Human pressure. The norm for age, weight, pulse table in adult men, women and children. How to raise, lower blood pressure at home

human condition largely depends on the level of his blood pressure. Strong abnormalities can lead to pathologies with the heart, nervous system, blood vessels, heart attack, stroke. To avoid problems or aggravate the condition, it is required to adhere to certain rules and to know the rate of blood pressure by age.

The upper and lower blood pressure difference, the role of the body

The top pressure is changed at the time of ejection of blood from the myocardium of the heart. When normal blood pressure does not exceed 130 units. However, these figures are the norm only for healthy and young body. With age, the pressure will rise and after 50 years, the norm will be considered already 140-150 units. In medicine, this is called the systolic pressure.

When the constriction of blood flow in vessels or formation blood viscosity, blood pressure increases.

Lower pressure (diastolic) is measured during relaxation of the heart muscle after ejection of blood from the heart. These parameters also determine the blood circulation in the veins and blood vessels. Normal for a healthy person is a figure of 70-85 units. The big difference in terms of high and low blood pressure indicates a good tone in the vascular system.

When malfunction vessels on them the blood flow worsens and the pressure begins to deviate from the norm. But do not worry, if the diastolic blood pressure values ​​have changed dramatically. This can occur from stress, temperature changes and fatigue. At constant race it is recommended to consult a specialist.

Raising or lowering blood pressure means that increases or decreases the force of blood flow in vessels. If you do not bring the body into balance work, soon it will cause oxygen depletion and the emergence of serious violations. Pressure is considered normal when the level of 120/80 units. The difference is about 40 units.

If the difference is increased or decreased, it can lead to diseases of the heart system. In addition, due to frequent fluctuations will wear the artery walls.

Deviation is not more than 10 mm Hg. Art. It considered normal, but may be a sense of drowsiness. In elderly people the difference can be up to 60 units. It's normal values, as they have already worn walls of blood vessels and elastic.

How to measure blood pressure?

For accurate readings, before measuring the need to refrain from smoking, drinking coffee and tea at least 1 hour. The measurement is performed on an empty stomach.

To measure pressure, follow the recommendations one by one:

1. You need to sit down and take a relaxed posture, leaning back in his chair. Clothing sleeves should not squeeze his hand, which will be measured blood pressure. Legs should be relaxed and not throw one over the other. Hand to put on the table, palm up, and leave in a relaxed state.
2. Cuff tonometer should be 5 cm above the elbow.
3. In the process of measurement is necessary to refrain from talking and unnecessary movements.
4. The cuff should not strongly squeeze his hand. If the fingers of the second hand does not pass under the cuff, then you have it weaker.
5. The membrane must be placed at the center of the hand. First you need to test the pulse of the arm, so that later to know the place for the measurement of blood pressure.
6. The hearing aid must be inserted into the ears.
7. You need to pump bulb to the point where an arrow tonometer will pass mark of 200 mm Hg. Art.
8. Next, we need to begin to tighten up the wheel to release the air.
9. When measured at the same time you need to look at and listen to the dial pulse in the stethoscope. The first blow pulse points to the upper pressure readings, the final blow will determine the lowest pressure.

All results are recommended to record to see changes in the future. To determine an accurate result, it is necessary to measure the pressure of 2-3 times at intervals of 10 minutes. The average of all measurements will indicate the exact result.

What factors affect blood pressure?

Human pressure (normal for age as defined below) can vary regardless of the predisposition or the disease. It can be divided into a secure (stress, changing weather conditions) and dangerous (disease, genetic predisposition).

Often risks are due condensability or blood thinners. This affects the strength of the blood flow. As a result of this phenomenon leads to pathologies of the cardiovascular system. Also on blood pressure affects the elasticity of the vessel walls. If the vessels are badly bent and stretched at high blood emissions, there is an acceleration of wear.

This can lead to chronic diseases related to the deviation of the blood pressure and cardiovascular organs. In a healthy person under stress pressure rises sharply, but immediately restored. A patient person recovery process is much slower, which has a detrimental effect on his health.

Table norms AD age for women, men and children

Human pressure (normal for age is shown in the table) has different allowable parameters.

Age	The average blood pressure of normal pressure mmHg
0 - 14 days	55/35 – 90/45
14 - 30 days	75/35 – 108/70
1 - 12 months	85/45 – 108/70
1 - 3 years	95/55 – 108/70
35 years	95/55 – 112/72
5 - 10 years	95/55 – 118/74
10 - 12 years	105/65 – 124/80
12 - 15 years	105/65 – 134/84
15 - 18 years	105/65 – 128/88
18 - 30 years	124/76 – 125/74
30 - 40 years	128/78 – 130/82
40 - 50 years	136/80 – 140/85
50 - 60 years	140/82 – 145/86
60 - 70 years	145/85 – 147/88
70 years and above	147/87 – 150/92

If any deviation from the norm, it is necessary to consult a doctor to determine the cause and take medication the body to prevent further progression of the disease.

The mechanism of change of pressure indicators with age

At birth, a child in a small pressure (55/35 - 90/45). The reason is not yet developed vessels. In adulthood, the pressure is gradually increased. In infants, it may differ from established norms and for a time did not rise. The reason for this may be a slow development of the cardiovascular system.

This complication is not serious, if not accompanied by other abnormalities. Parents are encouraged to make a child move more. At the age of 5 - 10 years in a child can be high blood pressure. This may be caused by physical activity.

If the pressure does not decrease for a long time, then you need to reduce physical activity of the child. Top BP in adulthood will be constantly enhanced, and the bottom - to drop. If the index will vary by no more than 15 units., It will be considered in the normal range.

What is the pulse pressure

Pressure, so-called pulse is determined at blood pressure measurements. The difference between large and smaller number - this is the PD. With these figures the doctor is able to determine the condition of the aortic valve, the work infarction, permeability of the blood through the arteries of man. In PD also have a table, which contains the norm for age.

Pulse rate by age

Low PD can cause:

• anemia;
• headache;
• fainting.

It should not deviate from the norm over than 15 units.

Otherwise, it will signal the diseases such as:

• Heart sclerosis;
• vascular dystonia;
• inflammatory myocardial damage;
• anemia.

If the PD fell and quickly restored, it may signal an initial stage of the disease. After these jumps need to monitor the further work of the body. If PD fall will become more frequent, then you should immediately consult a doctor and undergo an electrocardiogram. Increasing the PD can occur during exercise. Such jumps are for each person.

However, if the increase in PD becomes more frequent, it speaks about violations in the body:

• renal failure;
• Iron deficiency in the body;
• intracranial pressure;
• fever;
• ischemia.

Do not take medications for normalizing the blood pressure without a doctor determine the cause. This can exacerbate health.

pressure by weight Standards

Overweight people are at risk from blood pressure fluctuations. When excess weight, the human heart begins to work hard. Due to the increased load worsens blood flow in the vessels.

To determine the weight of the rules you can use the following formula: weight is divided by the square of height - (65: 1.7: 1.7 = 22.4). The norm is the result of 20-25. 25 - 35 indicates the presence of overweight, over 35 is considered obese already.

When an excess weight is not necessary to drain the body rigid diets. It is only necessary to reduce the consumption of fatty foods and a more active lifestyle, doing gymnastics, running, engage in fitness.

Reasons for the increase in blood pressure

The main causes of the disease:

1. Improper diet. May provoke an increase in pressure products, such as fat, canned food, smoked sausage, cheese. also strongly affect crackers, potato chips, hot dogs and burgers. Of fluid pressure can increase coffee, tea, strong drinks and sparkling water. This list is non-recommended products can not be completely excluded from the diet, however, you should try to reduce their daily intake.
2. kidney disease. When malfunction of kidneys, urination deteriorated. Poor hatchability fluid from the body leads to edema and increase blood pressure.
3. Side effects from taking drugs. Admission medications can cause changes in the human body. In particular, we can distinguish drugs for weight loss and loss of appetite. There are some medications that weaken the effects of drugs for the treatment of hypertension.
4. Back problems. Hypertension can start at a constant voltage of the spine. Work in a sitting position causes the spine to stretch the muscles and eye, which leads to increased blood pressure. At the age of 40, the voltage is held in the evening, but in the elderly, the body can not quickly restore fatigue, resulting in chronic hypertension may occur.
5. Impaired metabolism. When an excess of salt in the body there is swelling on the face. It deals damage to the vessels.

Can raise blood pressure are many factors that can be determined only with the help of special equipment. At any sign of disease, it is necessary to consult a specialist and undergo diagnosis for installation reasons and further treatment.

Causes Decompression

Pressure reduction may occur as a result of physical fatigue, stress and lack of sleep. For people with low blood pressure, it is strictly forbidden to enter and whirlpool bath, since at high temperature, the vessels dilate and the pressure decreases. Gipotonikam pressure reduction threatens stroke.

When taking some medications, side effects may be reduced blood pressure. Therefore, before applying them, be sure to familiarize yourself with contraindications. This phenomenon may occur during pregnancy. The reason is the change in blood flow in the circulatory system.

Internal or external bleeding due to trauma leads to a shortage in blood vessels, which leads to lowering of blood pressure. The pathology can occur with heart disease such as heart failure or poor performance of the heart valves.

Symptoms of AD deviation from the norm

Human pressure (normal for age listed above) can rise and fall depending on the activity. At constant physical exertion pressure is often elevated in the passive way of life - reduced. Initial symptoms usually appear weak blood pressure changes and the disease is almost impossible to calculate, if often not measure the pressure.

When pathology proceeds to the next step, the symptoms become more painful. When the muscle pain, swelling of the face and extremities, it is necessary to consult a specialist to resolve the emerging disease.

Is it dangerous high and low blood pressure?

Sudden pressure peaks are considered the mark of 200/150 critical condition and may trigger irreversible consequences. Pulse pressure is no less important than the blood pressure. If there is a large gap between them, it can lead to bleeding in the brain.

The sharp reduction conversely, accompanied by a lack of oxygen in the internal organs and the brain. This phenomenon contributes to the formation of stroke and paralysis.

When you need medical assistance?

Increasingly, people with chronic diseases of blood pressure, take medication prescribed by a specialist to increase or decrease the pressure, depending on the pathology.

But the situation can happen when there is an urgent need care physician:

• expert assistance will be needed after an abrupt pressure jump and inaction healing medicines;
• pain in the region of the heart;
• with numbness of the face or body;
• with numbness of the hands and pain in the shoulder joints;
• for fainting;
• at constant weakness and drowsiness;
• with hearing loss and vision.

If you experience the above symptoms, it is recommended to call an ambulance. The physician will measure the pressure and direct the passage of ECG. For a quick treatment of the patient is established bed rest and reception of medicines. In this specialist checks the parameters of pressure every 20 min. to keep track of their changes.

How to lower blood pressure?

Human pressure (normal for age described in the article) can be reduced with drugs prescribed by a physician.

There are several recommendations for the restoration of the norm AD:

• I need to lie down on the bed and relax, breathe deeply;
• take a cold shower or cold water to moisten your hands and feet;
• do morning or evening walk in the fresh air;
• moisten the towel, ironed and put on the neck;
• hot bath (vessels dilate during hot water).

It may be noted some recipes of traditional medicine:

1. In a glass of water add 1 hour. l. hawthorn and breed. The resulting mixture should be divided into three times, and drink in the morning, afternoon and evening.
2. Squeeze of fresh lemon juice and dilute with water. Drink a need for 1 time. This medicine can be taken one time a day.
3. Dry petals of carnations need to add water and boil. Next, we need to filter the broth and let stand for 2 days. Take 15 ml 3 times per day.

Each decoction or tincture have in their composition specific components that can act as agents and allergens. Therefore, before using the need to consult with a specialist.

Methods of improving BP

Alternatively, you can drink a cup of strong coffee. This method helps in a sharp decrease in pressure. Action short coffee. To increase blood pressure, it is possible to use products with a lot of salt in its composition. These include bacon, pickles, salted peanuts or pistachios.

A good method is considered to be a mixture of honey and cinnamon. In the cup of boiling water is added to 1 hour. l. cinnamon and 2 hours. l. honey. This recipe is considered a potent, so for a small raise blood pressure should eat a mixture for 1 hour. l. at a time.

Brandy and red wine as well raise the pressure. If you drink no more than one glass of wine per day, blood pressure will stay normal due to good blood circulation in the blood vessels. It is recommended to make a lifestyle more active. Jogging suit, do exercises and gymnastics. Change diet food to the one where the most iron (apple, buckwheat, liver, banana, pomegranate, pineapple and nuts).

Prevention of blood pressure surges

To prevent the spike in blood pressure, you need to quit smoking. Nicotine withdrawal gives a positive result within 3-4 months. Also important for the cardiovascular system plays a person's weight. When excess weight deteriorating blood circulation in the vessels. So you need to eat a healthy diet.

Frequent alcohol consumption increases blood pressure. It is not recommended to drink more than 40 ml of alcohol per day. Gymnastics and jogging improve circulation in the blood vessels and lead to normal blood pressure parameters. Should eat food with a minimal amount of salt. There are as many fruits and vegetables, drink milk, eat corn porridge.

More than 60% of the deaths occur due to heart attack and stroke. Hypertension and hypotension, fairly common disease, especially in the elderly. Undoubtedly, the hard work, and constant stress, lead to deviations from normal blood pressure. But do not ignore these diseases and carry out pressure measurements for the prevention of even a healthy person.

You can not abuse alcohol and fatty foods, and try to get rid of excess weight, to lead active life and more to be outdoors.

If you observe all of the above recommendations, a person is a balanced blood pressure. You need to become familiar with the rules of the table according to age, it will help to determine how much pressure is considered normal.

But do not forget that the diagnosis "hypertension" without medications can not do. Prevention of the disease is different from the disease, but drugs can be combined with the above recommendations for greater effect.

Author: Denis Balaykin

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