When the tonsils (or simply - the tonsils) are infected with various pathogens, talk about angina (acute tonsillitis). Her purulent form occurs most severely.
Purulent tonsillitis may hurt both children and adults. The peak incidence occurs in the autumn and winter period.
Kinds
By the nature of the structural changes and the involvement of the tonsils in the process are the following types of angina:
- bluetongue - without pus, the easiest form;
- follicular - with the formation of pus;
- lacunary - also a form of purulent tonsillitis;
Depending on the pathogen causing the infectious process in tonsils, angina can be streptococcal, staphylococcalMixed etiology.
Adrift angina disease can be mild, moderate and severe.
Causes
The causes of the disease are:
- B-hemolytic Streptococcus group A (as a rule);
- penetration tonsil staphylococci (alone or in combination with streptococci);
- viruses (coxsackie virus, herpes virus);
- Treponema pallidum (syphilis pathogen).
Predisposing factors of the disease include:
- smoking;
- weakening the body's defenses;
- hypothermia;
- fumes, dust environment;
- harmful working conditions (contact with dust, temperature extremes);
- lack of vitamins;
- malnutrition;
- Life in metropolitan areas;
- the use of common dishes with the patient.
Symptoms of purulent tonsillitis
Purulent tonsillitis is quite a serious disease and runs hard.
Angina incubation period ranges from several hours to two days. The disease begins acutely, and the fore signs of intoxication. These include:
- fever (up to 38-40 ° C);
- aches throughout the body;
- head ache without specific localization;
- weakness and lethargy;
- lack or loss of appetite.
Furthermore, there is an increase of regional lymph nodes or lymphadenitis (submandibular swelling, BTE, neck lymph nodes).
On examination of the throat are visible bright red enlarged tonsils, which has expanded follicles or gaps with a yellow (purulent) content. Pus, which flows out of the gaps or ruptured follicle forms on the tonsils fibrous plaque, which is easily removed swab.
Also, patients can be confusing:
- pain in the joints and muscles in the abdomen;
- heart palpitations;
- cough;
- runny nose.
Depending on the degree of swelling and enlarged tonsils there is pain in the throat when swallowing. In severe cases, tonsil hypertrophy so that almost cover the throat, the patient not only can not swallow, it is hard to open your mouth.
Diagnostics
It is necessary to differentiate and purulent tonsillitis diphtheria, Purulent tonsillitis and infectious mononucleosis. Diagnosis of the disease is set by the aggregate characteristic complaints and examination of the patient.
Compulsory palpable regional lymph nodes and held pharyngoscope.
Pharyngoscope - a visual inspection physician mouth and throat with a medical spatula, a process this survey found increased gaps and / or follicles with purulent discharge and touch on tonsils.
In addition, complete blood count is assigned, wherein the determined signs of inflammation (accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, increased number of leukocytes).
to exclude diphtheria smear taken from the mucous membrane of the nose and throat, and held detachable fence with almonds on culture and sensitivity to antibiotics.
Treatment of purulent tonsillitis
It is engaged in the treatment of angina otolaryngologist, and in his absence - therapist.
Typically, patients with mild to moderate disease severity of treated on an outpatient basis, but will be available and hospitalization in severe intoxication, or the appearance of complications.
Patient is prescribed bed rest, restriction of contacts and, especially, conversations with relatives.
Displaying plenty of warm drinks:
- fruit and berry fruit drinks;
- still mineral water;
- weak tea with lemon.
Since the body is weakened, and the patient is difficult to eat because of discomfort in swallowing, the food should be rich in vitamins, easily digestible, warm and soft in consistency.
Mandatory gargling with warm, but not hot solutions with antiseptics and decoction of herbs. To do this, you can use:
- solution of soda, salt and iodine;
- furatsilina solution and chlorhexidine;
- weak solution of potassium permanganate;
- decoctions of sage, chamomile, calendula and other herbs.
Rinse disinfecting not only act, but also relieve the swelling of the tonsils, sore throat easier.
Undoubtedly, in the treatment of purulent tonsillitis can not do some rinses, so be sure to be appointed antibiotics. Preference is given to:
- antibiotics penicillin (amoxiclav, Augmentin);
- cephalosporins of generations 2 and 3 (ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, cefixime);
- macrolides (azithromycin, sumamed).
antibiotic course is a minimum of 7 days. It is important to take the drugs for three days after normalization of temperature.
For removal of edema and relief of pain in the throat are assigned non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (paracetamol, Nurofen) and antihistamines (Suprastinum, Claritin).
Consequences and outlook
Purulent tonsillitis dangerous its complications, which can be both late and early.
By the early include:
- sinusitis;
- otitis;
- laryngitis;
- suppurative lymphadenitis;
- soft tissue abscesses.
Later can develop:
- meningitis;
- rheumatism;
- glomerulonephritis;
- polyarthritis;
- pyelonephritis.
The prognosis for timely and quality treatment of the disease favorable.
treatment principles described in this article are based on the standard of primary health care in acute tonsillitis.
