Hydrocele or hydrocele - a disease in which in the scrotum and accumulates liquid egg shells. The nature and volume of the liquid may be different.
The disease can occur in boys the first year of life and in adults aged 20 to 40 years old.
When fluid accumulates between the hydrocele egg shells, leading to an increase in size of the scrotum. It occurs at birth in approximately 10-15% of the boys, but it goes without treatment within the first few months of life. In adult hydrocephalus usually does not disappear on their own, it has a tendency to progression.
classification of hydrocele
By origin can be divided into:
- congenital form, is the first year of life,
- acquired hydrocele, mostly happens in adults.
Congenital hydrocele mechanism of formation can be:
- simple, when the opening between the scrotum and the abdomen is closed, and the liquid is accumulated in utero, it is absorbed in the first year of life.
- communicating, when the opening between the abdomen and scrotum while stored.
Between the egg shells may collect liquid, different in nature:
- transudate (fluid accumulation is not inflammatory, lymph or interstitial fluid)
- exudate - accumulation of secretions in the oral inflammatory or pus
- blood, accumulation of blood in the cavity of the injured vessels
- exudative liquid after suturing the inguinal ring.
By the nature of the defeat of a hydrocele may be unilateral, bilateral.
Recovered downstream acute or chronic.
Causes
congenital form
In congenital hydrocele main reason - cleft special hole into which utero egg passed from the abdominal cavity.
It is usually closed during the first year of life. Through this opening the liquid penetrates from the abdominal cavity, which in a small amount is always present inside it.
acquired hydrocephalus
It occurs due to the following reasons:
- in inflammation in the testis and epididymis, due to accumulation of inflammatory fluid.
- trauma of the scrotum,
- due to violations of lymph,
- due to the operations in the crotch,
- on the background gonorrhea, Tuberculosis, or inflammation of the epididymis.
- after radiation or chemotherapy.
Hydrocele risk factors in adults are:
- disorders of lymph circulation in the groin lymph nodes in case of damage,
- heart failure congestive,
- operations in varicocele or inguinal hernias,
- kicks in the groin, the groin injury in sports activities,
- Weight Training.
Symptoms in children and adults
The main symptoms of hydrocele will depend on the type of disease and its causes. The main manifestations include:
- an increase in scrotal size compared to the norm,
- its decrease in volume after sleep, and an increase in congenital forms of day,
- no pain.
In acute forms of hydrocele symptoms largely depend on the cause, if it is an inflammation of the testicle, then there are:
- sharp pain
- temperature rise,
- a dramatic increase in the size of the scrotum with one hand or two.
Dimensions scrotum with edema may be different:
- liquid accumulates in the bottom pole and forms the shape of "pear"
- Liquid is accumulated in the scrotum and the inguinal canal - formed shape "hourglass"
- scrotal size can be from slightly enlarged to the size of children's heads, then it may suffer urinary and sexual function.
- when probing surface is smooth,
- Leather freely going to fold,
- consistency is firm, elastic, defined as the flow of fluid,
- egg in liquid thickness is not detectable.
Hydrocele usually no complications if it is not caused by an acute infection or trauma. When long current edema may occur testicular atrophy.
diagnosis of hydrocele
Initially, needs inspection and palpation (feeling) of the scrotum in the standing and lying down, in addition, important patient story about why and how the disease began.
Since the skin of the scrotum is thin, there is a method of its inspection - transillumination, translucence scrotum special lamp. This will not only confirm the dropsy, but also to determine the content - that there - pus, blood, or serous, inflammatory fluid.
For suspected infection need CROI and urine tests, and the most basic method is diagnostic ultrasound scrotum and the exclusion of other diseases.
Treatment
Neonates hydrocele usually watch without taking active steps to a year, after a year if it fails, or there is a tendency to a sharp increase, the need for surgical correction.
In adult hydrocele is treated only operatively but symptomatic acute form, caused by inflammation of the testicle. In this case shows antiinflammatory and analgesic drugs, rest, and wearing bandages (supportive sling).
Surgical treatment includes:
- the operation under local anesthesia,
- opening of the cavity with the liquid,
- careful removal of excess fluid,
- closure of the defect.
After operation for a couple of weeks limit physical activity.
In rare cases, use puncture the eggs with the removal of excess fluid, but it is a temporary measure.
complications of hydrocele
If you do not carry out operations and not to adjust the hydrocele it can lead to:
- compression of testicular atrophy and to the development of infertility
- disruption of blood circulation in the testis,
- decrease in potency,
- sexual dysfunction, ejaculation,
- aesthetic defects and psychological discomfort,
To avoid this, it is necessary to protect the perineum from injury, time to treat infectious diseases, do not overwork.
