Alveococcosis - worm infestation, which flows by type of volume processes in the liver. In some cases, possible infiltrative growth and the development of metastases in the lungs, brain, heart and bones.
Pathogen - flatworm (cestode) Echinococcus multilocularis.
The mechanism of occurrence
Natural reservoir and definitive hosts - dogs (main definitive host in Russia), foxes, foxes, wolves, coyotes, cats. Human Infection occurs by eating infected liver intermediate hosts.
The eggs come out with feces may vypolzanija active segment (can crawl on the ground, reserving the egg), which leads to contamination of surrounding wool medium (soil, water) items.
Intermediate hosts (muskrat, mice, voles) segments or swallow oncospheres (in particular egg shell), penetrating through the bloodstream to the liver where hatched larvae form parasitic node.
Most often the person infected alveococcosis when cutting carcasses, hides of infected animals, non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene and maintenance of animals (especially dogs often). Least likely to have cases of infection by eating wild berries and herbs contaminated with animal feces.
In the Russian Federation alveococcosis is distributed mainly in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Krasnoyarsk, Altai and Khabarovsk Territories, in the Tomsk and Omsk regions. Sporadic disease is also registered in Tatarstan and Bashkortostan.
manifestations alveococcosis
Compared with echinococcosis, alveococcosis occurs more malignant. The main target organ - the liver.
Tracking
- and increasing liver seal ( "iron" liver)
- pain and feeling of heaviness in the right upper quadrant,
- loss of appetite, weight loss, jaundice.
Diagnostics
- Complete blood count: marked eosinophilia, increased ESR
- Serological and immunological methods (RIGA, ELISA, RSK, latex agglutination reaction with the antigen of hydatid liquid bubbles) give positive results in 60-90% of cases. Also, use of skin-allergy test (Katstsoni reaction); it is most informative when hepatic echinococcosis
- Radiological methods: cysts in the liver or in the lungs appear as rounded shade with precise contours around cysts are often found in the liver calcifications ring
- ultrasound CT scan, angiography
alveococcosis treatment
Alveococcosis treated by surgically removing the parasitic components.
Before and after operation administered mebendazole courses for 30 days in daily doses increasing from 200 to 600 mg or more.
complications
- portal hypertension
- Budd syndrome - Chiari
- serohepatitis
- Germination and metastasis in the internal organs (gall bladder, abdominal wall, diaphragm, pericardium, lungs, brain).
