Sensorineural hearing loss develops in damaged sensory nerve cells of the inner ear, auditory nerve and central auditory system formations.
Causes
In the occurrence of sensorineural hearing loss play a role:
- infectious diseases (flu and SARS, parotitis, syphilis);
- vascular disorders (hypertonic disease, vertebrobasilar distsirkulyatsii, Cerebral atherosclerosis);
- stress, mechanical, acoustic and barotrauma;
- impact of industrial and household materials, a number of drugs (antibiotics of the aminoglycoside series, some anti-malarial and diuretics, salicylates).
Symptoms of sensorineural hearing loss
Manifestations of hearing loss is to reduce hearing. decrease in hearing can be combined with
- tinnitus,
- dizziness,
- nausea,
- vomiting.
Most cases of sensorineural hearing loss occurs with vestibular disturbances in the presence of subjective symptoms (vertigo, disturbances of motor coordination, nausea or vomiting). In some instances, Vestibular function violation is detected only during a specific neurological examination in conjunction with
CT, Magnetic resonance imaging, ultrasound and Doppler rheoencephalography.Diagnostics
Diagnosis of sensorineural hearing loss is carried ENT doctor. Modern approach to the diagnosis of hearing loss is to investigate the sound-conducting features and sound-systems, the vestibular apparatus, the study of indicators of coagulation blood and liver function, assessment of the cardiovascular, excretory and endocrine systems, which makes it possible to establish the cause of the disease and to develop the most effective treatment tactics.
In practice, the initial assessment of auditory function requires analysis akumetricheskih and audiological indicators, among which it is obligatory to conduct kamertonalnyh samples, recording tone threshold audiogram. A further, more informative method to clarify the form of deafness, audiometry is executed in the frequency range above 8000 Hz.
Inclusion in the plan of examination of patients with sensorineural hearing loss impedance - method of detection divide the ossicular chain, the presence of effusion in the tympanic cavity, auditory dysfunction pipe.
Treatment of sensorineural hearing loss
The treatment plan for each individual patient, is determined by considering the causes and duration of the disease, presence of concomitant diseases. However, there are general rules for the treatment of:
- carrying out the treatment of acute sensorineural hearing loss in a specialized ENT hospital;
- Immediate initiation of treatment immediately after hospitalization;
- compliance with sparing diet;
- quitting smoking and consumption of alcoholic beverages
Given the characteristics of the disease are used medicamentous preparations improving blood supply to the inner ear. Drugs such as vinpocetine, pentoxifylline, Cerebrolysin, Piracetam is used for the first 10 days intravenously, gradually increasing the dose from 1 st to 4 th day and maintaining a constant therapeutic dose from 5 th to 10 th day treatment. Subsequently, intramuscular and proceeds to use the preformed preparations, if the total duration of the first treatment course 1-1.5 months.
For the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss, accompanied by dizziness, have been successfully applied preparations having a specific effect on the inner ear (e.g. betahistine). Should take the drug during or after meals to prevent possible adverse effects on the gastric mucosa in the absence of the patient's gastric ulcer and asthma.
It increases the effectiveness of drug treatment sensorineural hearing loss and stabilize the positive clinical dynamics of inclusion in the complex of therapeutic measures non-drug methods: reflexotherapy - acupuncture or laser puncture (10 sessions immediately after completion of the intravenous therapy, followed by 10 sessions after 1 month and, if necessary, 10 sessions of 2-3 months after the first course of patient treatment) and hyperbaric oxygenation (session duration - 30 min, treatment - 10 sessions).
hearing rehabilitation by electrodes implanted in the cochlea with the purpose of electrical stimulation of the auditory nerve fibers is becoming increasingly widespread.
It should be emphasized that even adequately chosen and on time, in full carried out patient treatment of acute sensorineural hearing loss does not exclude likelihood of recurrence of the disease under the influence of stress, acute cardiovascular disease, acute viral infection or acoustic injury.
To eliminate noise in the ears: sit on a chair with tilted 30 ° forward, head down, eyes closed. Firmly close his ears with his hands and press them to the temples by placing his fingers on the occipital region. The tip of the middle finger of the right hand 60 make a rhythmic tapping on the middle finger of his left hand.
Forecast
When properly selected treatment and compliance with preventive measures (no smoking, drinking alcohol and drugs, enough physical activity, the ability to overcome episodes of mental overload and stress situations) - forecast favorable.
This article is based on information of breast cancer - Independent publications practitioners
