Periodontitis - is inflammation of the surrounding tissues of the tooth, leading to disruption and weakening of the ligamentous apparatus of the tooth, which can lead to pathological sdvigaemosti and loosening of teeth.
Causes
Periodontitis is caused by three main groups of factors:
- incomplete removal of plaque and tartar deposits, leading to microbial infection and inflammation of the periodontal tissues.
- injury to periodontal tissues crowns, fillings, medical procedures,
- manifestation of allergy to certain medicines.
In addition to the direct causes, allocate more and the risk factors in the development of periodontal disease:
- hormonal metabolism
- violation of general metabolism,
- weakening of the immune defense,
- bite defects
- the constant use of too soft food,
- Inadequate chewing load.
Classification
Dentists periodontitis share a number of separate criteria.
First of all, the periodontitis is separated by severity into:
- Lightweight, with a depth of periodontal pockets up to 3.5 mm,
- medium-heavy pockets with a depth of 4 to 5 mm,
- heavy pockets with depth to 6 mm.
On the extent of periodontal disease are divided into:
- localized, struck only some parts of the jaw,
- generalized, it affects the entire jaw completely.
symptoms of periodontitis
Periodontitis occurs initially mild, may not be seen for a long time by the patient, do not bother. This leads to the progression of the disease.
The initial symptoms of periodontitis can be bleeding in the gums, itching and discomfort around the teeth, the manifestations of pain when chewing or biting, mouth odor.
If treatment is not started, the symptoms progress, develop symptoms of chronic, generalized periodontitis.
He appears quite severe pain when chewing, the displacement and loosening of teeth. In such oral hygiene more difficult condition of the oral cavity, resulting in deeper periodontal pockets, exposure of tooth roots. There is a severe periodontitis, which is already treated surgically.
Diagnostics
In the initial stages of periodontal disease to measure the depth of the tooth-gingival channel uses a special tool. This is particularly important in determining local periodontitis. In a generalized process of diagnosis is obvious already during the inspection, to clarify the state of the bone tissue is recommended panoramic x-ray of the jaw.
treatment of periodontitis
First of all, a professional medical treatment is carried out by overlapping teeth tartar and plaque.
When gingivitis shown rinse decoctions of herbs with anti-inflammatory and antiseptic properties. In severe cases, treatment with antibiotics is connected. special methods of using dental instruments are used for the removal of deep tartar deposits.
When periodontitis measures are taken strengthening therapy, immunotherapy, taking vitamins. If the increased mobility of the teeth, apply splinting them to reinforce the hole in the tooth.
prevention
In order to prevent periodontal disease requires regular visits to the dentist with teeth cleaning, prompt treatment caries, Removal of tartar and regulation dentures and mouth structures.
It is important to frequently eat solid food in order to stimulate the teeth cleaning, and use of special pastes.
