Özen - a disease of the nasal mucosa. Women suffer more often than men.
Predisposing factors for development ozeny are poor living conditions (poor housing, poor nutrition).
Causes
Causes of ozeny still remain unclear. Some authors believe that the cause of the disease is congenital excessive width of the nose, shortening of the anteroposterior dimensions of the nasal cavity, paranasal sinus hypoplasia and a skull face.
Other authors attribute degenerative origin ozeny nasal mucosa. Degeneration of the mucous disintegrates, emitting a foul odor. Sheneman (Schonemann) found degeneration of the mucosa in 65 of 75 patients Ozen. Bayer (Bayer) and Tsarniko (Zarniko) believe that ozena caused by eating tissues, leading to the destruction of bone and degeneration of the epithelium.
Microbiologists research proved a great variety of microflora in patients with nasal mucus Ozen, and this has led some authors to consider Ozen infectious disease.
Of all the hypotheses can be considered the most reliable that according to which ozena develops in violation of nerve function, in particular in case of damage, irritation, etc. pterygopalatine node.
manifestations ozeny
When completely free nose breathing felt painful dry nose and the presence of something foreign.
These manifestations cause the need to clean the nose and the patient attempts to remove accumulated crust. In some cases, crusts accumulate in such large numbers that completely obstruct the nasal cavity. Then comes the difficulty of nasal breathing, which passes quickly after vigorous blowing the nose or mechanical removal of the crusts.
Another manifestation ozeny is loss of smell. The patient, being the bearer of fetid crusts in the nose, does not feel its smell and learn about it only from others. Loss of smell is due to the loss of olfactory receptor. Stench nose reaches such a strength that surrounding avoid patient presence. The patient notices this and he avoids the society.
A frequent concomitant disease is inflammation of the auditory tube and the middle ear, resulting in the occurrence of tinnitus and hearing loss. Özen can spread to the mucosa of the pharynx, larynx and trachea. Then there is a dry throat, hoarseness, and shortness of breath, especially with abundant accumulation of crusts in the trachea.
Diagnostics
Diagnosis is made ozeny ENT doctor. When rhinoscopy detected characteristic ozeny symptoms - the presence of malodorous crusts, on removal of which is visible over a wide nasal cavity.
ozeny treatment
Conservative treatment ozeny provides for the elimination of dryness in the nose, congestion crusts and deodorization. Wash the nose 3% solution of hydrogen peroxide, a weak pink solution of potassium permanganate or simple saline. To do this, use a special watering or nasal douches mug.
In order that the liquid does not leak into the auditory tube, rinsing should be done with caution: the patient tilts his head forward slightly opens his mouth, and then the washing liquid is not swallowed, and spills out through one or the other half nose. Gotshteyna tamponade produced a doctor: the nasal cavity is filled with a gauze pad soaked in 1-2% solution of iodine in glycerine. The tampon is left in the nose for 2-3 hours. When you remove a tampon depart fetid crusts.
In some cases, we can recommend the daily lubrication of the nose 2-5% yodglitserinom.
Applicable treatment hlorofillokarotinovoy paste, manufactured by method F. T. Solodky. Enter a candle pasta in both halves of the nose once a day for one month. After a few minutes a bad smell from the nose disappear and this state is kept for 2 days. Repeated administration paste deodorization period is extended to 3-5 days. The course of treatment should be carried out 4 times during the year.
Some authors have observed an improvement in the condition of patients Ozen from the use of physical therapy, such as diathermy and iontophoresis. Good results were observed after inhalation of ionized air (so patients are advised to keep the house air ionizer).
SUMMARY ozeny surgical treatment is an artificial narrowing of the nasal cavity. Of all the surgical techniques is the most gentle introduction to the submucosal tissue fat, bone, cartilage. As a result of implantation material, a strong response from the perichondrium and mucosa expressed in increased formation of connective tissue, blood vessels and increase the size and quantity of mucous glands. These changes after operation and cause improvement.
In recent years, use foam (ivalon) followed by administration under the skin instead of bones dezoksikortikosteroidatsetata patient as a hormone that promotes the development of blood vessels and connective tissue.
A more radical approach is to Lautenshlegera surgical operation, which is the inner wall depressor maxillary sinuses to the nasal septum. Sinus wall separated and fixed in the desired position swab. In the subsequent separation wall is held in its new position coalescence surfaces of the nasal septum and nasal conchas.
