Synonyms: Ca 72-4, carbohydrate antigen 72-4
Scientific editor: M. Merkusheva, PSPbGMU them. Acad. Pavlov, general medicine.
October, 2018.
CA 72-4 - a non-specific marker of oncological diseases of the stomach, colon and ovaries. Normally, the active ingredient in an adult is absent. Only the malignant cells are able to produce it in large quantities, as is revealed in the course of immunohemilyuminestsentnogo analysis.
Overview
Antigen CA 72-4 is a high molecular weight glycoprotein that is produced almost all tissues in the body of the fetus. In the adult human as its production stopped completely, so the rate of antigen in the blood or can not be detected at all, or the amount is negligible.
Growth rates oncomarker observed only in the presence of malignancies of glandular genesis (gastric carcinoma, colorectal cancer, mucinous ovarian tumors), actively producing CA 72-4. Increasing the concentration of the antigen it is also observed in tumors of other sites (lung, breast, pancreas).
Increase in CA 72-4 values observed
- cancer of the gastrointestinal tract in 40% of cases,
- lung cancer - 36%
- in ovarian cancer - 24%.
Benign pathology of the digestive organs, ovaries, lungs and others. also stimulate expression of CA 72-4. Therefore, specific analysis on the tumor markers can not be named. Yes, its results can be judged from the presence of malignancy in the body, but to accurately determine the location and type of tumor is not possible. For the most comprehensive data analysis on CA 72-4 is almost always combined with other studies: REA or CA 19-9 (Monitoring of gastric cancer) CA 125 (To control the flow and treatment of ovarian cancer).
A case of increase of CA 72-4 in the background of Helicobacter pylori infection in 66-year-old patient, the level reached values as in gastric carcinoma. CA 72-4 is slowly returned to normal levels after two courses of eradication therapy (treatment aimed at the destruction of Helicobacter pylory)1.
Indications for determination of CA 72-4
- Monitoring of patients diagnosed with gastric cancer, monitoring the effectiveness of treatment, prognosis of recurrence;
- The rating severity of malignancy in gastric cancer, the identification of metastasis;
- Monitoring the course and treatment of mucinous ovarian cancer;
- The differential diagnosis of malignant and benign tumors of the ovaries.
- In combination with other oncomarkers for suspected lung cancer and colorectal cancer.
To research and interpret the results of the analysis on the CA 72-4 doctors: therapist, oncologist, gynecologist, surgeon, gastroenterologist, proctologist.
interpretation of results
Important! Norms vary depending on the reagents and equipment used in a particular laboratory. Therefore, when interpreting the results it is necessary to use standards adopted precisely in the lab where to be tested. It is also necessary to pay attention to the units.
To avoid errors in the interpretation of results over time is necessary to do the analysis in the same laboratory, because different techniques and reagents are used in different institutions. Furthermore, the holding of only one test for CA 72-4 and only on the basis of accurate diagnosis is categorically unacceptable. It is required to conduct a comprehensive, multifaceted survey with additional diagnostic tests, in Vol. H. tool.
Reference values:
- 0-6,9 U / mL (laboratory and Helix Invitro)2;
- 0-4,6 IU / ml (guide to laboratory diagnosis ed. prof. Kiskun)3
Elevated CA 72-4
- Stomach cancer. Important! CA 72-4 increases in proportion to the concentration stage of the malignant process. Therefore, this analysis has a high predictive value in assessing the risk of metastasis and evaluating a patient's chances of survival;
- Metastatic cancer of the stomach;
- Mucinous ovarian cancer;
- Oncology lung, colon, pancreas, breast, endometrium;
- Liver disease: hepatitis, cirrhosis;
- Benign tumors of the ovaries: cystsPolyps;
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract: stomach ulcer, pancreatitis (Inflammation of the pancreas), and others.
Important! Interpretation of the results is always carried out comprehensively. An accurate diagnosis on the basis of only one analysis impossible.
decrease in value
For healthy people, characterized by a complete lack or minimal content of CA 72-4 in the blood.
Preparation for delivery of analysis
The biomaterial for research: venous blood.
method of collecting biological material: venipuncture cubital vein.
The preferred time of the procedure: the morning hours (from 8.00 to 11.00).
Mandatory requirements: strict fasting (during an overnight fast of at least 8-10 hours). Prior to manipulation permitted only drink plain water without gas.
Optional: 1-2 weeks prior to venipuncture must stop taking drugs, nutritional supplements and vitamins;
Important! If the patient receives therapy with high doses of biotin (more than 5 mg / day), the sample can not be taken for the study for at least 8 hours after the last administration of biotin.
- In just a few days - to exclude the impact of emotional stress, limit physical exertion;
- A few hours before the procedure is non-smoking;
- Within half an hour prior to blood sampling is necessary to observe the full sleep mode, both physical and emotional.
The menstrual cycle is not substantially affect the value and CA 72-4 it is possible to measure at any time during the menstrual period,4.
sources:
- 1. Buzas GM. Inappropriate CA 72-4 elevation in a Helicobacter pylori infected patient. - Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie, 2016 May; 54(5);
- 2. These laboratories Helix and Invitro;
- 3. A.A.Kishkun, prof. Manual for the laboratory diagnosis methods - GEOTAR-Media, 2007 .;
- 4. Yarci Gursoy A. Menstrual cycle variability of CA 72-4 in healthy women. - Clinical biochemistry, 2015 Jan; 48(1-2):70-2.
