When skin eruptions caused by hitting the allergen into the body with food or pollen, doctors recommend the use of tablets from allergies. The pharmaceutical market offers a variety of products with different active substance, cost and efficiency.
The content of the article:
- 1 Effective antihistamines
- 2 First generation
- 3 second generation
- 4 third generation
- 5 Hormones from allergies to skin
- 6 Tablets that do not cause drowsiness
- 7 Cheap anti-allergy pills
- 8 Best for kids
- 9 The tablets are allowed during pregnancy
- 10 Videos about antihistamines
Effective antihistamines
Antihistamines - the most popular type of medication allergies. Their main effect is to suppress histamine, which causes redness, itching or burning of the epidermis. Antihistamines are considered safe, so are dispensed in pharmacies without a prescription, have expressed adverse events, allowed for the treatment of adults and children.
Medicines antihistamine action can be divided into 3 groups:
- First generation - act fast, but short-lived, so they take up to 3 p / day. Have a calming effect, not recommended for drivers, people skills requires more attention to the work. Medicines of this group are effective, if the allergy is accompanied by anxiety, sleep disorders, irritability.
- second generation - operate in an hour after administration and during the day, so it suffices to 1 tab. in a day. No adverse effects on concentration, characterized by a slight sedative effect.
- third generation - Action 1 tab. enough for a day or even two days, do not affect the nervous system, so allowed people of all professions.
First generation
1. suprastin - active ingredient - Chloropyramine hydrochloride, suppresses histamine receptors, the therapeutic effect develops within 15 minutes after taking the drug.
Drugs in tablets prescribed by allergy symptoms if the following conditions are present on the skin:
- hives;
- atopic or contact dermatitis;
- adverse reaction to insect bites;
- food or drug allergies.
The dosage regimen: 1 tab. (25 mg) 3-4 p / day (adult); ½ tab. 2 r / day (children from 3 to 6 years), 3.2 p / day (6 to 14 years).
The price of the drug - 120 rubles. (20pcs.).
2. tavegil - the main component - clemastine fumarate, with a strong antihistamine and antipruritic influence, begins to act quickly enough to provide a therapeutic effect for 12 hours.
Indications:
- hives;
- various types of dermatitis;
- insect bites;
- eczema;
- drug allergy.
The dosage regimen: 1 tab. (1 mg) of p 2 / day (12 years); ½ tab. 2 p / day (from 6 to 12 years). Washed down with enough liquid medicament before meals.
Tavegil price - 150 rubles. (10 pieces.).
3. diazolin - base material - mebhydrolin napadzilat - blocker gistaminnovyh receptors, relieves itching, swelling, anxiety.
testimony:
- hives;
- eczema;
- insect bites;
- itchy skin.
The dosage regimen: 1 tab. (100 mg) 3 p / day (10 years); 1 tab. 1-2 p / day (5 years); ½-1 tab. 1 r / d (2 years).
the first-generation drugs are not recommended for expectant and nursing mothers, newborns; in the presence of asthma, hypersensitive individual basic substance.
Among the adverse events observed include drowsiness, fatigue, dry mouth, disturbances of the gastrointestinal tract, lowering blood pressure, impaired urinary system.
second generation
1. Claritin (Klaridol) - an active element - loratadine. It is a potent antihistamine medication, characterized by a rapid and long-term impact. No negative effect on the nervous system, does not suppress the psychomotor reactions.
Tablets from allergies on the skin to help in the following cases:
- skin allergies of various etiology;
- chronic urticaria.
The course of therapy: 1 tab. (10 mg) 1 p / day (12 years); ½ tab. 1 r / day if body weight less than 30 kg, 1 tab. 1 r / d, with a weight of over 30 kg, (from 3 to 12 years).
Contraindications:
- age up to 3 years;
- waiting for the baby or lactation;
- liver health;
- personal intolerance.
Please note that there is a part of lactose, so you need to take the medication with caution patient having hereditary diseases associated with lactase deficiency or intolerances galactose.
Negative symptoms (there are quite rare): headache, fatigue, dry mouth, liver dysfunction, tachycardia.
Claritin cost - 250 rubles. (10 pcs.), Klaridola - 200 rubles. (10 pieces.).
2. Zodak (Tsetrin, Zyrtec) - active ingredient - cetirizine dihydrochloride - histamine antagonist, suppresses it, does not develop late allergic reactions. Relieves itching, swelling, it has a sedative effect.
Indications:
- urticaria, including chronic;
- dermatitis, causing itching.
The course of therapy: 1 tab. (10 mg) 1 p / day (6 years). Washed down with a small amount of liquid medication, do not chew tablet.
Contraindications:
- up to 6 years;
- feeding or pregnant;
- renal failure (including chronic);
- sensitivity to the base material.
Adverse effects: strengthening of the epidermis allergies, dizziness, malfunction of the gastrointestinal tract and urinary tract, tachycardia.
The cost of drugs based on cetirizine:
- Zodak - 140 rubles. (10 pieces.);
- Tsetrin - 180 rubles. (20 pcs.);
- Zyrtec - 180 rubles. (7 pcs.).
third generation
1. Aerius - the main element - desloratadine - peripheral histamine blocker. Characterized antipruritic, anti-impact, no negative influence on psychomotor reactions does not cause drowsiness.
Indications: all kinds of urticaria, including chronic form of the disease.
appointment1 Tab. (5 mg) 1p / day (12), preferably at the same time with a small amount of liquid.
The price of the drug - 650 rubles. (10 pieces.).
2. Telfast - the main component - fexofenadine hydrochloride, characterized by a strong antihistaminic effect, thus does not affect the concentration, does not cause drowsiness.
Indications: symptomatic treatment of chronic urticaria.
Purpose: 1 tab. (120/180 mg) per day. Allowed the drug to 12 years. Not recommended for pregnant and lactating women.
Telfast price - 400 rubles. (120 mg), 800 rubles. (180 mg) of the blister.
third-generation drugs are not recommended in children, while waiting for the child or feeding, in patients with renal insufficiency, individual sensitivity to the chassis.
Among the adverse events observed: fatigue, dizziness, headache, tachycardia.
Hormones from allergies to skin
Hormonal tablets from allergies, with the defeat of the skin, is prescribed in the case where there is a danger Development of internal organs edema, respiratory tract, or at a negative result of the treatment drugs other group.
Indications:
- Urticaria, especially in the face and neck;
- various types of dermatitis;
- insect bites;
- allergic reactions to medicines or food;
- eczema.
| A drug | Active substance | The dosage regimen | Price |
| prednisolone | Prednisone (5 mg) | The amount of drug is assigned a doctor and can be from 5 to 60 mg. Take medicine after eating 1 p / day, preferably at the same time | 100 rubles. (100 pieces.) |
| metipred | Methylprednisolone (4 mg / 16 mg) | Initial dosage of medicament may be from 4 to 48 mg. Take all the daily dose once, at one and the same time | 180 rubles. (30 pcs.) |
| dexamethasone | Dexamethasone (500 micrograms) | Starting dose - 0,5-9 mg. Acceptance may be divided into 2-4 times a day | 50 rubles. (10 pieces.) |
Note that steroids can not be abruptly canceled. After achieving the desired therapeutic effect, reduce dosage gradually.
Contraindications:
- fungal organism;
- viral infection;
- diabetes;
- stomach / kidney disease;
- waiting for the baby or lactation;
- under the age of 5 years;
- personal intolerance substances.
Undesirable effects:
- general deterioration of health;
- weakened immunity;
- nausea, vomiting;
- dizziness;
- increased sweating.
Medicines of this group are assigned only by the attending physician, dispensed in a pharmacy in his recipe.
Tablets that do not cause drowsiness
Pharmaceuticals keeps pace with the times and create products that do not violate the rhythm of human life. second and third generation antihistamines do not cause drowsiness, no adverse effects on psychomotor reaction, not hinder concentration.
The mechanism of action of these drugs have the same: relieve itching, swelling, redness of the epidermis inhibit allergic reactions, prevent their re-emergence.
Tablets from allergies on the skin that do not cause sedation:
-
Lomilan - on the basis of loratadine, additional components - polysorbate and aroma of wild cherry. Price - 140 rubles.
- LoraGeksal - the basis of loratadine, adjuvants - silicon, magnesium, maize starch. Cost - 60 rubles.
- Rupafin - based rupatadina, with the addition of cellulose, lactose and magnesium. Price - 350 rubles.
- Feksadin - on the basis of fexofenadine hydrochloride 120 or 180 mg. Cost - 330 rubles.
- Feksofast - the basis of fexofenadine 120 or 180 mg. Price - 300 rubles.
- Deza - the basis of desloratadine, additional substances - cellulose, corn starch, magnesium. Cost - 220 rubles.
Purpose: 1 tab. a day, drinking a small amount of liquid. Means begin to operate within an hour after administration, the duration of the therapeutic effect - up to 24 hours.
Cheap anti-allergy pills
| Medicament | Act | Therapy | side effects | Price |
| cetirizine | Rapid elimination of allergy symptoms - itching, swelling, redness, | 1 tab. a day from the age of six and weighing more than 30 kg | Rare: dry mouth, dizziness, somnolence, increased allergic reactions | 50 rubles. (10 pcs.), 80 rubles. (20 pcs.) |
| loratadine | Characterized decongestant, antihistamine and antipruritic effect | 1 tab. (10 mg) per day to twelve years of age and weighing over 30 kg. According to ½ tab. (5 mg) per day to two years of age and weighing less than 30 kg |
Rare: dry mouth, nausea, headache, tachycardia | 50 rubles. (10 pieces.) |
| Diphenhydramine | Has antihistaminic activity, relieves symptoms of urticaria, pruritic dermatoses | Adults take 1 tablet. (50 mg) 1-3 p / day. Children under one year - 2 mg, 2 years - 5 mg, after 6 years - 15 mg | Drowsiness, decreased attention coordination. Rare: headache, dry mouth, nausea | 60 rubles. (10 pieces.) |
| Aleron | Soft but effective means for blocking the histamine receptors and a second warning their release | 1 tab. a day (from 6 years). In acute disease course - 2 tablets. per day. | Dizziness, weakness, insomnia, tachycardia | 50 rubles. (7 pcs.), 80 rubles. (10 pieces.) |
Best for kids
In infancy, children are allowed to prescribe antihistamine medication in the form of drops. They are easy to dose, have virtually no contraindications and side effects.
The best among them are:
-
Zyrtec -. Permitted to 6 months, daily dose is 2.5 mg (5 kap.), From the year daily rate increases to 5 mg (10 Cap.) Divided into two stages. C 2 s - 1 p 5 mg / day, 7 years recommended oral form - for ½ tab. 1 r / day. The cost drops - 350 rubles.
- fenistil -. Permitted to 1 month, the daily dose of medicament is calculated based on the child's body weight - 2 cap. 1 kg weight. The resulting dosage to be divided into 3 doses. From 12 years - 20 drops. 3 r / day or 1 p 1 capsule / day. The cost drops - 380 rubles.
- Zodak - is allowed to 6 months, daily dose -. 2.5 mg (. 5 cap) 1 p / day, from one year to six years - 2.5 mg of 2 r / day over 6 years - 5 mg (10 cap .) 2 r / day.
Many tablets from an allergy of the skin allowed to children with two years of age, the daily dose in this case is 0.5.: Table
- suprastin;
- diazolin;
- loratadine;
- Claritin;
- Diphenhydramine.
They not only eliminate the symptoms of allergic reactions, but also have a calming effect, therefore, the latter method is recommended to do at night.
Children in severe forms of the disease can be prescribed hormonal medication - prednisolone. The course of therapy: 1.2 mg per kg body weight, duration - not more than 5 days.
Also, allergies to children recommended sorbents included in therapy in combination with other anti-allergy medications for faster removal symptoms of the disease:
-
Calcium gluconate - allowed for children from age 3 - 1 mg 3 / day, 5 years, the dosage may be increased to 0.5 mg. blisters cost - 10 rubles.
- Activated carbon - resolved 3 months. - 0.05 g per kg body weight 3 r / day. The average price - 5 rubles.
- polisorb - powder for reconstituted suspension allowed children to year. Dosage is calculated on the basis of body weight: 10 kg - 0.5 hours. l. 30-50 mL of liquid and 20 kg - 1 hr. l. 30-50 ml, and 30 kg - 1 teaspoon of 50-70 ml, and 40 kg - 2 hours. l. 70-100 ml. Cost - 120 rubles.
The tablets are allowed during pregnancy
The waiting period for the child's doctors do not recommend to use any medications, including including antihistamines, especially in the first three months, when there is a formation of all organs fetus.
However, many time-tested drugs are prescribed to expectant mothers, pregnancy, which is in the 2 or 3 phase.
The safest are the following medications:
- suprastin;
- diazolin;
- loratadine;
- Claritin;
- Feksadin.
Resolved during this period and Fenistil as a safe drug for babies.
Expectant mothers can be used as a gel or a drop. The first thin layer is applied to the affected area of the epidermis to 3 p / day; second dosage - 20-40 cap 3 p / day.
Adverse symptoms fenistil:
- often - fatigue, anxiety;
- rarely - headache, dizziness, gastrointestinal disorders, dry mouth.
Safe and effective in the fight against allergies and vitamins are considered:
- B12 - administered at different dermatosis, urticaria;
- Pantothenic Acid - relieves allergic reactions to house dust;
- nicotinamide - is an effective blocker of histamine.
Please note that all drugs have adverse reactions, so do not risk the health of the unborn child, and it is necessary to consult with a specialist.
The pharmacological market offers a range of tablets from allergies arising on the skin. When choosing the right medication is worth a detailed instruction that impact and price category.
Registration of the article: Mila Friedan
Videos about antihistamines
Which antihistamines are effective in the treatment of allergies:
