Often patients turn to a gastroenterologist with complaints of persistent nausea, a feeling of heaviness in the side and other symptoms of digestive disturbances, the survey finds that the reason for this is the bend of the gallbladder.
Contents of
- 1 Bend of Gallbladder - What is it?
- 2 Causes of bend of the gallbladder
- 3 Signs and symptoms of the bend of the gallbladder
- 4 Diagnosis
- 5 Treatment of the bend of the gallbladder
- 5.1 Diet in the bile of the gall bladder
- 5.2 Treatment for inflexion at home
- 6 Complications
Bend of the gallbladder - What is it?
Normally, the gallbladder has the shape of an oblong sac and is a reservoir for storing bile.
The bend of the gallbladder is an abnormal state, during which the constriction appears in the organ, as a result of which the bubble acquires the shape of an hourglass, a hook or the letter "G".
When a bend occurs simultaneously in several places, the gallbladder resembles the shape of the Latin letter "c", such a pathology most often occurs in pediatric practice.
Causes of inflection of the gallbladder
General view of the gallbladder, structure, photo
Distinguish the congenital and acquired inflection of the bladder. The congenital arises even at the stage of embryogenesis, at about 5-6 weeks of gestation, when the liver and gall bladder of the embryo are formed. Various factors of internal and external environment can provoke the development of this pathology:
- Admission of pregnant medicines to 12 weeks;
- Drinking alcohol and smoking;
- Postponed viral and infectious diseases;
- Chronic diseases in the mother;
- Adverse environmental conditions in which the pregnant woman is.
The inflection of an innate character is also called persistent or fixed gallbladder disease, but since the organ cavity is lined with muscle fibers that have the property of contracting, the pathological process can periodically change its place of localization. In this case, the patient is diagnosed with a labile bend of the gallbladder.
Acquired bend of the gallbladder is a consequence of these reasons:
- Dysfunction of diet, predominance of fatty, spicy, smoked food in the diet;
- Obstructive diets;
- Obesity;
- Metabolic disorders;
- Postponed food poisoning;
- Heavy lifting;
- Sedentary lifestyle;
- Cholecystitis;
- Gallstone disease;
- Postoperative operations on the gallbladder or liver;
- Pregnancy;
- Prolonged and uncontrolled administration of certain medications;
- Concomitant diseases of the duodenum, liver, pancreas.
The gallbladder has a body, a bottom and a neck. Depending on the place of localization of the pathological process, the excesses of the upper or lower third of the organ, neck or body are distinguished. The inflection in the body of the gallbladder is the most dangerous condition and entails serious complications.
Signs and symptoms of the bend of the gallbladder
The characteristic clinical symptoms of the bend of the gallbladder are:
- Constant bitterness in the mouth;
- Nausea;
- Appearance of bad breath;
- Gray or yellowish coating on the tongue;
- Belching;
- Bloating and exacerbation of gas;
- Heartburn;
- Feeling of heaviness in the stomach, especially after eating;
- Vomiting when eaten in fatty, roasted, smoked;
- Stool disorders( diarrhea, followed by prolonged constipation).
In the formation of stones in the ducts of the bladder against the background of constant stagnation of bile, the patient sometimes has jaundice of the skin and visible mucous membranes.
Periodically, the organ and bile ducts become inflamed, as a result of which the patient develops cholangitis or cholecystitis, the symptoms of which are:
- Pain in the right hypochondrium;
- Nausea and vomiting;
- Diarrhea;
- Raise body temperature to 38-39 degrees;
- Refusing to eat;
- Jaundice of the skin and mucous membranes;Attacks of biliary colic.
Inflammation of the gallbladder in an infant before the introduction of complementary foods may not manifest itself clinically, but after inclusion in the diet of adult food, constant regurgitation and stool disorders are possible. The S-shaped bend of this organ in a young child is in most cases the main cause of the common pathology - dyskinesia of the bile ducts.
Diagnostics
The main method for diagnosing gallbladder pathologies is ultrasound. This method has no contraindications and age restrictions, so it is prescribed even to the smallest patients with suspicion of bending.
With the help of ultrasound can accurately determine the functionality of the body, the presence of an inflection, as well as the location of the pathological process.
In order to find out whether the bend is congenital or acquired, adult patients perform stimulation of the secretory abilities of the organ by taking raw egg yolks or butter.
With congenital bending, the deformation of the bladder remains unchanged after increasing bile production. To determine the likely cause of the anomaly, the gastroenterologist collects a thorough anamnesis of the patient's life. Depending on the cause of the bend of the gallbladder, the doctor prescribes appropriate treatment.
Treatment of the bend of the gallbladder
With the congenital form of the pathology, treatment consists in reducing the symptoms of the bend of the gallbladder by observing a special diet and performing simple physical exercises that stimulate a normal outflow of bile.
To improve the work of the body and prevent stagnant phenomena, herbal teas and herbs of medicinal herbs are helped - corn stigmas, mint, yarrow, flowers of the immortelle.
Drug therapy
To prevent stagnant processes and stone formation in the bile of the bile, cholagogue preparations are prescribed, for example, Allochol, Gepabene.
These medications can be taken only with the permission of the doctor and if there are no stones in the bladder and ducts. Otherwise, therapy with cholagogue means leads to obstruction of the ducts by concrements and development of an acute inflammatory process or dangerous conditions requiring surgical intervention.
When diagnosing stagnant phenomena and concrements in a bladder no larger than 5 mm in diameter, Ursohol or Ursofalk are prescribed, which alter the viscosity and composition of the bile, normalize its outflow, and destroy small stones. With pain and spasms in the right hypochondrium appoint No-shpu, Papaverin or analgesics.
In inflammation of the ducts or gall bladder, a course of anti-inflammatory drugs or antibiotics is indicated.
Diet in the bend of the gall bladder
In order to improve the overall condition of the patient and reduce the severity of clinical symptoms of inflection of the bladder, the observance of therapeutic nutrition( table number 5a) is shown. From the diet are completely excluded:
- Baking;
- Confectionery products - cakes, chocolate, sweets, cakes, tubes, pastry from puff pastry;
- Fatty types of meat and fish - pork, lamb, mackerel, salmon, salmon;
- Salo;
- By-products;
- Spices, vinegar, spices, spicy dishes;
- Mushrooms;
- Meat products;
- Macaroni;
- Legumes;
- Sour cream, hard cheese;
- Sturdy broth;Red caviar.
Limit butter and yolks of chicken eggs.
The basis of the ration consists of boiled porridges( boiled on water with the addition of milk at will), low-fat cottage cheese, lean meat, kefir, yogurt, yesterday's bread, vegetables, fruits, greens, fish of low-fat varieties( pike perch, hake, pollock).Dishes are prepared by steaming or by boiling, the food should be frequent and small portions.
Treatment of inflexion at home
In the absence of stones in the gallbladder and ducts, a patient can be tanned or so-called blind probing at home once a month.
The essence of the procedure is the preliminary admission of a solution of magnesia or sorbitol by the patient, after which a warm water bottle is placed on the right hypochondrium for 30 minutes. Under the influence of heat and a concentrated solution of sorbitol or magnesia, the Oddi sphincter( located in the gallbladder) opens, the contractile capacity of the bladder increases and the accumulated bile is released into the intestinal lumen.
Bile has irritating effect on the mucous membranes of the intestine, as a result of which the patient is observed several times diluted stool of green or yellow - this is normal.
After such a procedure, patients notice a significant improvement in the state of health, the disappearance of a feeling of heaviness, nausea and bloating.
Strict contraindication to carrying out a tjubazh is the presence in the gallbladder or ducts of any diameter, obstruction of the ducts or the presence of any new growths in the organ that prevent the outflow of bile.
Complications of
When the bubble is bent, bile accumulates in the body and changes its viscosity, resulting in gradual formation of stones. A dangerous complication of this condition is the displacement of the stone in the lumen of the bile ducts, against which the path of bile outflow is blocked( plugging of the duct).
Such a complication is a threat to the health and life of the patient, so in such situations, immediate surgical intervention is often required.
