Blood - one of the most important tissues, delivering nutrients and feed all the internal organs. In the case of injury clotting mechanism, which is responsible for platelets, it saves the body from excessive loss. Platelets can raise a variety of ways, the choice of which depends on how low their levels in the blood and reducing the causes.
The content of the article:
- 1 What are platelets, and their norm for the body
- 2 Reasons for increasing levels of platelets
- 3 Symptoms of a low platelet count
- 4 Diagnosis platelet count
- 5 Prevention lowering platelet count
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6 Methods of increasing the level of platelets
- 6.1 drug therapy
- 6.2 Traditional methods
- 6.3 Diet and nutrition products
- 6.4 Other methods
- 7 complications
- 8 Video of the reduced level of platelets in the blood and how to normalization
What are platelets, and their norm for the body
Platelets - blood elements, which are small irregular cells, oblate spheroid, perform the following tasks:
- closing a bleeding site;
- involved in blood clotting;
- stimulate regeneration of damaged tissues.
In the normal state, these small cells (2-4 microns in diameter). When damaged blood vessels, platelets when faced with something different from the fabric inner surface of blood vessels and heart, their activation. Cells appear spherical protuberances (10 pieces) they greatly increase in size.
These appendages are attached cells to other tissues and close a place of injury. The appearance of thick, and then completely dried, a blood crust on ripoffs knees - the result of the work of platelets. The same mechanism of blood coagulation - only active platelets in this case cling to each other.
After forming the stoppers, the cover injury, platelets begin to secrete growth factors that promote regeneration - accelerating division and growth of new cells. Platelet life cycle is an average of 10 days, after which the liver or lungs destroy it.
The number of platelets in the blood is determined in thousands per microliter of blood.
Normal values:
- an infant within two weeks after birth - 100-420 thousand / ml;
- in newborn babies up to a year - 150-350 thousand / ml;
- a child up to 12 years - 180-390 thousand / ml;
- women - 150-380 thousand / ml;
- men - 180-400 thousand / ml.
During pregnancy or menses rate reduced to 130-400 thousand / ml and 75-220 thousand / ml respectively.
Reasons for increasing levels of platelets
For serious injuries, bleeding increase the platelet count in the blood are absolutely normal. The human body is intelligent and focused on survival in any conditions. In the case of a large loss of blood marrow rebuilt the increased production of platelets promote clotting at the wound site, decreased bleeding and speedy healing of her.
In other cases, high levels of blood platelets - thrombocytosis risk factors (blood clots). Due to the fact that the body produces too many platelets in the case of minor injuries or simply over-voltage, when activated form clots that can clog blood vessels.
Thrombocytosis is primary and secondary. Primary thrombocytosis or thrombocythemia is caused by congenital disorders of the hematopoietic system and bone marrow. The disease often proceeds hidden. Secondary thrombocytosis associated with injuries and diseases.
In children, it is:
- myelogenous leukemia;
- anemia, iron deficiency;
- toxoplasmosis;
- liver disease;
- parasites, fungi;
- infections (meningitis, encephalitis, pneumonia).
In adults:
- tumors (neuroblastoma, hepatoblastoma and others);
- rheumatoid arthritis;
- anemia, iron deficiency;
- sarcoidosis;
- reception antimitotics, corticosteroids and other medications;
- infectious diseases.
Also experiencing increasing levels after surgery and transferred poisoning.
Symptoms of a low platelet count
Thrombocytopenia - low platelet count in the blood. The disease manifests itself weakly. Most patients may not know that they have broken the process of hematopoiesis.
Symptoms of a low platelet count:
- hematoma arising as a reason;
- nosebleeds for no apparent injuries;
- bleeding gums;
- heavy menstruation in women;
- sometimes bruising that look like a rash;
- blood in the stool or urine;
- difficulty in healing of minor wounds and even severe bleeding from minor injuries.
These relatively subtle symptoms are often overlooked and people do not always time to go to the doctor with this problem. To reduce the chance of missing the disease, the symptoms need to be considered in conjunction with the possible causes of thrombocytopenia.
Causes of low platelet count in adults:
- herpes virus;
- liver disease;
- immunodeficiency of all kinds;
- infectious, viral or bacterial respiratory diseases;
- lupus and other autoimmune diseases;
- thyroid disease;
- abuse aspirin or other blood thinning medicines;
- alcoholism.
In children, in addition to infectious diseases, diseases of the thyroid gland causes low levels of platelets in the blood include vitamin deficiencies, allergies and anemia. If a person has manifested some symptoms of low levels of platelets in the blood, and he was there or provocation of a number of reasons, it is necessary to carry out the diagnosis on the blood platelet count.
Diagnosis platelet count
For the diagnosis of blood platelets carried out such analyzes:
- General blood analysis. Simplest and most common method of blood testing. Assigned to all patients when visiting a doctor as part of a general survey. Shows the number of leukocytes, erythrocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, platelet count and hemoglobin. The analysis is performed in the morning on an empty stomach by taking blood from the finger. It is advisable to give up fatty foods and drinking alcohol, do not take drugs.
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Blood chemistry. Extended method. It shows proteins, glucose, minerals (calcium, chromium, iron, etc.), enzymes and other blood elements. Appointed on the grounds. Is carried out in special laboratories by taking blood from a vein on an empty stomach, most often in the morning. It requires early dinner at the previous day before delivery. To obtain objective results it is necessary to give up fried, fatty foods, coffee, alcohol, hot and spicy for a few days before giving blood.
- Study on the Lee-White. Assay for coagulation, which determines the formation of a blood clot. Assigned pregnant women, as well as to people with liver disease, patients before and after surgery, and when indicated. Carried out on an empty stomach in the morning by taking blood from a vein. Required preliminary rejection of alcohol and alcoholic beverages (coffee, tea). Blood sampling after placed in a glass tube and a silicone (temperature is maintained at 37 degrees), and then determines the time for which it is curled. Normally - about 6 minutes for the glass tube, approximately 23 minutes for the silicone.
- Analysis by Sukharev. Also characterizes clotting. Conducted by fasting blood sampling from the finger. Also it requires non-alcoholic drinks, tea, coffee. Blood sampling is performed a special tube (capillary Panchekova). Stopwatch every 30 seconds changing the position of the tube, from horizontal to vertical and vice versa, to complete immobility blood. Norm - about 4 minutes.
Prevention lowering platelet count
The basic rules of the low levels of platelets in the blood of prevention:
- restful sleep not less than 8 hours;
- abandonment of physical overload and at work, and within the athletic training;
- preference is to give mental work;
- use a sufficient amount of water (at least 2 liters);
- the rejection of excessive consumption of garlic, cherry, lemon, ginger and onion;
- proper nutrition with consumption of red meat, buckwheat, eggs, fish, citrus and greens;
- exclusion from the diet of fried, greasy, spicy, smoked;
- refusal of alcoholic beverages and tobacco;
- reducing the consumption of sugar;
- reception "aspirin" or "Analgin" only when absolutely necessary;
- multivitamin with a deficiency of iron and other trace elements;
- the passage of preventive medical check-ups at least 1 time per year.
Methods of increasing the level of platelets
Raise the platelets in the blood can help with both drugs and non-traditional methods.
drug therapy
How to increase the platelets in the blood with the help of medication, examining tests will tell a specialist hematologist.
Usually, doctors recommend the use of the following drugs:
- "Prednisolone". The preparation of adrenal hormones, which stimulates the bone marrow to work. Appointed mainly after chemotherapy. How to use: inside, in the morning, along with a meal or after it. Adults - 15-60 mg per day. Children 6 years - 1-2 mg per day per 1 kg of weight. Course: until recovery.
- "Vikasol". Synthetic analogue of vitamin K improves the process of blood clotting. It prevents the development of internal bleeding. Method of application: inwards two techniques together with a meal or after it. Adults - 15-30 mg per day. Children under 2 years - 5 mg per day and then to 15 years based 1-1,5mg 1 year of age. Course: until recovery.
- "Etamsylate". It prevents bleeding by increasing the production of platelets and their artificial activation. Dosing: intramuscularly, three or four injections. Adults - 10-20 mg per day per 1 kg of weight. Children - 10.5 mg per day per 1 kg of weight. Course: as needed.
- "Sodekor". Tincture roots elecampane, sea buckthorn, licorice root and other plants, improves hematopoiesis. How to use: inside, three receptions, before a meal. Adults - 1 tablespoon on a glass of water for 1 admission. Course: 3-4 weeks.
- "Revoleyd". The preparation of thrombopoietin, which stimulates the bone marrow to work on development of platelets. It is used only under medical supervision. Dosing: inwards and not previously not later than 4 hours after intake of dairy products and mineral supplements. Adults - 25 mg per day. Course: 1-2 weeks.
- "Dicynone". Hemostatic contributing to increase platelet production. It is used in extensive bleeding and before surgery. How to use: inside, three times a day during or after a meal. Adults - 1000-1500 mg per day. Course: as needed.
These drugs are used only after consulting a physician. Dosages vary depending on the levels of platelets in the blood.
Traditional methods
How to raise blood platelets, traditional healers searched for centuries to drugs invention.
As a result of these searches have developed popular recipes:
- Beet juice. Properties: improves the process of hematopoiesis, increases blood clotting. Juice recipe: raw beets finely grate, fill with sugar and leave overnight. In the morning squeeze and drink 50 grams each day. Method of application: inwards on an empty stomach. Course: 3 months.
- Sesame oil. Properties: increases the number of platelets in the blood, helps stop bleeding, promote clotting. How to use: inside, before meals three times a day. Adults - 1 tablespoon at one time. Children - 1 tsp at one time. You can add sesame seeds in cooking. The course is 1 month.
- Tincture of Sophora japonica. Properties: contains rutin, reinforcing the vessel walls, improves blood clotting. Recipe tincture: buds of the plants placed in a 70% alcohol from calculation of 100 grams per 500 ml. Infuse for two weeks. How to use: Inside, after a meal. Adults - 20-40 drops mixed with 1 tablespoon of water at a time. Children - 10-20 drops of tincture with 1 tbsp of water at a time. Course: until recovery.
- Juice of nettle. Properties: contains vitamins C and K, increases levels of hemoglobin, increases in blood platelets, rapid healing of wounds. Recipe: Fresh stems squeeze in any way. Juice need to take only freshly form. How to use: inside, three times a day before meals. Adults - 50ml mixed with 50 ml of milk at one time. The course: two weeks.
- Infusion of Verbena officinalis. Properties: regulates the level of platelets, treating anemia, relieves haemorrhagic rash. Recipe tincture: 1 tsp verbena pour cup of boiling water, the resulting mixture hybrids in a warm place and to press for 20 minutes, after cooling - strain. How to use: inside, small meals throughout the day. Adults - 1 cup per day. The course is 1 month.
- Decoction of walnut shells. Properties: increases clotting, reduces bleeding. Recipe broth: 1 cup shell (membrane) to fill two cups of boiling water, cooking for 20 minutes, after cooling - strain. Method of application: inwards, three times a day. Adults - 1 tablespoon at one time. Course: two to three weeks.
Traditional recipes are effective in raising the level of platelets and are safe, they can be combined with each other, but before you start any course you must agree its use with your doctor.
Diet and nutrition products
How to increase the platelets in the blood of the most easy and secure way, can recommend a good dietitian or nutritionist, because in simple cases, this is enough to change the diet. Diet for improving clotting should include foods containing vitamin B12, C, D, K, folic acid and iron.
| elements | properties | daily rate | Products they rich |
| cyanocobalamin | Stimulates platelet production | 2.4 mcg | egg yolks Beef, veal Marine fish and seafood Soy milk Cottage cheese and other dairy products |
| vitamin K | It helps to improve bone marrow | For men - 120 mg, women - 90 micrograms | Parsley Spinach Basil cilantro Kiwi Broccoli |
| Folic acid | It prevents anemia, improves blood clotting | And above 400 mg | Yeast Spinach Liver Walnuts and peanuts Buckwheat Citrus |
| Vitamin C | Strengthens the immune system, participates in the development of platelets | Adults - 60mkg children - 45 mg | briar Sea buckthorn Currant Strawberry Citrus Pepper |
| vitamin D | It participates in the formation of bone and nerve tissue and muscles | 15 mcg | Fresh orange juice Herring and other fatty fish egg yolks Fish fat Butter mushrooms |
| Iron | It affects the process of hematopoiesis, provides a normal level of hemoglobin | For men - 10 mg, women - 20-30 mg | oysters Liver Pumpkin seeds beans lentil Spinach bitter chocolate |
The inclusion of these products in the daily diet helps to accelerate blood coagulation, platelet increase the level and improve the circulatory system. It is important to remain diverse diet - eat them standing in reasonable quantities and along with other food.
Other methods
How to increase the platelets in the blood, if all else fails, it may prompt the surgeon.
Sometimes, in this case, resorted to extreme measures:
- platelet transfusion;
- plasmapheresis;
- removal of the spleen.
Platelet transfusion is an introduction into the circulatory system of the human platelet concentrate obtained from donors. This method is recommended in case of severe thrombocytopenia (platelet count of less than 50 thousand / ml) with signs of hemorrhagic syndrome - unreasonable bleeding of mucous and skin.
To prepare a single dose of platelet concentrate required 450 ml of blood. Pre-blood is tested for compatibility with the recipient of the group, Rh factor and other parameters. In this case, more efficient use of transfused blood is a close relative, as the flow of incompatible platelets from different donors make futile procedure.
Within 1 hour after transfusion platelet count rises up to 50-60 thousand / ml.
Plasmapheresis is a blood from a patient and isolating it from the plasma. After the plasma is filtered and returned back into the circulatory system of the person. Sometimes practiced transfusion of plasma, in which the plasma is replaced with the donor.
This method removes antibodies from the plasma of negatively affecting the work of the circulatory system, ie krvoetvoreniya restart the process. Procedure regulated and performed only when necessary.
The last method of treatment low levels of platelets - removal of the spleen. until the end of the medicine is not examined the function of the body, but it is known that among other things, it accumulates a large amount of old platelets up to 30% of all platelets in humans.
According to some assumptions, he carries out the hormonal regulation of bone marrow. Established fact that the surgical removal of the spleen in 7 of 10 cases leads to an increase in the number of platelets in the blood, but this effect is not always constant.
Over time, the platelet count may drop again. Also there is a possibility of thrombocytosis. This is an extreme measure, which is only used, if you tried all methods of treatment Thrombocytopenia is characterized by a severe form of leakage.
complications
In the event of thrombocytopenia advanced forms occur following complications:
- excessive blood loss in case of damage, from which a person in the event of a severe form of the disease risk of dying if there is no possibility to organize a blood transfusion;
- occurrence of internal bleeding, leading to death at untimely detected;
- blurred vision due to blood entering the retina of the eye;
- sudden cerebral hemorrhage, resulting in half of the cases to death.
Quickly raise blood platelets in the blood can be both medicine and herbs and infusions, a change in diet or other methods. It is important to remember that this disease is fraught with serious complications and require mandatory treatment.
Video of the reduced level of platelets in the blood and how to normalization
Why lowered platelets, and what to do:
5 folk methods for increasing platelet:
