Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to the tissues and transport carbon dioxide, thus ensuring the normal functioning of the whole organism. It is therefore important to control the content of these cells in the blood. To this end, a complete blood count. In the normal state of health reveals the rate of red blood cells in the blood of men. Any deviation in the up or down indicates the development of diseases.
what is the norm
The number of red blood cells are normal in men is different depending on age. In addition, the quantitative content of red blood cells in men is influenced by other factors:
- the existence of injury, intoxication;
- insufficient quantities of vitamins;
- disease and pathology of internal organs;
- bad habits;
- hormonal condition;
- the amount of water consumed per day;
- the degree of physical activity;
- the presence of inflammatory processes.
Affect the level of red blood cells can also weather the day when the surrender analysis, and psycho-emotional state. To study blood is taken from the ring finger, which is in an amount of 0.02 ml is poured into the vessel with physiological solution and placed in a special laboratory instrument - Goryaev chamber, where by means of laboratory microscope conducts count red blood cells. In decoding in the red blood cells have a RBC designation.
Table RBC depending on age
Table parameters of erythrocytes in accordance with the established norm in men over the age of:
| Age, years | Index g per 1 liter |
| 13 to 18 | From 3.9 to 5.6 |
| From 18 to 24 | From 4.2 to 5.8 |
| From 25 to 30 | From 3.7 to 5.4 |
| From 30 to 35 | From 3.9 to 5.5 |
| From 36 to 40 | From 4.1 to 5.6. |
| From 40 to 50 | From 4.0 to 5.8 |
| After 50 years and up to 65 | From 3.9 to 5.6 |
The blood of men after 60 years the concentration of red blood cells is slightly reduced and maintained at this level until a ripe old age.
tolerances
Throughout his life the number of red blood cells constantly changing, and this is a normal physiological phenomenon. There is a limit of tolerance, going beyond that in the up or down is a sign of pathology. Increasing concentrations of cells called erythrocytes erythrocytosis, if their content is insufficient, the diagnosis erythropenia.
Considered permissible deviation in the range - 0.5 * 10¹²g / l. Shift for several units can be caused by external factors such as weather. May affect the result and mood male insufficient amount of water drunk, the degree of physical load day before delivery of the analysis. For example, after poisoning or by insufficient intake of water into the body where there is dehydration, blood volume decreases. Although the number of cells will be unchanged, but the analysis shows a decrease in the indicator.
Because results may be influenced by external and internal factors, to obtain reliable the result may be, respecting the rules and guidelines for the preparation of the fence biological material. On the eve of the blood donation is not recommended to go in for sports, to smoke, drink alcoholic beverages. You need to go to the lab in a normal frame of mind, being in the quiet emotional and physical condition.
Abnormalities
If the red blood cells in males exceed the performance standards, or their concentration is too low, it says development of any diseases that require additional examination for an accurate diagnosis.
polycythemia
Elevated levels of blood cells cause the following conditions:
- Erythremia - benign tumor that develops in the erythrocyte germ, which takes part in the process of hematopoiesis. It occurs predominantly in men after 50 years.
- Diseases of internal organs, respiratory and circulatory systems, the heart muscle, including and congenital heart defects.
- Cushing's disease, characterized by rapid synthesis process hormonal substances produced by the thyroid gland.
- Pickwick syndrome - manifested by drowsiness, weight gain and the development of heart failure.
- Malignant tumors of various localization.
- Abnormalities in the respiratory system - dysfunction of the bronchi and lungs, bronchitis.
- Long-term use of hormonal drugs.
Erythrocytosis frequent and appears unreasonable reddening of the skin and mucous membranes, internal fever, frequent headaches, dizzy spells, wanton bleeding from the nose sinuses.
erythropenia
The decrease in erythrocyte concentration of cells affected by the following conditions and diseases:
- Ample external and internal bleeding.
- Deficiency in certain vitamins and mineral elements, in particular vitamin B12.
- Low concentrations of an element such as iron, due to its insufficient intake of foods with a violation of the process of absorption by the gastrointestinal tract.
- Chronic kidney disease.
- Cancer tumors that develop in the brain.
- Cirrhosis of the liver.
- Disease Marchiafava Michele (Anemia acquired type).
- Diseases of the blood, such as leukemia, elliptocytosis.
- Intoxication poisons substandard products.
- The presence of parasites in the body.
- Excessive use of water or a long course of intravenous lines, in which saline solution is used.
Erythropenia occurs on the background of autoimmune pathologies, when the body produces antibodies that attack their own red blood cells are the same, leading to their destruction. No less dangerous for health is such a reason erythropenia as anemia, when the body is in a constant state of hypoxia (lack of oxygen). Without timely treatment of anemia can lead to severe pathologies that threaten human health. Erythropenia dangerous by the fact that following the decline in the number of red blood cells decreases and the concentration of hemoglobin.
Erythropenia has the following clinical manifestations: fatigue and constant lethargy, pallor of the skin and mucous membranes, the frequent occurrence of hum in his ears. Insufficient concentration of red blood cells in the body of a man - a dangerous condition that requires immediate clarification underlying cause. If erythropenia women occurs every month during the first days of menstruation, then the men of monthly physiological changes do not, so the lack of red blood cells indicates the development of various pathologies.
False and physiological increase
Polycythemia can wear a false character or be caused by a number of physiological processes, due to which the cells concentration remains constant and only changes the volume of blood. The following factors can lead to false results:
- lack of water in the body due to the fact that it uses a male insufficient;
- disorders of the digestive system - diarrhea, stomach and intestinal disorders;
- profuse sweating;
- frequent impact of stressful situations;
- emotional instability.
False polycythemia diagnosed in those men who go to the mountains and climb to a higher altitude.
Causes physiological erythrocytosis:
- deficiency in certain vitamins and trace elements;
- regular consumption of poor quality water;
- steroids;
- insufficient number of enzymes.
Polycythemia - is not an independent disease, but a symptom of a disease, to identify where you need to carry out a number of additional studies.
