High blood pressure during pregnancy occurs frequently and has various manifestations. We can not ignore the signs of pathology, as may be harmed expectant mother and child health.
Pregnancy in hypertension
Pregnancy and high blood pressure for doctors are of the danger signal. Since childbearing is a physiological state, there is a change in hormonal levels, fetal nutrition has created 1 circulation.
If before pregnancy problems with blood pressure in women was not, they may arise during the childbearing. Increased pressure on the heart of the expectant mother is associated with an additional circulation.
Pregnancy hypertension is not a contraindication, even if a woman has to constantly apply antihypertensives. But it is necessary to take into account that some of the medication drugs can adversely affect the pregnancy in gestation period, so they need to be replaced in preparation for conception.
Pregnancy hypertension and require careful attention. Statistically, such a diagnosis causes of preterm labor frequently by 20% in comparison with the other cases.
Pregnancy and hypertension require treatment measures in the hospital, because the process has a negative effect on the fetus.
Normal values and deviations
About 50% of expectant mothers are faced with problems related to pressure. Considered optimal blood pressure of 120/80 mm Hg. Art., but figures may vary slightly during the childbearing.
The norm is considered to be indicators that do not exceed 135/85 mm Hg. Art. (At a pressure no threat to the future health of the mother or fetus).
For women suffering from low blood pressure, reduced border, and normal values are considered to be 90/60 mm Hg. Art.
It is recommended to continuously monitor and record pressure readings tonometer weekly. During periodic increase is necessary to measure it daily.
High blood pressure is considered to increase the tonometer indicators over 140/90 mm Hg. Art. If such indications are noted only once, no reason for concern. However, the detection of valid values increase 2 times in succession require additional diagnostics.
Why the pressure rises
Already in the II trimester there is an increase in blood volume in women, but the blood stream remains unchanged. It causes headaches, tinnitus, feeling of heaviness in the legs.
Improve the performance of BP in the period of gestation is facilitated by:
- overweight;
- bad habits;
- available internal diseases in the chronic form, accompanied by an increase in blood pressure;
- genetic predisposition;
- lack of exercise;
- violation of adrenal activity;
- frequent stress, nervous stress;
- diabetes;
- hypertension (in the absence of pathology of the internal organs, endocrine system).
If pressure builds up in the early stages of gestation, discomfort arises an adverse effect on the health of the unborn child.
Increased pressure during early pregnancy are often observed, ie. K. Hormonal changes affect the organism, t. H. on the cardiovascular system.
Hypertension in pregnancy is a primary disease or is symptomatic when developing with diseases of other organs.
Increasing pressure indicators during the later stages of pregnancy leads to increased risk of severe disease (preeclampsia).
Signs and symptoms increase
Normally, during the childbearing blood pressure during the first 2 trimesters and decreases only in the third trimester of pregnancy comes back to the usual indicators.
High blood pressure in pregnancy may be associated with the addition of swelling, protein in the urine. The following symptoms may occur:
- headache;
- dizziness;
- fatigue;
- tachycardia;
- heart palpitations;
- sleep disturbance;
- pain in the lumbar region;
- feeling cold extremities;
- dyspnea;
- pain in the chest area;
- increased sweating;
- fast fatiguability;
- ringing or noise in the ears;
- increased anxiety;
- blurred vision (blurred, flickering flies in front of the eyes);
- feeling of crawling "chills";
- nosebleeds.
Less commonly, there is a feeling of thirst, frequent urination at night. Hypertension in pregnancy in most cases there is at 26-30 weeks; It becomes cause an increase in cardiac output.
How to lower blood pressure and treat disease
Hypertension during pregnancy necessarily require treatment. Seek medical care necessary when the first signs of increased blood pressure. Following the discovery of the causes of the increase in rates of blood pressure, you should immediately start treatment.
If the cause of hypertension during pregnancy were the existing chronic diseases (heart disease, or kidney), except a gynecologist will require the intervention of a cardiologist, nephrologist.
If the violations are related to improper functioning of the thyroid gland, in the appointment of treatment need to consult an endocrinologist.
To reduce the pressure in pregnancy, require a complex therapy, including the use of medication and alternative methods, the use of which helps to reduce blood pressure.
General recommendations
Recommendations that can be used to reduce pressure during pregnancy, the doctor can give only. Do not take medications on their own, ie. A. They can cause harm to the fetus.
First, you need to adjust the way of life, the right to organize a physical activity, adhere to proper nutrition, give up bad habits and only then take pharmaceuticals.
To reduce blood pressure during gestation doctor selects medicaments optimal dosage and treatment regimen. If you can do without medication use:
- diet;
- yoga;
- recipes of traditional medicine.
It is necessary to monitor the weight gain to prevent excessive weight gain; need to:
- limit in the amount of fat diet (day - 40 g);
- reduce the amount of carbohydrates (sweets, refined foods, sugar);
- eat fractional (small, frequent meals).
My daily routine and nutrition
Treatment of hypertension in pregnancy starts with the mode of correction for and diet. Blood pressure in a pregnant woman may rise as a result of fluid retention.
It should limit salt (up to 1 hour. l. per day), to enter into the diet of potassium-rich foods (raisins, apricots, bananas, baked potatoes).
When properly organized diet of it exclude products that can adversely affect the cardiovascular system. products are prohibited:
- strong tea, coffee;
- chocolate;
- butter;
- meat fat varieties;
- sweets;
- meat products;
- canned food;
- cheeses;
- fried, smoked, salted dishes.
Dishes that can be included in the diet for pregnant women with hypertension:
- soups, vegetables, cereals;
- cereal (oats, buckwheat, rice, millet);
- seafood, lean fish;
- vegetables (cabbage, eggplant, potatoes, zucchini, peppers);
- meat and poultry low-fat varieties;
- berries, fruits (in m. h. dried fruits);
- low-fat dairy products;
- fruit drinks, green tea (strong), fruit drinks, mineral water.
Reduce pressure during pregnancy only with the power impossible. Nevertheless, good performance can help reduce blood pressure:
- fresh berries, fruit drinks cranberry or cranberry;
- vegetables (cabbage, beets, pumpkin, carrots;
- fruit (any).
To normalize high blood pressure, you need to adjust the day mode:
- sleep at least 9 hours at night and 1:00 in the afternoon;
- eliminate stressful situations;
- refuse to perform heavy physical exertion;
- to walk outside;
- control the increase in body weight;
- to refuse from bad habits.
folk ways
There are numerous methods of alternative medicine, which helps reduce the pressure in a pregnant woman. In most cases, it is recommended to use the medicinal plants.
Recipes to effectively reduce rates of blood pressure in pregnant women:
- Mousse cranberry. Pre berries (1/3 cup) is washed, squeezed juice, the remaining mass is poured boiling water (250 ml). Put on fire, boil for 5 minutes. Add sugar (3 tbsp. l.) and semolina (1 tbsp. l.), boiled 15 minutes with constant stirring. Remove from heat, after cooling whisk blender, add the chilled juice.
- Mix equal parts of chamomile flowers, St. John's wort, birch buds, leaves of wild strawberry, everlasting. The resulting collection (2 tbsp. l.) is poured boiling water (500 ml). Infused over 2 hours daily drinking 3 times with 70 ml. The course lasts 2-3 weeks.
- Mix equal parts of hawthorn, wild rose, viburnum, motherwort herb, linden flowers and marigold, shoots of heather and blueberries, crushed. A mixture of (2 tbsp. l.) is poured boiling water (2.1 L) was put in a water bath, maintained for 15 minutes. Filtered, drink every day three times with 100 ml. Course duration is not less than 1 month.
- You can make a drink made from cranberries. Mixed with cranberry juice and honey in a 1: 1 ratio. Is inside 3 times daily for 1 hour. l.
- Squeeze the juice (1 hr. l.) of aloe leaves, add water (1/4 cup). Drink every day before meals.
You can also do the following:
- For half an hour is applied to the calves heating pad filled with hot water. Repeat the procedure can be for a day 2-3 times.
- Mix vinegar (9%) and water in equal parts. Dipped in a solution of socks, put on his feet, the top covered with a film and something warm. Leave the compress on for several hours.
Before you can use of traditional medicine in the case of hypertension in pregnancy should consult a doctor to rule out possible contraindications.
medicines
If a woman has been found hypertension and pregnancy, treatment should be started immediately. A slight increase in blood pressure indicators can be normalized with help of herbal remedies (valerian, motherwort, peppermint, etc.).
At high pressure, which occurs frequently, you should take medication drugs. Because it's important not to cause harm to the fetus and in 1 trimester of treatment for lowering blood pressure is not carried out.
When prescribing for the normalization of blood pressure is necessary to choose the means that even with a long reception has no adverse effects on the fetus.
If the state of the expectant mother satisfactory, prescribe mild sedatives (motherwort, valerian, diuretics). If no result is used Papazol or dopegit rate at 10 days.
In the future, we recommend taking Magne B6, Magnerot (Vol. k. Magnesium deficiency often in the body causes a pressure increase for pregnant indicators). Only when the blood pressure readings of 140/90 mm Hg. Art. you can take the tablets on the pressure. Prescribe medications of different groups:
- Dopegit to drink early in pregnancy, the best result is achieved at less than 28 weeks.
- Verapamil, Nifedipine, normodipin are calcium channel blockers, they can be used with the 2 terms. With an increase to high levels to help bring down blood pressure.
- Labetalol, atenolol, nebivolol belong to the group of beta blockers that do not cause adverse effects on the fetus. They are appointed with 2 terms. May cause a decrease in the heart rate of the fetus, therefore, required to assign strict indications.
Since hypertension treated with medication, you need to get the effect pills for high blood pressure in pregnancy has on the cardiovascular system:
- reduced strength and heart rate;
- body becomes less susceptible to stress;
- in the blood decreases the activity of renin;
- It is normal to need oxygen the heart muscle;
- It decreases the risk of cardiac arrhythmia.
Quickly it helps reduce blood pressure indicators bisoprolol, which is easy to use (per day - only 1 tablet).
dangerous consequences
High blood pressure, even in the early stages can lead to preeclampsia which causes complications in child-bearing. Perhaps the development of disorders in the functioning of the cardiovascular system.
When this pathology placenta begins to produce substances forming microperforations in the vessels. Through them, the blood plasma protein and penetrate tissues. The result is the appearance of swelling in the extremities, the placenta, which is a great threat to the fetus.
Even if pregnancy does not lead to hypertension, preeclampsia can not ignore such a state. Variations in blood pressure in the vessels of the placenta lead to circulatory problems between mother and child. The fruit of lack of nutrients and oxygen, which can lead to delay its development.
