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Skin, Hair, Nails

Pyoderma: Types, Symptoms, Treatment

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Pyoderma - purulent inflammatory diseases of the skin caused by a variety of pathogens (staphylococci, streptococci, Pneumococcus, Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and others.).

Skin is open biological system colonized by a significant amount opportunistic pathogens (Staphylococcus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Pityrosporum ovale et al.), Which under certain circumstances are capable of exhibiting their pathogenic properties by causing pustular defeat. These conditions are:

  • reduced the protective properties of the water-lipid mantle alkaline reaction surface of the skin;
  • Excessive moisture and the absorption ability of the skin;
  • decreased immunity.

Symptoms and types of pyoderma

Vezikulopustulez (Periporit)

Often precedes the emergence vezikulopustuleza prickly heat. Predisposing factors, other than those mentioned above refers overheating. Affects mouth ducts of the sweat glands with the appearance of small (the size of millet grain) pustules located on the background of redness. Multiple rash, located primarily on the torso, in folds on the scalp. Overall condition is not violated, and with proper care and timely begun treatment eruptions take place at day 3-7.

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strep impetigo

This form of pyoderma develops on intact skin, but often - as a result of scratching insect bites, scabies, atopic dermatitisAfter the common cold, purulent otitis etc.

The causative agent is transmitted through the toys, clothes, towels of persons suffering from diseases of the nasopharynx (angina, Chronic rhinitis).

This pyoderma characterized by the appearance, usually on the face, flat, surface abscess size from 0.5 to 1 cm diameter, the contents of which some time later dries into a crust, after falling remain unstable pink spots. There is no scarring. In addition to the skin blisters may appear on the mucous membrane of the nose, lips, cheeks, gums. When phlyctenas localization on the scalp after their permission may be temporary pockets of alopecia.

Slit impetigo (Zayed, corner stomatitis)

Pyoderma form in which corners of the mouth, at the base of the nose, at the outer corners of the eyes appear quickly opened bubbles formed painful linear crack. The infection is transmitted from sick to healthy through toys, pacifiers, utensils, towels.

The disease often runs a chronic because of the constant trauma during the meal, the presence of carious teeth, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, Hypovitaminosis B2 and B6.

surface felon

Characterized by the appearance around one or more nail plates plurality of bubbles with purulent content located on a background redness. Pyoderma usually preceded by mechanical damage okolonogtevogo roller (obkusyvaniya burrs, etc.).

Characterized by swelling, pain at the source. Increased body temperature - up to 37,5-37,8 ° C.

intertriginoznoy streptoderma

More common in children with excessive sweating, overweight, diabetes diabetes.

Localization of lesions typical of auricles, the skin contacting surfaces of inguinal, axillary folds in the gluteal region. Hatched bubbles are opened to form a moist wounds red color that can fuse together. Foci sharp boundaries, with a border peeling epidermis. Exudate shrinking yellowish-brown crust, after falling away which is a temporary pigmentation.

White zoster (shingles dry, eritemato-squamous streptoderma)

Occurs most often in the spring or autumn, the development of this type of pyoderma contribute to insufficient obsushivaniya skin after washing and chapping.

On the skin of the face, extremities appear rounded pale pink lesions, up to 2-3 cm in diameter, which is expressed on the surface mukovidnoe peeling.

White shingles can be combined with bridou, Intertriginoznoy streptoderma.

vulgar impetigo

Emerging phlyctenas located on the reddened background, after drying the bubble formed greenish-yellow crusts. After falling away crusts remain temporary pigmentation.

Diaper dermatitis (papules erosive streptoderma)

This pyoderma is specific to infants and is more common in children with digestion disorders (diarrhea alkaline reacting an irritant) at ricketsWhen using waterproof clothes, interfering evaporation and creating favorable conditions for the growth of microorganisms.

Affected skin of the buttocks, rear and inner thighs, the perineum, the scrotum. It appears bluish-red, dense hillocks to 0.6 cm in diameter, surrounded by an inflammatory whisk. On the surface bumps are formed quickly opened bubbles that leave behind wounds and scabs.

pyoderma treatment

The most important in pyoderma is rational skin care in the lesion, and outside of it. It is necessary to limit the washing, bathing. The skin around the lesion should be treated with disinfectant solutions (1-2% alcohol solution of salicylic acid, 0.1% aqueous solution of potassium permanganate, 1-2% alcohol solution of boric acid). In lesions of the scalp in neonates does not recommend the use of alcoholic solutions due to possible active suction through fontanels not closed.

Also undesirable use of alcoholic solutions of the localization of the pathological process in folds because of possible irritant action of alcohol. Self lesion treated with antiseptic solutions (1% solution in alcohol chlorophyllipt, fukortsin, 1% methylene blue solution). Then, depending on the severity of the process are superimposed bacterial paste (2% eritromitsinovaya, linkomitsinovaya), ointments (gioksizonovaya, eritromitsinovaya, linkomitsinovaya). However, quite often it is difficult to determine the nature of the pathogen (bacterial, fungal, mixed).

Accordingly, when pyoderma is the most justified to use the complex preparation "Triderm" due to its triple action: antibacterial, antifungal and antiinflammatory. This tool can be used both in bacterial or fungal infections, and mixed / of unknown origin.

It is known that when pyoderma often joins a fungal component, which is an indication for the local antifungal agents, for example clotrimazole, part of the "Triderma". At the same time, gentamicin, being a component of the antibacterial cream "Triderm" and referring to broad-spectrum antibiotics, is active both in terms of gram-positive and against Gram-negative flora.

In addition, quite often pyoderma develops as a complication of atopic dermatitis, worsening during this allergodermatosis. In this case, especially becomes important inflammatory and anti-allergic component, part of the "triderm".

Systemic therapy for pyoderma

The indications for antibiotic therapy are:

  • large abundance process;
  • general condition violation (general weakness, fever);
  • vyaloprotekayuschy process;

The most effective and the least number of side reactions are macrolide antibiotics, lincomycin, and also cephalosporins I-II generation and other antibiotics which are resistant to b-lactamases and have a broad spectrum of actions. Antibacterial agents administered through the mouth, in some cases - intramuscularly. dosing regimen individually depending on the severity and prevalence of process.

In addition to antibiotic therapy, with long flowing pyoderma prescribed means of specific immunotherapy: staphylococcal toxoid, Staphylococcal antifagin, y-globulin. The recovery period is used a complex of vitamins A, C, B group, multivitamins.

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