic to the drug;
• glycoside intoxication;
• slow heart rate 50 / min;
• hypokalemia;
• renal insufficiency.

Apart from the contraindications, there are cases when glycosides are inexpedient, as it does not solve the following problems:

• pericarditis;
• stenosis;
• aortic valve.

admission rules

glycosides cardiac medications should be taken as follows: doctor chooses from the list of the necessary medication to the patient and assigns it the maximum dosage. When symptoms of deficiency are reduced, the dosage is reduced.

Inside it is allowed to use non-polar cardiac glycosides, which are well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Cardiac glycosides that are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, commonly used parenterally, previously diluted with sodium chloride.

Side effects, drug toxicity

Distinguish cardiac and extracardiac side effects from the use of the group:

• Cardiac manifestations:
• ventricular fibrillation;
• AV block;
• sinus arrhythmia;
• tachycardia;
• politopnye tachycardia;
• sinus bradycardia.
• extracardiac manifestations:
• nausea;
• anereksiya;
• vomiting;
• deterioration of visual acuity;
• insomnia.

Poisoning with drugs may occur due to an overdose.

Symptoms of an overdose of cardiac glycosides, first aid

Symptoms of poisoning by means of heart can be divided into three types:

• The symptoms are caused by gastrointestinal irritant effect of drugs on the stomach and intestines:
• decreased appetite;
• the patient constantly sick;
• there is diarrhea.
• From the nervous system:
• rapid fatigue;
• bad headache;
• anxiety appears.
• Symptoms of acute poisoning, are as follows:
• the heart is malfunctioning;
• stops the heartbeat;
• arrhythmia;
• hypotension;
• chest pain.

If intoxication occurs during the injection means, it is necessary to immediately stop its administered.

In the case of urgent measures required acute poisoning:

1. Should ensure that the patient at rest.
2. To remove or undo the clothes, open the windows for fresh air.
3. Use enterosorbent.
4. Use saline laxatives.

Irrigate the stomach in this case is not recommended. After all, this will lead to a high parasympathetic tone, by which the patient will only get worse. Glycoside poisoning - a considerable fortune, threatening the patient's life, so medical help is needed in any situation.

The most commonly used drugs, dosages, price

Cardiac glycosides - drugs, the list of which can be supplemented by Adonis, adonizid, tincture of lily of the valley, include the following agents prescribed for heart disease:

Digoxin

Digoxin is a cardiotonic agent, cardiac glycoside.

The active ingredient digoxin means more:

• lactose;
• sucrose;
• potato starch;
• talc.

Indications:

• chronic heart failure;
• paroxysmal supraventricular arrhythmias.

Contraindications:

• allergic to a substance means;
• breastfeeding;
• glycoside intoxication;
• age up to 3 years.

The dosage of the drug selected individually. For patients who used cardiac glycosides, the dosage should be reduced. When emergency therapy means administered at 1.25 mg 2 times a day. For slow therapy of 0.5 mg 1 time per day for 7 days. The drug is released in pharmacies with a prescription, and it cost 70 rubles.

strofantin

Strofantin is fast cardiac glycosides, made from the seeds of tropical vines and It refers to the polar group of cardiac glycosides, which are almost not dissolve in lipids and are poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract.

Its action is due to the blockade and the impact on ION exchange, thereby improving myocardial contractility. Means potentiates the effect and duration of the contractions of the heart. Also, the drug prolongs diastole, improves blood circulation in the heart and increases stroke volume.

Indications:

• cardiovascular diseases;
• tachysystolic shape flicker.

Contraindications:

• glycoside poisoning;
• allergic to a substance means;
• sinoatrial block.

Guide to strofantinom must be strictly observed. It is administered intravenously over 4 minutes, 1 ml of 1 times a day, diluted beforehand with sodium chloride. Means rare designate intramuscularly. If used, the dosage is increased by 2 times. The positive effect of the use of the drug occurs within 12 minutes after administration.

The drug has a prolonged effect, the duration of which is preserved for several days. Almost 50% of the agent after administration interact with plasma proteins.

The bulk of the funds derived from the kidneys. The remaining part reaches the intestine and the gall and is excreted in the feces. If the patient has kidney disease, while removing the drug becomes larger. Strofantin by prescription and the cost of 45 rubles.

Korglikon

Korglikon is a mixture of glycosides of lily of the valley. Its active agent and optional Korglikon chlorobutanol hemihydrate. Lily of the valley glycosides are effective upon parenteral use as quickly decompose in the gastrointestinal tract.

The drug does not bind to blood proteins and biotransformed in the liver, kidneys displayed unchanged. removing time is 28 hours. Withdrawal means may change when gallbladder disease.

Indications:

• cardiovascular diseases;
• tachysystolic form of the scintillation.

Contraindications:

• glycoside intoxication;
• carotid sinus syndrome;
• myocardial infarction;
• endocarditis.

Korglikon used intravenously, slowly for 5 minutes. Means diluted with sodium chloride and administered 1 or 2 times per day. Adults are injected with 1 ml, children of 2-4 years of 0.5 ml. Means sold on prescription, and the price of 40 rubles.

Tselanid

Tselanid is a cardiac drug that exhibits a nootropic and Dromotropic. Means slow heart rhythm. In people with chronic heart failure, drug causes vasodilating action.

When using the drug is well absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. It is 25% bound to blood proteins and exhibits effect after 2 hours and after 6 hours maximum. Means is metabolized in the liver and excreted with the feces.

Indications:

• heart failure;
• chronic pulmonary heart;
• tachysystolic form of arrhythmia.

For the treatment of orally administered agent of 0.5 mg daily 3-4 times. For maintenance therapy for 3-5 days appoint 0.25 mg 2 times a day.

Contraindications:

• glycoside intoxication;
• bradycardia;
• cardiac asthma.

Means by prescription and costs between 47 rubles.

Diet for heart failure

Power control is one of the conditions for the successful treatment of heart failure. Often unhealthy lifestyle, alcohol and smoking are the causes of this disease.

When heart failure affects all the internal organs. Therefore, the diet should be balanced. The last meal should be no later than 2 hours before bedtime. It is also necessary to exclude the use of salt. During the day, you need to use lighter products.

Result in heart rate can help:

• lean fish;
• seafood;
• dried fruits;
• honey;
• dairy products.

Diet with such food can be easily transferred. But many people can not get used to the low amount of salt. This is the main condition of power in relieving cardiac activity. You can use salt substitutes and add apple cider vinegar. Better prepare all steam or boiled way. Spicy and fried, it is desirable to eliminate from the diet.

Folk methods of treating heart failure

Traditional recipes tested by hundreds of years. These methods involve not only the preparation of various concoctions, but also all sorts of manipulations, which allow strengthen the heart.

Motherwort

Grass all known for its soothing properties. It helps the heart in the restoration of its normal operation. The plant includes in its composition of vitamins and minerals that have a positive effect on the heart muscle.

Motherwort helps fight cramps, has a soothing effect and it is recommended to use for people who need to strengthen the heart muscle. To prepare the medication you need to take 1 tbsp. l dry grass, pour boiling water, to insist night and filter. Use medicine 4 times daily for item 0.5. Ready infusion can be purchased at the pharmacy.

tasty treatment

To prepare the medication will need:

• honey;
• prunes;
• dried apricots;
• nuts;
• raisins;
• lemon.

Dried fruits need to pre-soak in water, then twist in a meat grinder. The entire mixture must be thoroughly mixed and stored in the refrigerator. Consumed on an empty stomach 1 time per day.

Hawthorn, wild rose

Hawthorn helps expand blood vessels, eliminate venous congestion, normalize heart circulation. It also cleanses the blood vessels of cholesterol. Rosehip includes tannins, which help to avoid constipation during treatment.

To prepare the drink need to take equal parts of wild rose and hawthorn to fill a thermos with boiling water. Drink should insist night. Sugar in the drink does not need to add or take 1/3 Art. 3 times a day.

Cardiac glycosides - drugs related to a broad class of nitrogen-free compounds. They have a large inventory and do not tolerate unprofessionalism on the part of doctors, as well as eliminate the use of the patient without consulting a cardiologist.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

Video of glycosides

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