Genital warts (warts, anogenital warts) - a viral disease that is manifested benign tumors mainly in the area of mucous membranes and the skin of the external genitalia and anus.
The disease affects both men and women. More than half of the patients got genital warts through sexual contact.
Causes
It causes the development of genital warts human papilloma virus (HPV). In the nature of which there are more than 100 varieties, but the perpetrators of the disease, according to some authors, are only certain, non-tumorigenic types.
It is known that human papilloma virus is available in the body of each individual, but only under certain conditions, the formation of genital warts.
These include:
- intimate contact with the patient condylomatosis;
- early sexual activity;
- promiscuity in sexual relations;
- neglect condom (though currently is not justified, since the diameter of the virus is much smaller pores in condoms);
- immunosuppression (HIV positive, constant stress, hypovitaminosis, cancer patients etc.);
- pregnancy;
- infections, sexually transmitted;
- age from 17 to 33 years.
Symptoms of genital warts
The first manifestations of the disease after infection appear within a few weeks or months, in some cases for several years.
Usually, genital warts occur immediately, and grow "in front", reaching its maximum size after a few hours. Further formations growth stops. It looks as benign genital warts formation on thin stem with a broad base, whose surface is rough and uneven.
In connection with the fact they are compared with cauliflower. Often genital warts multiple, up to 10-20 units.
Their sizes range from a few millimeters to a few centimeters.
It is extremely rare, but there are genital warts giant size, which has a tendency to die off on their own due to the fact that education is not developed vascular network. Their color is also different and can be a solid, purple, pink or red.
Favorite localization of genital warts is the anogenital region.
In the formation of men are more likely to bridle the penis or in the coronal sulcus region, at least on the head, scrotum, urethra lips or the body of the penis.
In women, genital warts can be seen on the clitoris, large and small labia, in the walls of the vagina and cervix, urethra or in the vicinity thereof. Both men and women in education are deployed in the perineum, around the anus, anus and oropharynx (for oral sex).
Photo: site of the Department of dermatology Tomsk Military Medical Institute
Diagnostics
Differential diagnosis of genital warts is carried out with broad warts (typical for syphilis), Malignant skin formations limfaplaziey itch.
The diagnosis of genital warts is easily installed during the inspection, but the following methods are used to confirm the diagnosis:
- blood PCR (confirmed the presence of portions of human papilloma virus DNA);
- blood for syphilis and HIV infection;
- smear on onkotsitologiyu with genital warts in both sexes and from the cervix in women;
- screening for disease, sexually transmitted infections (preferably both sexual partners);
- colposcopy for women;
- urotsistoskopiya the presence of warts in the urethra;
- if necessary biopsy formation.
Treatment of genital warts
Treatment of genital warts are handled by different doctors. As a rule, it is venereal disease.
In women, the treatment may carry a gynecologist, male urology and andrology. If the localization of genital warts in the oropharynx, the treatment is the prerogative of the ENT doctor.
Points opinions of doctors in removing warts differ. Some advocate the removal, others against.
Distinguish conservative and surgical removal of warts. Keep in mind that getting rid of genital warts does not relieve the patient from the human papilloma virus.
Advantages and disadvantages of each method is the removal, but the total minus all methods is that a rather high percentage of recurrence (30%).
Methods used to get rid of genital warts:
cryolysis
The method consists in the treatment of entities with liquid nitrogen. The advantages include low cost and painless removal, to the downside - risk of burns healthy areas of skin, after which the scars remain.
Laser therapy
Treatment of genital warts laser beam (irradiation). Advantages of this method consist in the efficacy and safety disadvantages in certain painful procedures, as well as the high cost due to expensive equipment.
chemical destruction
The method consists in the treatment of genital warts chemicals (podophyllotoxin). The advantages include efficiency, low cost, and almost complete painless, and the shortcomings - the duration of treatment (up to 5 weeks), the likelihood of burn healthy skin.
diathermocoagulation
This method is that cauterize warts high frequency current. The advantages of low cost and efficiency concerns, and to the disadvantages soreness (anesthesia required) and eventual scarring.
Since the removal of warts is only symptomatic treatment, then, along with counter-formations must conduct antiviral and immunostimulatory therapy.
Complications and prognosis
Genital warts can be complicated and lead to the following processes:
- formations injury;
- festering warts;
- phimosis in men with localization on the frenulum of the penis;
- malignant processes in both sexes;
- further growth and spread of warts.
The prognosis of genital warts relatively favorable, because of the risk of relapse by removing, as well as the probability of malignant transformation in education.
* In writing this article, we used data protocols for patients with anogenital warts, approved in 2000. You can consult with him.
