Complete blood count - this is a mandatory diagnostic procedure, which takes place every person, seek medical attention, regardless of the cause. To navigate in the results of this analysis, it is important to understand what the ICSU. This index is an indicator and shows the blood's ability to carry out one of its most important functions - breathing. If ICSU in the analysis of the blood increased, the reasons for this can lead to serious health disorders.
Analysis
Total blood analysis, also called clinical, provides information about the red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets and hemoglobin. All of these cells perform vital functions in the body. Hemoglobin, or Hgb, Hb - a substance of protein origin, which is part of the red blood cells and participates in gas exchange processes: delivers to tissue cells and organs of oxygen and takes away from them, CO2.
Hb norm for adults is:
- Men - 132-173 g / l;
- women - 117-155 g / l.
In children of different ages this value varies from 90 to 150 g / l.
The amount of hemoglobin in red blood cells is an important but not the only index of the quality of the respiratory function of blood. Along with it, experts estimate the average concentration of Hb in erythrocytes (MCHC). This is an additional measure, part of the full blood count. Its definition requires special equipment.
ICSU in the blood should not be confused with other indicators in the analysis - SIT, which determines the amount of Hb in the erythrocyte. If the first talks about the amount of hemoglobin in the cells of the erythrocyte, the second - on the content of Hb in only one.
when it recommended
The average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (MCHC) is of great importance to confirm anemia. It is more informative than the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin level in the blood. In normal or even elevated levels of red blood cells the degree of saturation of hemoglobin can be extremely low. In a detailed analysis of the blood ICSU necessarily present.
Also, the definition of this indicator is necessary in case of:
- constant presence in the body of an inflammatory or infectious process;
- suspected internal bleeding;
- suspected cancer;
- fatigue.
How to prepare for analysis
Blood - a body fluid, the qualitative composition of which can vary under the influence of a number of factors. To analyze the result was the most significant, should adhere to certain rules:
- The analysis should be carried out in the laboratory in compliance with all the rules of aseptic and antiseptic.
- Prior to analysis, X-ray examinations are contraindicated.
- Should refrain from any physical treatments.
- To stop the use of drugs. If this is not possible, inform the doctor.
- Limit excessive mental and physical activity.
- Give up eating and drinking for at least 10 hours before the procedure.
- Before the procedure, be sure to have a good rest.
Blood is drawn from a finger in the morning.
deciphering analysis
MCHC displays average content of Hb in erythrocytes. It can be calculated by the formula: (Hgb / hematocrit) x 100.
Hematocrit - the ratio of blood cells to plasma. It is determined in any general analysis and its normal value - 39-49%.
Mean hemoglobin in red blood cells - is not constant, it varies depending on the age and environmental conditions. MCHC is elevated in infants and varies greatly throughout the entire growth period. Also different significance of ICSU in the analysis of both men and women.
Norm
Indicators according to age and sex:
| Age | ICSU Norma, g / l |
| 0-2 weeks | 280 to 350 |
| 2 weeks - 1 month | 280 to 360 |
| 1-2 months | 280 to 350 |
| 2-4 months | from 290 to 370 |
| 4 months - 1 year | 320 to 370 |
| 1-3 years | 320 to 380 |
| 3-12 years | 320 to 370 |
12-15 years
|
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15-18 years
|
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18-45 years
|
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45-65 years
|
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65 years
|
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Deviation
If a blood test showed that the average concentration of hemoglobin is increased or decreased, these abnormalities large, it may be indicative of the disease and requires further examination for diagnosis and destination treatment.
To correctly interpret the laboratory results can only be a doctor. Assessment of ICSU should be carried out in conjunction with other blood indicators: the number of red blood cells, Hgb, hematocrit, color indicator, and so on.
Why ICSU low blood analysis
At low saturation of red blood cells with hemoglobin MCHC rate dropped - it hypochromia. She appears in many diseases of the blood and internal organs.
If the average concentration of hemoglobin in erythrocytes reduced, the reasons for this may be the following:
- Iron-deficiency anemia.
- Drepanocytemia.
- Immature forms of erythrocytes.
- Lesions toxic substances.
- Blood loss.
- Hemoglobinopathies.
- Hereditary predisposition.
When at the same time with a decrease of ICSU determine the normal number of red blood cells and Hg, it may indicate an error made when the study, and must be repeated.
The reasons for the high level of
The increased value of the mean Hb concentration is rare, but also speaks about the course of the pathological process.
ICSU can be increased in both adults and children with such pathologies and conditions:
- B12-deficiency anemia.
- Hemolytic anemia.
- Decreased thyroid function.
- Diabetes.
- Malignant tumors.
- Receiving medicaments, e.g. hormonal drugs.
- Disruption of water and electrolyte balance.
- Chronic oxygen starvation.
Treatment of severe abnormalities
If raising or lowering the ICSU index is not associated with errors of analysis, then, like any other pathological condition, this deviation should be treated. Treatment is carried out solely in a hospital environment.
Increase the low level of ICSU will help:
- preparations containing iron;
- Vitamin B12;
- medication with folic acid.
It is necessary to eliminate the bleeding, if any. Food such patients should be balanced and rational contain iron and folic acid. Duration of therapy is an average of from 1 to 3 months.
Correction of high-level ICSU requires treatment of underlying disease. Of the drugs used:
- antiplatelet agents;
- aqueous salt solutions;
- drugs that improve blood circulation.
Pay attention to diet: the exclusion from the diet of meat, liver, and red foods contain large amounts of B vitamins and folic acid.
Sometimes the treatment of these conditions require blood transfusions or a bone marrow transplant.
danger
Risk of blood pathologies that severe symptoms appear most frequently in the late stage and indicate the occurrence of complications. The state, which should pay attention to make advanced analysis of blood:
- fatigue;
- pale skin and mucous membranes;
- partial or complete loss of appetite;
- dyspnea;
- increased heart rate.
Identification of high and low values of erythrocytes content Hgb often means the appearance of blast cells. Blasts - immature erythrocyte cells, their presence in the blood indicates the development of leukemia. To clarify the diagnosis appoint myelogram.
If ICSU is increased to 380 g / l or more, and this result is stored permanently, there is a risk of solidification (crystallization), and hemoglobin destruction of erythrocytes. This blood is unable to properly perform its functions, which means that it will lead to the development of serious complications.
Another condition in which increased in a child or adult ICSU level, called sfero- or elliptocytosis. Normally, red blood cell is shaped like biconcave disk, in this disease, it becomes rounded. Such cells are rapidly destroyed, and thus violated the oxygen delivery to the cells. Such an anemia refers to a genetic disease and treated with blood transfusions, bone marrow transplantation.
If the deviation of the values from the ICSU rules are not linked to such serious illnesses, it still can not be ignored. In a state of neglect, it can lead to changes in the body:
- Because long anoxia disrupted normal functioning brain, followed by a change in its structure. These changes are often irreversible.
- Pronounced fall in blood pressure.
- Diseases of the heart and blood vessels.
- Disruptions of the senses.
- Cramps and pain in the muscles.
prevention
It is recommended every six months to carry out blood tests, regardless of the age group and the presence of diseases. This will help to notice even slight variations in performance and take appropriate action.
It is necessary to pay attention to diet: it should include a sufficient amount of protein, vitamins and minerals. In the cold season, when there is a variety of fruits and vegetables, rich with useful substances, which is why getting a sufficient amount of vitamins can not be with them, should be included in the diet of vitamins and minerals and additives.
It is recommended to limit consumption of fatty and fried foods. The meat is preferably consumed in boiled or baked form. From fast food should be abandoned.
In addition, it is important to conduct a mobile way of life, sports, often to be outdoors.
