All of alopecia areata

For most people, alopecia areata seems to be one of the rarely encountered pathologies. In fact, partial baldness remains a major cosmetic problems of modern society. Hair loss deliver significant psychological distress to everyone but more so the pathology affects the female sex.

The causes of the disease

• hereditary factor (shown that 20-25% of the pathology are marital disease);
  
• previously transferred acute viral infection (including any disease from simple to more serious SARS Diseases);
  
• the defeat of the body chronic infectious processes of any localization;
  
• severe mental strain or permanent residence under stressful conditions (alopecia can occur in response to a momentary sharp blow to the nervous system or develop gradually);
  
• malfunction of the endocrine system (the vast majority of hormonal imbalance leads to problems with the hair, in particular alopecia focal character);
  
• lack or absence of any vitamins in the body;
  
• autoimmune damage hair follicles;
  
• a disorder of the autonomic nervous system, which is directly responsible for the blood supply to the hair follicles (frequent and expressed capillaries spasm lead to ischemic areas of the scalp, resulting in hair thinning and fall).

Doctor for the treatment of female alopecia should make the maximum amount of effort and to find out the probable cause of the disease.

Clinical features

The symptoms of the pathological process have the following features:

• nesting alopecia appears gradually (formed small baldness, which continues to grow);
  
• Form Lot alopecia often circular or oval;
  
• surface area devoid of hair can be smooth or rough and glossy with signs of inflammation;
  
• itching in the area of ​​alopecia rarely worried patients, and pain do not occur at all;
  
• single blind area of ​​hair occurs more often, less often, patients reported two sections of hair loss (in the event of multiple lesions usually affects the whole body);
  
• marked loss of eyebrows and eyelashes, which may be total, or partial unilateral;
  
• Problems with nail plate as thinning, peeling, deformation, and so forth (defeat nail due to the fact that they have an identical composition to hair).

classification of diseases

• local or the classic form of female baldness. Clinic characterized by the presence of one or two foci of rounded baldness.
  
• Ofiazis Celsus. So called ribbon-like form of alopecia, in which there is a lack of hair from the nape to the temple in the form of a strip.
  
• Subtotal kind of pathology. The pathology is characterized by the appearance of the drain areas of alopecia, which are large in size.
  
• total form. When this form is marked loss of all hair on the head. Also fall eyebrows and eyelashes.
  
• universal alopecia pathology. Person loses hair all over the body. Sometimes they start to grow again, and then fall again. Alopecia occurs in the form of episodes of exacerbation and remission periods. Hair may be absent from the body most of his life.
  
• alopecia alopecia with nail lesions. One of the most severe types of the course, which is characterized by a poor prognosis.

Breeding stage defeat Hair

• Step progression of alopecia. The beginning of the disease and its midst is characterized by inflammation of the scalp with the emergence of areas devoid of hair. The bulbs become loose and lose strength, so hair can be easily removed from the bed when you pull your fingers. Sometimes patients complain of mild itching. In doing so, the hair of the affected areas appear dystrophic.
  
• Stationary phase. Progression of alopecia stops. The skin is no longer in the bald spots become inflamed, it becomes smooth and pale. Areas where there are loosened hair, no.
  
• Step decreasing or regression of clinical manifestations. At this stage there are vellus hairs that do not have color. Pigmentation and thickening of the rod is gradually unless worsening of alopecia occurs a transition to the first stage.

How to diagnose alopecia areata?

• Using a dermatoscope. The technique allows more accurate to consider the state of the hair follicles and scalp condition.
  
• Smear a study on the presence of the fungus. Since fungal infections require specific treatment, the exception to this pathology is mandatory. Even if alopecia clinic does not correspond to deprive, diagnosis is still held.
  
• Individual laboratory tests. Since Alopecia areata is often symptomatic manifestation of the underlying disease, the doctor may require biochemical or serologic tests for the detection of infections, endocrine lesions or beriberi.

Principles of treatment of the disease

Basic principles of treatment of focal alopecia are as follows:

• Carrying psychotherapy with the stabilization of the emotional sphere.
  
• The use of hormonal ointments to slow the autoimmune destruction process.
  
• The use of corticosteroids injections (such therapy is conducted with caution and only in the most severe cases).
  
• Acceptance of tablet forms of glucocorticoids (only on prescription with careful adherence to recommended dosages).
  
• Phototherapy (includes effects on the affected areas with ultraviolet light).
  
• The use of dithranol (treatment of alopecia areata in women and men with this drug poorly understood, but some effect drug still has).

Elimination of the underlying pathology is the most effective form of therapy.

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