Laryngotracheitis. Symptoms and Treatment 2-3-4 in children 7-8 years. video Komorowski

laryngotracheitis It refers to the group-infectious inflammatory diseases (develops as a result of ingestion of virus and bacteria). The pathology is characterized by the penetration of the pathogen in the tissues of the larynx and trachea.

The disease is most often diagnosed in children under 6 years old, because they have a relatively short length of the respiratory tract, as well as due to the amorphousness of these bodies (registration ends to 7 years). Parents laryngotracheitis is important to know the symptoms as the disease can be fatal if untreated.

Reasons laryngotracheitis in children and risk factors

The primary cause of laryngotracheitis is to hit the pathogen into the larynx and trachea.

Penetration of infection may result in:

• Development of complications after SARS (mostly observed after influenza or adenovirus infection);
• presence of bacterial infection in the body (tuberculosis, scarlet fever);
• allergic reactions affecting respiratory organs;
• infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract (rhinitis, adenoids).

Laryngotracheitis occurs more frequently in children at risk or in the presence of precipitating factors:

• a weakened immune system (protracted infection in severe in recent times, radiation or chemotherapy for cancer, chronic disease);
• avitaminosis;
• frequent colds;
• living in an area with poor environment;
• Large dust and fumes in the air;
• bronchial asthma;
• intensified pressure on the throat singing or loud cries;
• inhalation of tobacco smoke as a result of passive smoking;
• hypothermia legs or the whole body;
• respiratory disorder nose (curvature or fracture of the nasal septum, the presence of a foreign body in the nose);
• strongly narrowed lumen of the trachea or larynx consequence of specific features;
• prolonged inhalation of cold, dry or hot air.

The most important precipitating factor is children under 7 years old when the larynx and the trachea before the end of the feature.

forms of the disease

Laryngotracheitis (symptoms and treatment in children depend on the form of disease) has conditional division of 4 criteria:

conditional criteria	forms laryngotracheitis	Features
By type of pathogen	Allergic. Pathology caused by an allergic reaction of the body. Viral. Laryngotracheitis can be a complication of viral diseases, and result from the strong hypothermia (due rhinitis, severe coughing).	The disease is not contagious, it can occur in chronic and acute form.
Bacterial. The disease is caused by the development of complications of bacterial diseases.	The pathology is infectious in nature. Most often it occurs in acute form.
Viral. Laryngotracheitis can be a complication of viral diseases, and result from the strong hypothermia (due rhinitis, severe coughing).	The disease can be both contagious and be caused by provoking factors. It can occur in any form.
The speed of onset of the disease since the beginning of	Sudden. Laryngotracheitis developing rapidly and as an independent disease (due to hypothermia, lack of immunity).	Infection enters the body resulting in a strong attenuation of the immune system and the availability of precipitating factors.
Acute. Symptoms appear sharply against the background of the presence of infectious disease.	The development of the disease caused by the wrong treatment (or lack of) infectious diseases.
Gradual. Symptoms appear gradually. Pathology can be caused by a complication or begin to develop independently.	The pathology in this form often occurs in people with weakened immune systems, resulting in symptoms is weak.
The speed of disease progression	Acute. The disease develops rapidly with bright symptoms. The duration of the disease is not more than 14 days.	Laryngotracheitis can develop both individually and be a complication of an infectious disease.
Chronic. Symptoms of the disease can then be amplified, then subside. The pathology may be present for years.	The disease is often a symptom of chronic respiratory diseases or allergies.
According to the severity of the respiratory mucosa	Catarrhal. It expressed redness and the development of a small swelling in the larynx and trachea.	It appears in the initial stage of developing the disease.
Atrophic. There atrophy of tissues in organs and violation data protection functions.	May be present in smokers and people who inhale the polluted air.
Hyperplastic. It manifested in proliferation of connective tissues of the larynx and trachea. Can go to a cancer form.	More likely to develop the chronic form of the disease.

Accurate diagnosis and choose the appropriate treatment alone is impossible. It is important to timely pass inspection and treatment to prevent the development of complications.

Symptoms laryngotracheitis in children

Symptomatology laryngotracheitis in children depends on the form of the disease.

But the onset of the disease is usually characterized by common features:

• improving temperature characteristics. The value depends on the cause of the disease;
• respiratory failure;
• acceleration amount heartbeats due to lack of oxygen;
• coughing different characteristics;
• congestion in the nasal passages, runny nose;
• permanent sore and sore throat;
• hoarseness and voice alteration;
• because of the pain in my throat the child refuses a meal.

Symptomatology generally enhanced at night, causing sleep disturbance. It is important, when blue lips and nasolabial triangle is an urgent need to call an ambulance.

acute laryngotracheitis

For laringotraheita flowing in the acute form, characterized by the following symptoms:

• a sharp rise in temperature, since the disease often develops as a complication of an infectious disease;
• tickling and tickling sensation in the throat;
• dry cough, "croaking", causes pain in the throat and chest. Present mainly in the morning and at night;
• increased cough occurs with a deep breath, inhalation of cold air;
• by coughing allocated a small amount of viscous and thick sputum;
• husky voice with hoarseness;
• dryness and burning in the throat.

Gradually the cough becomes wet. Present sputum yellow-green color. Perhaps the increase in cervical lymph nodes.

chronic laryngotracheitis

Symptomatology in chronic laryngotracheitis seen the intensification, the symptoms of weakening:

• hoarseness in the voice, the voice can be lost during long conversations;
• cough worsened by deep inspiration or inhalation of cold air;
• persistent sore throat, pain when coughing appears behind the breastbone.

In the quiet period of the disease is present constant cough, with exacerbation is amplified expectoration.

Allergic disease

Allergic laryngotracheitis is expressed by the following symptoms:

• dry barking cough, increased upon contact with the allergen;
• respiratory failure;
• pain and sore throat;
• hoarse voice.

With a large number of allergen may increase the temperature to 38 degrees.

constrictive laryngotracheitis

Constrictive laryngotracheitis is the most dangerous form.

The disease is accompanied by a narrowing of the larynx or trachea, which can lead to suffocation. The disease manifests itself:

• hoarseness and voice hoarseness;
• ringing cough;
• increasing the number of heart beats;
• frequent shortness of breath, even with low physical activity;
• noisy breaths.

If a strong narrowing of the airways is marked blue lips, weak breathing, and pale skin.

Emergency care for a child with acute laryngotracheitis

Laryngotracheitis (symptoms and treatment of children are interrelated, because of the severity of symptoms is determined by the severity of the disease and the appropriate therapy) can lead to suffocation, Therefore, parents is important to know the sequence of actions in a given situation (before the arrival of the ambulance)

1. Calm down the parents themselves, as children, seeing the fear of adults, begin to panic, which causes shortness of breath and increased coughing. This provokes the strengthening of edema and the deterioration of the child's overall health.
2. Child seat, it is desirable to mom on the knees, it additionally calms.
3. Open all the vents in the house can be a window, if the weather permits. If necessary, with the spray humidify air.
4. Remove the child from the top tight clothes.
5. To give the patient an antihistamine. The dosage and type of medication should be age-appropriate. This will reduce the swelling in the airways.
6. To give the patient drink the mineral water without gas or with soda water (200 ml of 1.3 g of soda).
7. Drip nose vasoconstrictor drugs, they not only facilitate nasal breathing, but also to reduce the swelling of the larynx (since the drug in a small amount enters the airways).
8. If you have a nebulizer give the baby to breathe with saline. In its absence, the patient can give a breath of hot water steam.
9. In the absence of temperature can grind feet or make hot footbath. This will provide a rush of blood to the extremities and reduce swelling in the throat.

Since the attacks occur mostly at night, you should not much bother the child, it can also scare him.

You can turn on the night light and produce all the procedures in a room on the bed. The child must be in a sitting position, it facilitates breathing and performing procedures. It is important, when breathing stop you want to open the baby's mouth with a spoon, put pressure on the root of the tongue, causing induce vomiting. This action will cause extension reflex airway.

diagnosis of disease

Diagnosis is made laringotraheita pediatrician or otolaryngologist stages:

1. Gathering information from the patient's words:
   1. what symptoms are present except for "barking" cough and respiratory disorders;
   2. Factors which preceded the development of the disease (ARI, hypothermia, exposure to the allergen);
   3. whether there is a predisposition to allergies;
   4. when symptoms worsen.
2. Listening to the child's breathing and temperature measurement.
3. Inspection of the throat and nasal passages.
4. Specimen collection. Required to identify the infection and determine the overall condition of the patient.
5. Sputum.
6. Hardware Survey:
   1. X-rays of the larynx and Troch;
   2. CT;
   3. tracheoscopy.

In case of suspicion of cancer is made a fence material for onkotestov. When the diagnosis is required not only to eliminate the disease with similar symptoms (asthma, bronchitis, jam a foreign body in the airways), but also to identify the type of pathogen to determine accurately the respective drugs.

Methods of treatment of laryngotracheitis in children

The following treatment methods are used in the diagnosis laryngotracheitis experts:

• try to ensure the voice and the psychological peace of a child, to reduce the load on the respiratory tract;
• indoor air should be in the range 18-20 degrees and sufficiently moistened;
• adherence to diet therapy. The child should be getting enough nutrients. The food should not irritate the larynx and trachea;
• required to provide adequate patient drink, for humidification of the larynx and trachea, liquefy sputum and accelerating output of toxins;
• receiving appropriate medication (antiviral, antibacterial agents or antihistamines);
• physiotherapy;
• inhalation.

Additional treatment folk remedies performed with permission pediatrician. Full compliance with the doctor's recommendations will prevent the development of complications.

In severe forms of the disease treatment is made stationary. According to Dr. Komarovsky antibiotics should be deleted. Improve breath and kill the pathogen can reception antitussives and immunomodulating preparations. Thus less damage to the body of the child will suffer.

Drug therapy for age and form of the disease

Laryngotracheitis requires medical treatment, as in children's disease risk of developing serious complications. When choosing a drug pediatrician or otolaryngologist take into account the child's age and the shape of the severity of disease, the symptoms and diagnostic results.

Age of the child	forms laryngotracheitis
Allergic	Viral	Bacterial
0-12 months	antihistamines (Fenistil, Zyrtec, Diazolin); to eliminate the common cold (Protargolum, sulfacetamide, Otrivin).	antipyretics (Efferalgan, Kalpol, Ibuprofen); antiviral drugs (Anaferon, Viferon, aflubin); to eliminate the common cold (used similar drugs as allergies); to improve sputum discharge (Ambroxol, Lasolvan, Ambrobene).	drugs to reduce the temperature. Used similar drugs, as when the viral infection; antibiotics (Amoxicillin, Augmentin, Amoksiklav); for normalizing the microflora (Lineks, Lactobacterin, Normobakt); of dry cough. Assigned similar drugs as viral diseases.
1-3 years	antihistamines (Erius, Tsetrin, Zodak); to eliminate the common cold (Nazol baby, Nazivin, vibrotsil).	antipyretics (Tsefekon, Viferon, Panadol); antiviral drugs (Orvirem, Tamiflu, Arbidol); to eliminate the common cold; to improve sputum discharge (aleukia, Gerbion, Gelisal).	drugs to reduce the temperature; antibiotics (Flemoksin, Cefuroxime, Zinnat); for normalizing the microflora (Atsipol, Rotabiotik, Bifiform); of dry cough.
3-7 years	antihistamines (Claritin, Tirlor, Suprastineks) to eliminate the common cold (Naphthyzinum, Sanorin, Rinostop).	antipyretics (Ibuklin, Paracetamol, Nurofen); antiviral drugs (Kagocel, Isoprinosine, Amiksin); to eliminate the common cold; to improve sputum discharge	drugs to reduce the temperature; antibiotics (Supraks, Panatsef, Sumamed); for normalizing the microflora (Hilak Forte Colibacterin, Enterol); of dry cough.
After 7 years	antihistamines (Kestin, Tizin, Suprastin); to eliminate the common cold (Nazol, Pinosol, Allergodil).	antipyretic drugs (Motrin, Theraflu, Coldrex). antiviral drugs (Derinat, Oscillococcinum, interferon); to eliminate the common cold; to improve sputum discharge (Kofasma, Codelac, Sinekod).	drugs to reduce the temperature; antibiotics (azithromycin, Miramistin, Dioksidin); for normalizing the microflora (Normoflorin, Bifikol); of dry cough.

To eliminate swelling in the airways, viral and bacterial laryngotracheitis further recommended to take antihistamines.

Folk remedies at laryngotracheitis

Laryngotracheitis (symptoms and treatment in children depend on the stage of the disease) to troubleshoot using folk remedies. In mild disease, or as a prophylaxis folk compositions can be used as independent therapy. At medium and running types of the disease requires complex treatment. Should consult a doctor.

Regulations preparation and use of folk remedies:

The dosage form formulations folk	components used	Features of the application
Charges herbs for oral	A mixture of mother coltsfoot and oregano (15 g) of chamomile flowers (15 g) and 250 mL of boiling water.	Herbs steamed in boiling water. Infuse 30 min. strain. Drink during the day for 3-4 hours.
Combine in equal proportions licorice root, fennel and mother-and-stepmother. It takes 20 g of collecting and 300 mL of boiling water.	Steamed collection and insist 30 minutes. Divide infusion for 4 receiving and drink throughout the day.
Juices and syrups for use inside	Fresh carrot juice (200 ml), honey (30 mL).	The juice is required to heat up slightly and dissolve the honey in it. Take 5 mL of 10-20 times per day.
Onion, sugar (50 g), warm water (200 ml).	In the water put sugar and chopped onion. Simmer on fire for 10-15 minutes. Consume 10-15 ml 4 times per day.
Figs (4-5 fruit), milk (200 ml)	Pour into a thermos of hot milk and put the figs. Infuse 8 hours. Take 50 ml 3 times per day.
Infusions and decoctions for rinsing	Sea salt (3 g) and warm water (200 ml).	Connect the components and mix thoroughly. Salt should be dissolved completely. Not to rinse 3 times a day.
Soda (3 g), warm water (150 ml) and 1 potato juice.	Connect the components and mix well. Gargle 3-4 times a day. Use fresh solution each time.
Infusions and solutions for inhalation	Baking Soda (3 g) and drinking water (200 mL).	Connect components. The solution used for inhalation using a nebulizer.
Potatoes and eucalyptus oil (2-3 drops)	Potatoes need to boil (do not remove from broth), add oil of eucalyptus. Breathing over steam (can not hide towel). Carry out the procedure 2-3 times a day. Be sure to bedtime.

In the treatment of folk compositions it is important to monitor the reaction of the child, as funds can cause allergic reactions and worsen the patient's condition. It is important to the people, all the compositions are used with extreme caution and only with the permission of the pediatrician.

Inhalation medicaments using

The most effective is to use at laryngotracheitis inhalations using drugs. Drugs can quickly relieve the breath during exacerbations of the disease.

The following medications are recommended for a nebulizer:

• Flomax. The drug is available not only as a solution for inhalation, but also as an inhaler. That is easy to use when you are outside the home. There are no age restrictions;
• Saline. It is used only for inhalation using a nebuliser. Age limits are also available;
• Pulmicort. The powder and the solution are used for inhalation using a nebulizer. In childhood, used under the supervision of a pediatrician, as the agent may cause a delay in growth.

Dosage and inhalation time is adjusted individually according to age and the severity of the disease form. Independent adjustment of the course of therapy is prohibited.

diet therapy

During treatment it is important to adhere to the diet therapy:

• food should be warm. Hot or cold food will be irritating to the respiratory tract;
• oily, spicy and salty foods are excluded, as they have an excessive burden on the digestive tract and promote moisture retention in the body;
• daily diet should consist of small portions. Multiplicity of a meal 5-6 times a day;
• diet should be varied. Products should contain sufficient nutrients (soups, liquid cereal pieces with soft fruits, soups);
• to exclude from the menu allergosoderzhaschie products.

The day is necessary to use at least 2 liters. Preferably, juices, fruit drinks and jellies.

physiotherapy

If laryngotracheitis occurs without fever, the doctor (in combination with drug therapy) appointed physiotherapy:

• UHF therapy. The therapeutic effect on the body is high-frequency electromagnetic field;
• magnet. The procedure is performed on the hypopharynx region;
• electrophoresis. Produced administration of drugs through skin under the influence of a weak electric current;
• short ultraviolet radiation mucous larynx.

At home, you can make a light massage, which are as weak pat on the back (the baby is lying down). This allows the efficiency of the waste sputum from the lungs. Additionally recommended once a year, to visit medical resorts.

My daily routine for children with laryngotracheitis

Laryngotracheitis (symptoms and treatment of children is important to discuss with the pediatrician, self-diagnosis and self-treatment can carry a deadly danger to the child) It lends itself to successful therapy in compliance with doctor recommendations to Home mode:

• daily ventilation and humidification of the air in the room;
• observe the temperature regime, not only in the room, but also to dress baby for the weather;
• make daily walking, preferably in a forested areas (in the absence of temperature);
• eliminate the presence of the child in the smoking areas;
• the patient must sleep. It is therefore important to give the child to fully relax, not only at night but also during the daytime.

If any colds (even the common cold) requires prompt treatment, otherwise the disease may progress to a complication in the form laryngotracheitis.

Possible complications and prognosis

Laryngotracheitis dangerous development of suffocation. Therefore, it is crucial to begin treatment of the disease. Subject to doctor's appointments and the passage of a full therapeutic course of disease amenable to removal. In the absence of appropriate measures, the pathology becomes chronic and can cause death.

Possible complications from laryngotracheitis are:

• violation of tone and voice quality (permanent hoarseness or hoarseness);
• due to lack of oxygen, the child may lag behind in mental and physical development;
• penetration of infection in the bronchi.

In the chronic form laryngotracheitis occurs regularly in the respiratory mucosal injury ways that can cause the development of benign or malignant tumors in the respiratory ways. Laryngotracheitis advantageously develops as a complication of infectious diseases undertreated or an allergic reaction.

The disease is most often diagnosed in children from birth to 6 years. This age is required in the selection of medicines based on age indicators. In appointing conditionally permitted the drug is required to comply strictly with the dosage and course of treatment. Importantly, in the absence of therapy, the disease can lead to death, so parents should be aware of the dangerous symptoms of the disease.

Video of laryngotracheitis

Acute laryngotracheitis:

Author: Svetlana Kotlyachkova