Rheumatism. Symptoms and treatment for adults, children, people, drugs

Rheumatic fever is an autoimmune disease that affects the connective tissue of the heart and joints. At the same time develop pronounced symptoms of inflammation, impaired heart function, and musculoskeletal system. The disease affects adults and adolescents, the latter suffer a bit more often, and treatment should be timely, comprehensive.

types of diseases

In the international medical practice, there is no separation of the disease into different types. However, doctors conventionally divide rheumatism acute and chronic. The first develops after streptococcal infection accompanied by severe clinical manifestations.

The chronic form is accompanied by less severe symptoms, but there are regular exacerbation of 2 to 4 times a year, depending on the extent of tissue damage.

Additionally, physicians rheumatism isolated from a primary lesion of heart tissue, and form of the disease, in which the most affected joint compound. This not only violates their work. But also leads to complications.

Stage and grade

Rheumatic fever, symptoms and treatment of which must be discussed with the specialist proceeds in three stages, each of them is accompanied by different clinical manifestations. The initial stage is characterized by the residual effects after suffering a sore throat or a severe sore throat. The patient is weakened, there is fever, heart palpitations.

Progressive stage accompanied by a lesion of cardiac connective tissue and joints. Symptomatology significantly impairs the overall condition of the patient, disturbed motility, there is reduced efficiency. If at this stage does not begin treatment, the inflammation extends into several of the joints, and heart function greatly disturbed.

At an advanced stage the symptoms are exacerbated. In some patients, the clinical picture develops in reverse order, ie the manifestations are mild, and the condition gradually improved. However, this improvement is deceptive because it leads to the transition of the disease into a chronic form.

symptoms

Usually symptoms of rheumatic fever develops within 2-3 weeks after suffering a severe respiratory disease, tonsillitis, laryngitis and tonsillitis. It is usually similar diseases of the throat are chronic, ie pathology manifests itself after the next exacerbation.

The most common clinical manifestations are the following:

1. Increase in body temperature up to + 38-39 ° C.
2. Tachycardia, dyspnea on exertion.
3. Unexpressed pain in the heart.
4. The slight decrease in blood pressure. In adolescence, this display is not as common, but mature patients always say the change indicators.
5. Weakness and intense work of sweat glands.
6. Thirst, increasing with increasing body temperature.
7. Poor appetite, weight loss.
8. Sometimes the patient worried about a cough that is not accompanied by phlegm.
9. Defeat of the skin, which manifests itself in a rash which has a different shape and size, but does not rise above the skin surface.
10. Involvement of the small capillaries, accompanied by the formation of single or multiple marks on the various areas of the body.
11. Education under the skin of rheumatic nodules, which are small, firm to the touch, but do not cause pain.
12. Decreased performance and a sleep disorder associated with severe pain.
13. Pain in large joints such as the hip, elbow and knee.

It is worth noting that elderly patients is dominated by symptoms of the heart, and young people - on the part of articular joints. Features and Differences from other rheumatic diseases of autoimmune origin is the "volatility" of pain.

This means that with involvement of multiple joints discomfort in them appear alternately. First, for several hours hip joint pain, pain then proceeds to the knee or the shoulder.

In addition, there is symmetry of the defeat of the compounds, that is just two inflamed joints on both sides. Additionally externally disease manifested as redness and swelling in the joint area and local hyperthermia.

Many patients, especially in adolescence, along with joint disease observed pain in the lumbar region.

Such manifestations of the disease is characterized by a classic, but there are also atypical forms when there are only a few symptoms. The disease occurs at the same time in the mild, the general condition is not violated, but increases the risk of transition to the chronic form.

Causes of

Rheumatic fever, symptoms and treatment that bothers patients of all ages, is caused by a number of predisposing factors.

The principal will be the following:

1. Hereditary predisposition to such diseases.
2. Previously transferred scarlet fever in severe form.
3. The presence in the body of chronic suppurative focuses streptococcal or staphylococcal infections. For example, chronic tonsillitis, laryngitis and sore throat may be the main reason for the development of rheumatic fever.
4. Frequent infections.
5. The presence in the group of the protein the body B.
6. A weakened immune system.
7. Frequent viral and colds.
8. Chronic stress, overwork.
9. The lack of vitamins and minerals in the diet, chronic vitamin deficiency.

According to statistics, 70% of cases the disease is triggered by running tonsillitis. At the same time in these patients, it often becomes chronic.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis of the disease is not difficult, especially if symptoms persist. But to clarify the diagnosis uses several techniques to help determine the degree of disrepair.

Method	Description	Venue and cost
The total survey and examination of the patient	Specialist listens to complaints, examines the joints and use a stethoscope for listening to heart sounds. In rheumatoid arthritis is almost always present systolic murmur	Held in each clinic, payment is usually not required
Clinical study of blood	The standard method of diagnosis, allowing to identify the concomitant rejection of other organs. Almost always as a result you can see the increase in leukocyte and erythrocyte sedimentation rate	Available for each clinic, in particular the establishment of the price is 200-300 rubles.
Blood chemistry	In addition to study liver function tests and prothrombin index, the specialist determines the rate Revmoproby. indicators do not change in the initial stages, but expressed rheumatism Revmoproby exceed occupational exposure limits	The technique is available for private and government clinics, in the first cost is about 400 rubles.
ECG	A simple but effective method that helps identify the tachycardia and other violations in the work of the heart	Conducted in settings where there is adequate equipment, the price of a private clinic - 200 rubles.
Ultrasound of the heart and joints	One of the most effective methods of diagnosis, especially in the early stages, when the blood analysis does not help clarify the diagnosis	Examination can take place in settings where there is a corresponding apparatus. Price starts from 400 rubles. and it depends on the number of joints to be tested

The most effective method is considered to determine the level of Revmoproby and ultrasound diagnostics.

When to see a doctor

Rheumatism is considered dangerous and serious disease, the symptoms of which significantly impair quality of life, and treatment should be timely. It is therefore recommended that at the first signs refer to a rheumatologist.

In small communities, such a narrow specialist is not always available. In this case, you need to visit a therapist who will appoint an additional diagnosis and treatment.

prevention

Completely eliminate the chance of developing rheumatic fever impossible. But the observance of simple rules will help to reduce the risk of symptoms. The first and most important is considered to prevent the transition of the throat into the chronic form.

Sore throat, tonsillitis, and other inflammatory diseases should be treated at the first signs that will eliminate the spread of infection throughout the body.

In addition, the need to strengthen the immune system by taking vitamins and normalize diet. This will eliminate the frequent viral and colds, provoking the spread of streptococcal and staphylococcal infection.

Additional preventive method will be a regular visit to the doctor if there is a hereditary predisposition to rheumatic diseases. It is worth noting that the early detection of signs of rheumatism eliminates it becomes chronic.

therapies

For the treatment of disease using conventional medications. Which help to suppress the symptoms of inflammation. In addition, the recipes used alternative medicine and other methods.

Medications

disease treatment necessarily involves the use of antibiotics and other means.

Standard therapeutic regimen includes the following formulations:

1. bitsillin 5 - antibacterial medication from the group of penicillins, which for many years was used for rheumatism. He has a strong effect, it helps to suppress inflammation in the connective tissue of the heart and joints. The treatment regimen involves administration of 1 injection per day every 2-3 weeks. The means available in powder form and previously diluted with sodium chloride or 0.5% novocaine, administered intramuscularly. The course consists of 4-6 injections depending on the extent of organ damage. Price drugs - 20-50 rubles. 1 vial of lyophilisate.
2. nimesil - powder for solution, which is taken orally. The drug belongs to the group of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory and has a pronounced effect, reduces pain and prevents the progression of the condition. Additional means reduces the local temperature in the region of inflammation, as well as general body temperature. The day the patient is allowed to use no more than two bags. Duration of treatment - from 5 to 10 days. Typically, the patient feels relief after only a few days, normal sleep and the pain becomes bearable. The cost of 1 bag with the powder is 30-40 rubles.
3. dexamethasone - glucocorticosteroids, appointed in severe rheumatism and severe pain. The drug has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect, it helps to cope with the acute symptoms of the disease and prevents the development of complications. The day the patient receives from 2 to 4 ampoules drug (dosage 1 ampoule with 1 ml - 4 mg). Solution was administered intravenously or intramuscularly after being dissolved in 20 ml 0.9% sodium chloride. Duration of treatment - 7-14 days. Price of 1 mg drug is 10-15 rubles.
4. Ketarol - analgesic and anti-inflammatory medicament in tablet form. Allowed to take 2 pieces per day for 5-7 days. The drug is quickly eliminates the acute pain, improves overall health and prevent disease progression. Price starts from 80 pills rub.
5. Groprinozin - the immunostimulatory and antiviral drug that helps fight disease through activation of natural body defenses. You must take 2 tablets 3 times a day for 10 days. The medicament is highly effective and can significantly accelerate the cure. The cost of 50 tablets is approximately 1500 rubles.
6. atenolol - Medicines from the group of beta-blockers, which is appointed by the appearance of pronounced symptoms of heart failure. It helps reduce myocardial oxygen demand, which helps normalize the heart rate and facilitate the work of the body. Take your medicine you need to 1-2 tablets a day for 10-14 days. Price drugs - from 50 to 120 rubles. depending on the manufacturer. Usually, this medicine is used in the treatment of elderly patients.
7. Ingalipt - topical antiseptic used for the rehabilitation centers of purulent infection in the patient's throat. The drug is available in the form of a spray, followed by treating the throat from 2 to 4 times a day for 10 days. Such treatment helps influence the focus and prevent the further spread of the disease. The cost of spray is about 60-80 rubles. 30 ml.

After elimination of the acute symptoms of the patient prescribe vitamin course. It helps to restore strength, improve the general condition and prevent depletion as a result of receiving potent medicines. The most popular is considered complex by Doppelgerts.

It is specifically designed for patients suffering from heart disease. You must take 1 tablet a day for 30 days. means the cost starts from 350 rubles.

Traditional methods

Rheumatism (symptoms and treatment are considered an important issue in patients younger and middle-aged) can not be cured with the help of alternative medicine prescriptions. But these medications help relieve the general condition of the patient, and strengthen the immune system.

A mixture of honey, garlic and lemon is considered the best remedy for heart disease. Garlic also additionally has a positive infusion of the joints and blood vessels.

Prepare the medication simply:

1. Grind 5 bits previously peeled garlic.
2. Grind 5 lemons with the peel.
3. Put the ingredients in a container made of glass.
4. Add 500 ml of liquid natural honey.
5. Leave part of the week for infusion.

Ready to use the medicine in the morning and evening in the amount of 1 tbsp. l. Continue treatment until the mixture is completed. Contraindication to such treatment will be allergic to any of the components of the composition, as well as exacerbation of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Hawthorn - a universal remedy for heart disease. It is necessary to grind 20 g of fresh fruit, add 1 L of water and boil for 10 minutes. The resulting broth to push at least 2 hours and then filtered. Taking medication 50 ml 3 times per day. The duration of the treatment course - 2 weeks. Such an agent is considered to be very effective, it strengthens the immune system and normalizes heart function.

For topical pain relief and birch leaves are used in the joints. You can take the dry or fresh raw materials, applied to the affected joint, fix the bandage and leave for 3-4 hours. Repeat the procedure every day for 1 week. Usually this time is enough to eliminate acute pain.

Alcohol tincture of propolis are also allowed to use for rubbing the affected joints, but only in the absence of redness and local hyperthermia. Prepare drug may be from 20 g of propolis and 100 ml of alcohol. After infusion for 2 weeks infusion allowed to be filtered and used for grinding before bedtime. Repeat the treatment for at least 10 consecutive days.

Any folk remedy may only be used after consulting a doctor and pass diagnostic testing. Self-medication is dangerous to health.

Other methods

Rheumatic fever, symptoms and treatments which are often interrelated, after elimination of the acute symptoms can be successfully treated using physiotherapy techniques.

Electrophoresis with drugs helps to eliminate pain and inflammation. Diclofenac solutions commonly used or Naklofena. Drugs have a pronounced effect. At the joint area is applied a special pad impregnated with a solution.

Thereafter, using a low-frequency electric current drug particles delivered directly to the affected area, which ensures rapid achievement of therapeutic result. The course consists of 10 sessions of 20 minutes each, which are held 2-3 times a week.

The use of ultrahigh-frequency therapy is also considered an effective method. In this device acts on the affected joints, it stimulates the regeneration of tissues and eliminating pain. The procedure is performed in a hospital or outpatient setting from 2 to 4 times a week, its duration - 20 min. The course consists of 7-10 sessions.

Exercise therapy - an effective method used already at the stage of recovery in order to restore normal joint mobility. Under the professional supervision of patients performs simple exercises that help to improve the functioning of only connections, but also muscle.

Classes are held 2-3 times a week for 15-20 minutes. The minimum duration of the course consists of 15 lessons. After that, the patient is allowed to continue with the exercises at home.

possible complications

Untreated rheumatism almost always becomes chronic, accompanied by regular exacerbations and deterioration of the functioning of the heart. In addition, the disease can lead to the development of chronic arthritis. The patient says about the constant pain in several joints and restrict their mobility.

In adolescents, acute rheumatic fever is often complicated by heart defects. It is also possible severe inflammation of the joints followed by ankylosis, ie complete disappearance of mobility. necessary to treat the disease in a timely manner to prevent such complications.

Rheumatic fever - a fairly common and serious autoimmune disease whose symptoms occur in patients of all ages. Do not ignore the symptoms and treatment of this condition. This will avoid severe complications.

Registration of the article: Vladimir the Great

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