false croup syndrome or acute constrictive laryngitis - this infectious-allergic defeat of the larynx, leading to its stenosis (narrowing) the formation of suffocation and danger of life.
False croup - an acute condition that requires immediate medical emergencies.
general information
Often false croup symptoms occur in children aged from one year to 4-5 years after the age of false croup syndrome due to anatomical features almost does not occur.
This condition is life-threatening, as due to swelling can be almost completely blocked the access of air to the lungs.
In adults, false croup is extremely rare, with mostly severe allergic nature. This is explained by the peculiarities of the larynx anatomy.
This is called false croup due to the fact that, unlike true, diftiriticheskogo croup, it does not form a film, covering the respiratory tract. When false croup occur in fiber swelling and stenosis of larynx.
Causes
The basis of false croup is the viral nature of the infection. Often develop croup usually gives:
- flu, parainfluenza,
- adenovirus,
- RS virus,
- mycoplasma,
- chlamydia.
- false croup rarely detected by measles, herpes or varicella.
As stenosis of the larynx with false croup can trigger microbial lesions such as:
- stafillokokkovaya infection
- streptococcus,
- E. coli,
- enterococci,
- Pseudomonas infection
- Haemophilus influenzae.
In addition, some conditions and predisposing factors were found in children for the development of laryngeal edema syndrome and false croup needed. These include:
- the special structure of the larynx and trachea area in childhood (they are soft and easily compressed by the surrounding tissues)
- children are highly vocal cords are located, they are short, and the muscles are very excitable,
- In addition, the nervous system is still immature and the regulation of the reflex zones still imperfect,
- around the larynx and its mucous membranes of many loose elastic tissue, prone to edema.
Croup does not occur in all children, because in addition to anatomical factors, there are risk factors that make cereals more likely. Usually this:
- male (boys suffer from false croup are three times more girls)
- disposition to food and drug allergies,
- birth injuries,
- congenital stridor (narrowness of the respiratory tract) in children,
- weight and paratrofiya (overweight in children under one year)
- period after vaccination,
- frequent and prolonged illness.
children get sick more often during the change of season, when the most likely to develop viral and microbial infections. Manifestations of false croup begins with the defeat of the larynx and trachea - developing laryngotracheitis and stenosis.
Stenosis of the larynx is progressing fast enough, so help with croup should be provided immediately.
Manifestations false croup
Croup begins against the backdrop of the cold, in the early stages the symptoms are usually in the evening or night hours:
- It begins with coarse dry barking cough or Carcano,
- may have a fever, restlessness, crying, forced position,
- It appears tachypnea, dyspnea may be,
- and noisy breathing becomes more profound.
With increasing severity of the condition 2 when the degree of stenosis:
- occurs stenotic breath audible at a distance,
- dyspnea at rest is formed, a constant inspiratory
- joins part of auxiliary respiratory muscles,
- the children are excited, pale and restless,
- may be cyanosis (bluish) around the mouth, especially when coughing or anxiety.
Decompensated states appear more severe symptoms:
- disorders of blood circulation and respiration,
- a sharp increase in the work of the respiratory muscles,
- tissue hypoxia,
- anxiety and fear that goes into drowsiness and lethargy,
- the voice severely hoarse,
- cough gradually becomes quieter due to a sharp narrowing of the lumen of the larynx,
- shortness of breath expressed,
- breathing noisy and frequent,
- chest movement paradoxical, spasmodic,
- sharply reduced pressure.
When failure to provide timely assistance comes asphyxia with coma, convulsions, weak and shallow breathing, tachycardia replaced by slowing blood flow and cardiac arrest.
Diagnostics
The first signs of false croup noticeable by parents. Usually, diagnosis is established, doctors ambulance or the front desk of infectious hospitals.
To confirm the blood is taken on the general analysis and gas composition, but in general diagnosis is carried out quickly - the account goes on a minute.
false croup Treatment
First of all, the first signs of croup - a reason to call the ambulance. The treatment takes infectious disease specialists and intensivists.
Urgent Care
- remove from baby clothes and all constraining maximum soothe,
- open windows or vents, to provide fresh air,
- if there is an inhaler, inhaled saline to facilitate breathing,
- if not inhaler - breathe in the bath over the steam from the hot water.
- often drink baby liquid
- give antipyretic with severe fever,
- respiratory arrest induce vomiting by clicking on the root of the tongue.
- give antihistamines - fenistil, zodak, tavegil drops to slightly reduce swelling.
The hospital held Decongestants and anti-infective therapy:
- hormone injections for removing laryngeal edema,
- inhalations with saline and naftizina to facilitate breathing, alkaline inhalations,
- holding protivoinfektsionnnogo treatment (antibiotics, antivirals)
- sedation for the removal of the fear of the child,
- dietetic food and enhanced drinking regime.
In severe stenosis shown intubation with the setting of the respiratory tube. A asphyxia - tracheotomy with the production of the breathing tube.
Complications and prognosis
The most serious form of croup false predictions at 3-4 degree of stenosis, it can be dangerous to the life and future health of the child. In addition, the specificity of stenoses are recurring, so parents are always home should be at hand inhaler and solutions to facilitate breathing and relieving swelling.
