A thyroid-stimulating hormone( TTG) - a hormone produced in the human pituitary gland, the norm of which is necessary for the qualitative functioning of the body,( the gland of internal secretion), so it controls the entire work of the endocrine system in humans.
This exposure to the hormone( autoimmune antibodies to TSH receptors) can dramatically change the nature of its effect on the thyroid gland. With the help of them, the development of hormones such as T3, and also T4 begins. If their blood values in humans are increased, then there will be disruptions in normal work, both in organs and in the body as a whole. How to control the amount of secreted hormone TSH?As a rule, doctors control its level with such substance, as, a thyreoglobulin or by means of a thyreotropic agent.
Values
Receptors are definitely arranged nerve endings, which are characterized by interweaving with each other. They have very sensitive neurons, but they also have other diverse components of the intercellular substance. With their help, metamorphosis of various stimuli into the nerve impulse is carried out.
Receptors in the body a huge amount, it is the corresponding receptors of TTG that are able to react to similar hormones. They also contribute to stimulating their appearance in the human body, thus ensuring the correct and measured functioning of various body systems, the norm of which is necessary for the qualitative work of the organism.
Antibodies are specific types of proteins or glycoproteins, the purpose of which is the formation of appropriate compounds with certain types of molecules. It is such a device has any immune system of the human body. If there are failures, then the body urgently begins to produce antibodies to the TSH receptors.
Composition of antibodies
Thyroglobulin is a specific kind of protein in the human body that precedes and promotes the formation of appropriate hormones in the thyroid gland.
In the thyroid gland there is always formation, as well as the connection of certain spherical formations, namely follicles. They contain a certain viscous gel - thyroglobulin. Quite often in medical reference books one can find a more well-known name - a colloid.
In follicle formations, there are special lumens in which the necessary protein reserves are formed. If the body lacks hormones, then it extracts the necessary amount from the above reserves. The thyroglobulin in this process decomposes into two constituent parts. One contains a certain norm of tyrosine, and in the other - a certain amount of iodine atoms.
Thyreoglobulin forms in the course of its decomposition the most important hormone thyroid-thyroxine, the molecules of which enter directly into the human blood.
The thyroid-stimulating hormone is formed by the human pituitary gland, and is also responsible for stimulating the formation of all the corresponding thyroid hormones: thyroxine, triiodothyronine. He is also responsible in the body for the exchange of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. The thyroid-stimulating hormone is also responsible for the normal functioning of the reproductive system.
When it is necessary to make an assay for the determination of TSH in the blood
Usually, such an analysis is prescribed, if it is possible that the hormone rate in a patient is significantly increased or decreased. This can have a negative effect on the body. Doctors control its level with such substance, as, a thyreoglobulin or by means of a thyreotropic agent. There are several objective reasons for setting the amount of the hormone in a patient:
- When pregnant in women, when they are in the last trimester. Such a procedure, as a rule, is prescribed if a woman previously had any diseases associated with the thyroid gland. This is necessary to determine the level of the hormone in the blood in women, this study of the antibody to the TSH receptor helps the treating doctor to avoid developing a thyroid pathology in the child.
- Graves' disease is also a direct indication for the study of antibodies to TSH receptors. Due to the study of the analyzes, namely, how much the norm of attg will decrease, it can be concluded that the effect of treating a person is negative or positive.
- In cases of thyrotoxicosis. The hormone is determined to diagnose the cause of the disease, and then, based on the analysis of the antibody to the TSH receptors, to develop an appropriate treatment program. Hence, such treatment will be developed according to the individual program.
Recommendations
Antibodies to TSH receptors are studied by taking the patient's venous blood.
The main condition of this kind of analysis is to donate blood on an empty stomach, it is advisable to avoid meals for 8 to 12 hours before taking blood.
Before the analysis, it is recommended to drink non-carbonated water, and also to avoid drinking tea, coffee and smoking categorically.
If all these recommendations are not met, the result may not be accurate, which will not allow the appointment of the right treatment.
The decoding of this kind of analysis, as a rule, is one day. After receiving the results, it is necessary to consult with the attending physician-specialist( endocrinologist, immunologist or rheumatologist).
Antibody Rate in Pregnant Women
Pregnant women in the analysis of antibodies to TSH receptors can be placed in a separate category, because this kind of research is not assigned to all. Doctors recommend to carry out the procedure at all stages of pregnancy, because the child can not independently work the thyroid gland before birth. The level of the hormone in women can be increased if:
- underwent treatment, in which radioactive iodine was used,
- there is a possibility and possibility of hyperthyroidism development,
- acceptance of thyreostatic agents during treatment,
- , surgical intervention was applied that was associated with diffuse toxic goiter.
In addition to the blood test, other examinations can be prescribed, with the help of which the level of the corresponding hormones will be established. All these procedures can save the child from various diseases.
In the analysis, for antibodies to TSH receptors normal values in an average person should be in the range 0-1 Me / l, and in pregnant women 0.2-3.6 Me / l. It can also decrease and increase during pregnancy.
Explanation of
There is a certain norm of indicators, which is characteristic for testing for antibodies to TSH receptors. In this study, there may be different results:
- A negative result for the presence of antibodies in the blood. It is usually a value that is less than 1.6 Me / l.
- The average result for the presence of antibodies in the blood - the result should be in the interval between 1.6 Me / l and 1.80 Me / l.
- Positive result for the presence of antibodies in the blood - the result should be above 1.80 Me / l.
But it should be remembered that even in the presence of negative results it is impossible to categorically exclude the formation and development of thyroid diseases.
Elevated level of
The antibodies to TSH receptor antibodies in patients can be increased with several diseases. The most common among them:
- Graves' disease or DTZ - about 80% of thyroid problems end with this disease. With this disease symptoms are very poorly expressed - goiter is not very noticeable, hyperthyroidism and its signs are completely absent. Therefore, a negative result for the presence of antibodies is a kind of signal for the doctor, who should send his patient to further tests and examinations.
- Hyperthyroidism. The most frequent symptoms are irritability and anxiety in a person, often it is accompanied by malfunctions in the work of the cardiac muscle and uncaused tremor, there is a significant increase in body weight. A person experiences drowsiness, chills and weakness in the whole body.
As a rule, in the presence of such symptoms, the doctor prescribes tests to avoid further development of the disease.
Treatment of
If the antibodies to TSH receptors are elevated, according to the results of the study, in this case, the specialist must be engaged in the treatment process, without fail.
In the presence of the disease DTZ, as a rule, the therapy is carried out with drugs that contain thyroglobulin or thyreotropic drugs - most often used "Methylouracil" or "Mercazolil".
When antibodies are administered to the appropriate standard, it is very important to be observed by the doctor, and not to self-medicate.
Even if the antibody norm for TSH receptors is higher or equal to 1.75 Me / l, this is a weighty argument in favor of consulting a specialist who will be able to select an appropriate and individual treatment program. After all, the thyroid gland is responsible for the production of antibodies in the human body. A malfunction in its functioning can lead to the development of various diseases.
